Die Evaluation öffentlicher Politiken mit föderalistischen Vollzugsarrangements. Eine konzeptionelle Erweiterung des Stufenmodells und eine praktische Anwendung

Der vorliegende Artikel leistet einen Beitrag zur Konzipierung von Wirkungsmodellen für die Evaluation von öffentlichen Politiken mit föderalistischen Vollzugsarrangements. Das Phasenmodell des Policy‐Zyklus erfasst die Prinzipal‐Agent‐Probleme des Vollzugsföderalismus nur unzureichend. Es ist aus diesem Grund sinnvoll, in der Genesephase eine Zusatzschlaufe vorzusehen, die dem Umstand Rechnung trägt, dass in der Schweiz die Kantone beim Vollzug von Bundesgesetzen nicht nur Umsetzungs‐, sondern auch Programmierungskompetenzen haben. Diese Zusatzschlaufe impliziert allerdings beim häufig verwendeten Stufenmodell von Knoepfel und Bussmann (1997) für die Evaluierung öffentlicher Politik das Problem, dass es zu einer Vermischung der Evaluationsgegenstände auf Bundes‐ und Kantonsebene kommt. Diesem Umstand begegnen wir mit der Erweiterung des Stufenmodells, indem wir die beiden föderalen Ebenen getrennt betrachten und die Evaluationsgegenstände nicht generell, sondern entsprechend der Staatsebene definieren. Das Modell wird mit einer Anwendung aus der Evaluation des Krankenversicherungsgesetzes illustriert.     

把GDP放在干部考核的合适位置

GDP是反映经济运行状况的重要指标,近年来它也逐渐成为干部考核的重要指标,在一些地方GDP成为衡量干部政绩、决定干部升迁去留的决定性因素。要树立和落实科学发展观,必须把GDP放在干部考核的合适位置,以引导干部创造实实在在的政绩。     

高效液相色谱法测定养胃舒橙皮苷的含量

目的：建立用高效液相色谱法测定养胃舒胶囊中橙皮苷含量的方法。方法：采用ShimpackCLC-ODS柱，以甲醇－8．0ml/L，冰醋酸溶液（40：60）为流动相，检测波长：286nm。结果：橙皮苷在所试浓度0．0387－0．2710ug范围内，浓度与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系。平均回收率为98．2％（n=5)，RSD为1．4％，结论：本法简便，准确，灵敏度高，重现性好，可用于该制剂中主要成分橙皮苷的含量测定。     

Defining Folklore: Mestizo and Indigenous Identities on the Move

This article analyses how the performance of folkloric music and dance defines and redefines ethnic/racial distinctions and identities in the Andes. It focuses on the promotional activities of urban-based institutions in Cusco called instituciones culturales, particularly how these activities have shaped folkloric performance. The article calls attention to the continuing importance of race as a central category of social differentiation, showing how folkloric performances embody ethnic/racial identities.     

Closing the Rhetoric‐Reality Gap? Employees' Perspective of Performance Management in the Australian Public Service

Performance management has been hailed by its proponents as an essential tool to enhance public service performance. Yet, its actual capacity to improve public service performance continues to be questioned by many academics. This research on a small group of Australian Public Service employees examines their perceptions on the efficacy of the performance management system in their agencies. The study respondents did not believe that their work behaviours had significantly changed in response to performance management. Obstacles to high performance include perceptions of a poorly designed performance measurement system, an inadequate level and mix of rewards offered, and inconsistencies in the implementation process.     

第三方评价与廉政风险防控实效提升

廉政风险防控是推进权力公开透明运行、健全权力运行制约和监督机制的一项重要实践和探索。目前,我国廉政风险防控机制属于内部控制,基层政府对于专业性较强的现代管理方法了解不深和应用不足,致使廉政风险防控的实效性不是十分明显。我国廉政风险防控主要存在方法困境、制度困境、认识困境、人力资源困境等现实问题。在廉政风险防控机制中引入第三方评价模式,是一项有益尝试,使廉政风险评估由内部评价转向外部评价,为社会公众有效参与反腐败工作提供了平台,有利于丰富廉政风险管理机制的理论与实践,大力提升我国廉政风险防控的实效。     

The Effects of Dextromethorphan on Driving Performance and the Standardized Field Sobriety Test

Dextromethorphan (DXM) is abused most commonly among adolescents as a recreational drug to generate a dissociative experience. The objective of the study was to assess driving with and without DXM ingestion. The effects of one‐time maximum daily doses of DXM 120 mg versus a guaifenesin 400 mg dose were compared among 40 healthy subjects using a crossover design. Subjects’ ability to drive was assessed by their performance in a driving simulator (STISIM^® Drive driving simulator software) and by conducting a standardized field sobriety test (SFST) administered 1‐h postdrug administration. The one‐time dose of DXM 120 mg did not demonstrate driving impairment on the STISIM^® Drive driving simulator or increase SFST failures compared to guaifenesin 400 mg. Doses greater than the currently recommended maximum daily dose of 120 mg are necessary to perturb driving behavior.     

Diversion in youth justice: a pilot study of effects on self-reported mental health problems

As part of a larger study to evaluate the effects of a Liaison and Diversion scheme in community youth justice services, staff of newly established Youth Justice Liaison and Diversion (YJLD) teams undertook observational ratings and administered self-report mental health and risk measures to young people referred to this pathway. The overall objectives of the YJLD project were to divert young people from the criminal justice system and to coordinate other services in order to reduce their likelihood of reoffending and the extent of their mental health problems. Data were collected from five local authority areas in different parts of England. Young people thereby referred had an average of 5.4 h of contact with youth justice staff. For a sample of young people on whom data were available at the beginning and end of that process, there was evidence of a significant reduction in problems and a small but significant correlation between the amount of individual contact time with YJLD staff and the extent of change observed. Absence of a comparison sample limits the drawing of firm conclusions; however, recommendations are made for future controlled experimental studies.     

陕西政府绩效考核路径探索

政府部门绩效考核可定义为对政府部门的工作效率、能力、服务质量、公共责任和公众满意程度等方面的分析与评价。完善政府部门目标责任制的考核路径对开展有效的政府绩效考核具有重大的理论意义和实践意义。     

公安机关现行绩效考评的三大症结

公安机关现行的绩效考评工作存在着三大症结:定位不准确、实施不系统和组织基础薄弱。其中,定位不准确是最根本的症结,只有从公安组织战略管理层面去定位绩效考评工作,才能真正还原其作用,设计和实施才可能系统,组织基础才可能加强。