Comment on Dennis P. Culhane et al.’s “Testing a typology of family homelessness based on patterns of public shelter utilization in four U.S. jurisdictions: Implications for policy and program planning”

Abstract

A comprehensive typology of homeless families would help us understand how to provide services and supports appropriate to particular subgroups. In their attempt to establish such a typology, Culhane and his colleagues employ administrative data sets to correlate shelter use with behavioral indicators. These data sets are limited in that they fail to incorporate the complex, intense, and sometimes traumatic experiences that characterize the lives of homeless families, causing this study to fall short of what is required to create an accurate typology.

Among the areas overlooked by this approach are the high levels of traumatic stress and violence in the lives of homeless families, children's needs, and the interactions between parents and children. When only limited research is available, there is a danger that even modest findings will be used to support broad policy directions. Further research is needed to arrive at a defensible typology.     

Chapter 3. Mental Health Care of Hispanic Immigrant Children

Abstract

This chapter addresses the mental health care of Hispanic immigrant children within a school-based context. The school system is presented as a natural support agent that is psychologically, culturally and geographically accessible for the delivery of culturally competent mental health services. The development of a multifaceted New York City public school-based program created, by the first author of this chapter, in response to the psychosocial needs of Hispanic immigrant children is discussed as a viable approach that may be used in the provision of ethnic-sensitive mental health care.     

儿童心理表征的功能及其教育对策

心理表征是问题解决的关键,成为了近些年来心理研究领域的焦点之一。本文介绍了心理表征的基本概念,描述了心理表征的在知识理解、筛选信息、选择策略和影响认知结果方面的重要功能,并从知识经验、元认知和概念性理解等方面探讨了心理表征的培养和训练方法。     

A century (plus) of parenthood: Changes in living with children, 1880–1990

This paper summarizes the broad foundations of the changing nature of parenthood by examining trends in coresidence with children under age 15. Our study uses data from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Samples (IPUMS) to provide a portrait of demographic parenthood in the US over the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In describing changes in parenthood over the past 110 years, we distinguish between those living with own children and those living with other children. We focus in particular on changes in gender patterns of coresidential parenthood and changes in the likelihood that divorced men and women live with children. We also examine the impact of the baby boom on parenting. Our findings support a recasting of ongoing discussions of the parental roles of American men and women by shifting the historical demographic focus from biological transitions to the social aspects of parenting.     

论农民工子女义务教育政策有效执行的路径选择

随着我国城市化进程的不断加快和"民工潮"的涌现,农民工子女接受义务教育的问题日益突出,尽管国家已经出台了很多相关政策来保障农民工子女接受教育的权利,但从实际执行情况来看,效果并不明显.我们认为,有效推进农民工子女的义务教育政策的实际执行效果有以下一些主要的现实路径:完善教育政策,提高政策的权威性和严密性;明确政府职责,建立权力分配体制;消除城乡差别,开发新的教育资源;实现制度创新,消除执行中的梗塞;采用各种资金筹措手段,保证农民工子女教育资金的落实,让农民工子女从此可以沐浴"教育公平"的阳光.     

儿童及青少年组非意外性暴力死特点分析

对１０３例儿童及青少年非意外性暴力死进行特点分析。儿童组中学龄前儿童（２～６岁）１２例（均为女性），学龄儿童（７～１２岁）２２例，青少年组（１３～１９岁）６９例。儿童组和１６～１９岁青少年为两个年龄高峰。死亡性质：凶杀占４７．６％（儿童和青少年女性占８９．８％），伤害占２９．１％（男性占９６．７％），余为自杀和不明。死亡原因以机械性窒息（３６．９％）和锐器伤（３４．０％）为多。并就伤害案件的意义及尸检问题进行了讨论。     

社会工作介入“受艾滋病影响的失依儿童”抗逆力养成——基于河南省ZMD市的循证研究

本文在社会工作视域下检视受艾滋病影响的失依儿童的抗逆力。本文发现这些儿童表现出生成的差异性、养成的向光性和实践的断裂性等特质。坚持循证实践,依据解构困境、建构意义、重构生活、整合资源的逻辑,进行社会工作专业干预,能有效地促进服务对象抗逆力的提升。     

Teenagers and their Parents: Parental Time and Parenting Style—What are the Issues?

Two recent reports, from the ippr and UNICEF have provided disturbing evidence on the behaviour and well‐being of young people in the UK. The ippr's Report suggests that a significant explanatory factor is the lack of time children spend with parents and other adults. But is mere ‘presence’ the key? The paper briefly reviews the possibilities parents in the UK have to spend time with their children by exploring how much and when they work in relation to parents in other European countries, and goes on to report on evidence from interviews with parents and children, which signal the importance of parenting style. I suggest that time with children is not unimportant, which has implications for Government's decision not to extend the right to request flexible working patterns to parents with older children, but that it is far from being the only factor at stake. The increasing difficulties parents face in negotiating the transition to independence with their teenage children indicate a need for parenting to be on the policy agenda.     

浅论我国儿童读经教育

当前中国社会出现了第四个"读经"潮,自王财贵教授于1994年在台湾成立的"读经推广中心"以来,儿童"读经"运动在中国大陆以及港、澳、台地区迅速展开,儿童"读经"教育则成为社会和教育界的论点。在此,笔者介绍了儿童读经教育的基本情况,并对儿童读经教育的科学规范进行了思考。