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151.
Ross DF Marsil DF Benton TR Hoffman R Warren AR Lindsay RC Metzger R 《Law and human behavior》2006,30(3):249-257
Children from 5 to 12 years of age (N=779) were shown a videotape where a preschool teacher has money stolen from her wallet. Children were shown a lineup, and for children in the bystander condition, the lineup contained a familiar bystander without the thief. Children in the control condition viewed the same lineup but they had not seen the bystander in the videotape. Among the 11–12-year olds, participants in the bystander condition were significantly more likely than control participants to misidentify the familiar bystander. This effect was not found in children from 5 to 10 years of age. When children in the control condition were shown a lineup that contained the thief without the bystander, the 11–12-year olds were significantly more likely than the younger children to correctly identify the thief. These findings demonstrate that age can both increase and decrease the accuracy of children’s lineup identification accuracy depending on the task at hand and the content of a lineup. 相似文献
152.
In Re G, the Court of Appeal awarded a joint residence order to the appellant, who was the lesbian ex-partner of the child’s full
biological mother. The award also indirectly vested the appellant, a social parent, with parental responsibility and extended
a body of case law to same-sex couples, which had until now only been applied to heterosexual couples. The initial purpose
of this note is to outline the legal issues of the case in the context of the framework of parental responsibility set out
in the Children Act 1989, putting forward a test of ‘parental fitness’ (which focuses on active ‘care’ as its central consideration)
for social parents who must appeal to the court’s discretion to obtain parental responsibility. Secondly, the note offers
at once a positive reading of Re G while highlighting a number of reservations centring upon continued legal preference for the ‘sexual family’. It is argued
that while the legal recognition of ‘family diversity’ and parenthood remains modelled on this ‘sexual family’, the relaxation
of family ‘boundaries’ (despite legal victories such as Re G) will remain limited.
Re G (Children) [2005] E.W.C.A. (Civ.) 462 相似文献
153.
154.
Three cases of child death by starvation and negligence are reported because of the unusual circumstances in which they took place. These cases furnished the most glaring evidence of neglect. 相似文献
155.
R. Enrique Varela Carl F. Weems Steven L. Berman Lauren Hensley Maria Clara Rodriguez de Bernal 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(4):429-440
Latin American youth in the United States tend to report more internalizing symptoms than white non-Latino youth, yet little
is known about the factors that may contribute to such differences. The present study examined the role that anxiety sensitivity,
gender, and ethnic minority status may play in the expression of internalizing symptoms across Latin American adolescents
(n = 116) and white non-Latino adolescents (n = 72) in the United States and Colombian adolescents in Colombia (n = 163). Results provide evidence that because fear of anxiety related phenomena and physiological symptoms of anxiety in
particular may be normative in Latino culture anxiety sensitivity does not amplify somatic complaints for Latin American and
Colombian youth as it does for white non-Latino youth. Results further suggest that anxiety sensitivity and being female predicted
anxiety and depressive symptoms independent of cultural background. Implications of the findings to our understanding of cultural
variability in internalizing symptoms are discussed.
R. Enrique Varela, PhD, is an assistant professor of psychology at Tulane University. He received his PhD from the University
of Kansas Clinical Child Psychology Program. His research interests are cross cultural manifestations of childhood anxiety
and parenting practices in Latin American families. He is also interested in adherence issues in chronically ill children.
Carl F. Weems, PhD, is an associate professor of psychology at the University of New Orleans. He received his PhD from Florida
International University and did post doctoral work at Stanford Medical School. His research focuses on the developmental
psychopathology of anxiety and depression. In particular, his research integrates developmental, cognitive, biological and
behavioral theories in attempting to understand the etiology and course of internalizing disorders in childhood. Special areas
of interest include the assessment and treatment of childhood anxiety disorders, the role of cognitive behavioral development,
brain function, and cognitive processing in anxiety and depression.
Steven L. Berman, PhD, is an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Central Florida. He received his PhD from
Florida International University. His research interests are identity development including associated anxiety and distress,
cross-national comparisons, and the development of identity interventions.
Lauren Hensley, MS, is a graduate student in psychology at Tulane University. Her main research interest is anxiety development,
with a focus on anxiety sensitivity and children’s responses to traumatic events.
Maria Clara Rodriguez de Bernal, MS, is an assistant professor of psychology at Universidad de la Sabana, Bogota, Colombia.
Her research interests are in the area of program evaluation dealing with anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder
in particular. 相似文献
156.
综合国内研究独生子女社会交往能力的相关文献,其大致的研究结论是,独生子女的社会交往能力和非独生子女没有根本差别,甚至独生子女的社会交往能力比非独生子女更好。现有研究的不足表现为,没有专门的研究设计,测量指标的维度不够、可比性差,缺乏对农村独生子女社会交往能力的研究。这也是后续研究需要改进的地方。 相似文献
157.
Forgotten Children of Immigration and Family Law: How The Absence of Legal Aid Affects Children in the United States 下载免费PDF全文
The absence of government‐appointed legal counsel in immigration proceedings adversely affects large numbers of children in the United States. Children born in the United States to parents without citizenship status (U.S.‐born children of noncitizen parents or UCNP) are harmed by a parent's detention and removal. Unaccompanied alien children (UAC) who have entered the country without legal status are adversely affected by their own detention and removal. The possibility of obtaining relief from removal is drastically diminished by the lack of legal representation. Currently UAC and immigrant parents are not entitled to court‐appointed attorneys. Any meaningful change in immigration law, such as a federal statutory amendment to provide UAC and immigrant parents with government‐appointed counsel is unlikely due to the present political dissension in Congress regarding this issue. Because UAC and immigrant parents are not entitled to government‐funded legal representation, a pro bono legal service system has developed, but is unable to meet the present need adequately. For immigrant parents, this Note proposes the adoption of a statute to allow the appointment of court liaisons in family court proceedings. The court liaison is a nonattorney who is familiar with the processes of the family court and ensures that immigrant parents are fully informed regarding all pertinent family court proceedings. For UAC, this Note proposes an amendment to the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act to mandate the appointment of a child advocate to all UAC. The child advocate is not a lawyer, but works with the UAC's attorney to provide the child with legal representation and advocacy.
- Key Points for the Family Court Community:
- UCNP confront the loss of parents to detention and removal. Children are condemned to limbo, torn between absent biological parents and placement in foster care.
- The recent surge in the number of UAC who enter the United States by crossing the border from Mexico has been described as a humanitarian crisis. These children often remain alone without legal protection, vulnerable to detention and removal.
- Ideally, UAC and the immigrant parents would be provided with government‐funded legal representation in immigration proceedings. In the absence of the federal statutory reform necessary to make that a reality, state statutory reform to allow for the provision of court liaison programs for immigrant parents and federal statutory reform to allow the appointment of child advocates for UAC can begin to offer children and families needed legal support and advocacy.
158.
This article provides a response to Prof. Thomson's critique, noting many points of agreement and also the broader consensus that is emerging among experts in the field. The research evidence, and the wider body of knowledge on children's well‐being generally, supports the proposition that relocation is a risk factor for children after parental separation but provides no support for a general presumption either in favor of, nor against, relocation. Nor should it be assumed that the interests of children are the same as those of their primary caregiver. We defend our three questions arguing the need in an adult‐centric debate to focus resolutely on children's interests rather than on adult rights. Both Prof. Thompson's approach and our own involve guided decision making with the child's best interests as the paramount consideration—his through weak presumptions based upon research about how judges respond to relocation issues and ours through focused questions based on research on how parents and children respond to relocations issues. We do not consider that codifying the existing practices of the courts represents real reform. We identify various risks involved in using presumptions, but note that, in jurisdictions with limited publicly funded resources for individual case assessment, presumptions, burdens or guidelines may be needed to offer rough justice to impecunious parents.
- Key Points for the Family Court Community
- Notes points of emerging agreement on relocation within the research community
- Explores the differences between the use of presumptions and focused questions and highlights the role of empirical research of the lived experience of children and families postrelocation disputes
- Identifies how the level of public resourcing for the family law system may impact upon decisions about the substance of the law concerning relocation
159.
Beatrice Moring 《The History of the Family》2013,18(1):105-117
The increasing urbanisation and industrialisation of the late 19th century promoted migration of families and individuals into the growing towns. As a consequence the protective network of kinship and village was lost. In the process the access to household production was also severely decreased. After the death of a husband in a labourer's household the widow had to face a difficult situation. The aim of this paper is to assess the standard of living of poor widows in the Nordic countries. To estimate the proportion of intrafamilial contributions, the role of the wider kinship group and to calculate level of support from poor relief authorities and other possible sources. 相似文献
160.
Pamela Riney-Kehrberg 《The History of the Family》2013,18(1):51-67
This article uses public documents and first-hand accounts of late 19th and early 20th centuries child life to examine attempts by public policymakers in the United States and New Zealand to change the quality of rural child life in those countries through compulsory schooling and other related measures. These attempts, however, largely failed due to the demands of the farming economy and the unwillingness of public officials to go to extraordinary lengths on behalf of farm children, as opposed to urban children. Rural children's lives would be changed, not by policy, but by technological developments and the vagaries of the farm economy. 相似文献