浅析消费异化与消费伦理——基于科学发展观的视角

现代社会经济的快速发展,消费水平的迅速提高,以及消费文化扩张的外在诱惑等,使我国出现了一些消费异化现象,消费背离了满足人的正当需要这一基本功能,导致消费主体迷失在消费客体中,阻碍人的全面、自由发展,不利于科学发展观的落实。消费异化同时也导致了一系列伦理冲突。我们应该为消费行为设定必要的原则,对消费伦理进行新的调整,并积极探索扬弃消费异化的路径。     

Parental Alienation Syndrome in Spain: opposed by the Government but accepted in the Courts

ABSTRACT

For over fifteen years, Spain has seen the promulgation of feminist-inspired legal frameworks to combat male violence against women and, as a result, Spanish law contains a variety of mechanisms that target male violence. However, the parallel dissemination of the pseudo-scientific concept of Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS), especially since 2004, has become a tool to stall the enforcement of gender equality legislation. Specifically, PAS is causing severe harm in legal procedures related to marital breakdown. Both the government and the General Council of the Judiciary have taken a stand against the deployment of PAS in the legal system, but the notion of parental alienation is still widely used in family courts. This article analyses the contemporary significance of PAS in Spain. It grounds itself in an examination of key government reports and legal cases, and draws on qualitative survey data from interviews with 20 women who have been either formally accused, or threatened with accusations of parental alienation.     

论“微时代”网络技术的异化

马克思的"异化"观点揭示了资本主义私有制条件下劳动产品及劳动对劳动者奴役的现象,现代科技"异化"是对马克思"异化"观的引申和发展。现代网络通信技术的发展在给人们生活带来极大便利的同时,又在一定程度上超出了人的控制,甚至成为支配、统治人的异己力量。要消除网络技术的负效应,必须凸显科技的人文关怀,推动网络技术的可持续发展,实现科技与社会的良性互动。     

人同人如何相异化--遵循马克思的思想脉络

因为人对自身的任何关系都通过人对他人的关系得到实现和表现，所以劳动异化能够过渡到人同人相异化、交往异化和社会联系异化。《手稿》异化劳动的前三个规定与第四个规定——“人同人相异化”，与《穆勒评注》中的交往异化和社会联系异化，都遵从同一个异化逻辑。异化的主体既可以是“孤立人”，也可以是两人或多人关系及其承载物。异化劳动和私有财产是阐释交往异化、社会联系异化的根源性概念。“社会联系异化”比“交往异化”能更准确地概括《穆勒评注》的主题。     

COMMENTARY ON KELLY AND JOHNSTON'S "THE ALIENATED CHILD: A REFORMULATION OF PARENTAL ALIENATION SYNDROME"

In a previous issue of this journal, Joan B. Kelly and Janet R. Johnston describe their reformulation of the parental alienation syndrome (PAS). Here, I present areas in which I agree with the authors and areas in which I disagree. Particular focus is placed on these PAS-related issues: the syndrome question, PAS versus parental alienation, the medical model, custodial transfer, gender bias, DSM-IV . empirical studies, and the misapplication of PAS.     

人工感染鸭疫里氏杆菌雏鸭的病理学变化

用鸭疫里氏杆菌 (Riemerellaanatipestifer)人工感染 7日龄雏鸭 ,对其进行了临床症状、病理剖检和病理组织学观察。试验结果表明 ,人工感染鸭疫里氏杆菌 2 4h后 ,感染鸭开始出现死亡 ,且在 4 8h内全部死亡。剖检可见典型的纤维素性心包炎、肝周炎、气囊炎。病理组织学检查表明 ,在感染鸭的心、肝、脾、肺组织出现纤维素性炎症 ,脑和肾组织分别出现脑膜炎和坏死性肾炎等变化。     

证据之异化及回归——以证据与证据运用区分为中心

证据作为证明的根据丧失了其客观性基础，异化的证据以主观性的形态出现。造成这种异化的原因是证据与证据运用概念的混淆。通过证据与证据运用的区分对证据重释，使证据回归其本来面目，主观性不再是证据的属性。证据的回归可以合理解释司法证明过程中的一些难题。     

试验性羊泰勒虫病的病理学观察

对用羊泰勒虫单一种人工感染的试验羊进行了病理学观察。结果显示 ,试验羊的可视黏膜苍白 ,皮下脂肪胶样水肿 ,全身淋巴结、心、肝、脾、肺和肾均有不同程度肿胀 ;实质器官组织变化的主要特征为明显的增生和巨细胞结节形成 ;淋巴结的窦内皮与网状细胞明显增生 ,甚至形成团块和条索 ;淋巴与网状内皮细胞中可见到裂殖体 ;脾还可见到坏死结节 ;肾小球毛细血管内皮细胞和间质细胞也明显增生 ;肝窦内皮的增生特别明显 ,甚至形成细胞条索 ;与淋巴结、脾、肾一样 ,肝小叶内同样有巨细胞结节形成 ,在上述巨细胞结节中均可在细胞浆中发现裂殖体 ;大脑中主要表现血管内皮与小胶质细胞增生。     

THE (DE)CONSTRUCTION OF CONFLICT IN DIVORCE LITIGATION: A DISCURSIVE CRITIQUE OF “PARENTAL ALIENATION SYNDROME” AND “THE ALIENATED CHILD”

In high‐conflict divorce litigation involving custody and access, mental‐health professionals are often used to assess the case and make recommendations. Using Foucauldian theories of discourse, this article suggests that these assessments, which are intended to resolve the conflict or offer profitable information, often participate in the conflict by constructing assessments and diagnoses that fit with legal discourse, and thus with the outcomes of adversarial‐styled rulings and ideologically driven interests. This article suggests that so long as such professionals are driven by the privileged discourse of law and psychology/psychiatry, the best interests of those at the center of the conflict can have their experience co‐opted by the iatrogenic features of these discourses.