Is LEO ‘Orwellian'? Earnings,Willetts, OfS,Creative Arts,and the Cost of Higher Education

The cost of higher education to the taxpayer is determined in part by the choice of subject and institution made by students. The Augar report on higher education noted that there was an oversupply of ‘low value' courses and called on the government to ‘bear down on low value courses' and ‘target courses better aligned with the economy's needs'.¹ Until recently there was no reliable data to identify such courses or the institutions supplying them. The Institute for Fiscal Studies has utilised recently available longitudinal education data on earnings, courses and institutions to rectify this deficiency. Many of the lowest earning courses are in the creative arts. Not everyone is happy with using earnings to measure the value of courses. This paper discusses the IFS estimates of graduate earnings and the public cost of higher education, as well as the criticisms of using earnings data to measure the value of courses and institutions.     

周恩来与抗战美术

周恩来十分重视抗战美术宣传，直接领导了“国统区”的抗战美术工作。他关心美术家的工作和生活。团结和争取“国统区”的广大美术工作者站在共产党领导的抗日民族统一战线立场上，维护和巩固了美术界的统一战线。他积极促成了国统区与解放区的美术交流，为推动抗战美术运动的繁荣和发展起到了至关重要的作用。     

A Homecoming

正I first met Dorje Tseten on his daily circumambulation,the ritual of circling a Tibetan Buddhist holy site and praying,along Lingkhor,the sacred path in Lhasa,capital of Tibet Autonomous Region.While he no longer has the agility of his youth,the 84 year old insists on performing his prayer wheel ritual every day.On completion he takes the bus home."I have the card for senior citizens that entitles me to free bus travel,"he said.Dorje Tseten returned to Lhasa from a decades-long exile in 1999.He left     

Do We Still Need the Abacus?

正Zhusuan is the name given to the techniques used on a Chinese abacus.It includes performing simple sums such as addition and subtraction,or far more complex operations including exponential multiplication.Zhusuan can be traced back to more than 2,500years ago.It is regarded as the fifth invention in Chinese history and was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage by the Chinese Government in 2008.Zhusuan was also officially listed as a UNESCO intangible cultural     

The MFA in Arts Management

Arts administration/management (AA/M) has evolved to the point of emerging as a mature academic field, increasingly institutionalized within higher education and demanding a larger and more highly credentialed faculty. Examining Master of Fine Arts (MFA) AA/M programs in North America, this brief study asks whether the MFA can serve as the viable credential for academically trained arts managers. The analysis suggests that no consensus about which advanced degree best reflects academic expertise relevant to all components of the field has been reached and that standards remain too unclear for the MFA to serve as a viable credential across artistic disciplines.     

《鹿特丹规则》下非承运方委托时港口经营人责任限制分析

通过对中国港口经营人责任限制的分析以及对《鹿特丹规则》下海运履约方制度的解读，探讨非承运人委托作业时港口经营人责任界定。得出中国可以借鉴《鹿特丹规则》，通过完善《中华人民共和国海商法》实际承运入制度，使实际承运人适用于港口经营人，可以享有责任限制权，但仅限于消极抗辩权。     

影响当代中国工艺美术的设计性因素解析

单就设计性因素考察,中国当代工艺美术及其设计,除了受中国传统关学及中国传统设计思想的影响外,还有着与西方设计思潮互动的历史。进入工业时代,艺术与技术的融合成为一种必然,但随着设计美学由现代向后现代的转换,艺术自身的生命力与渗透力也不容小视,激进主义、材料美学、设计艺术的商业化倾向等,都对中国当代工艺美术设计产生了深刻影响。     

从“行政管理”到“国家治理”：执法理念的法治化回应

随着社会自治领域的日益扩大,以国家权力为核心的一元权力结构逐渐解体,公共权力领域和私权领域的二元性分化开始显现,治理型政府取代管理型政府已逐步成为现代政府建构的主导形态.随着法治国家的不断演进,单纯的形式法治已经无法适应治理型政府的内涵与要求,作为一种更为合乎权利保障要求的法治形式,实质法治亦将在执法过程中发挥其独特的作用.执法理念与执法目的的变迁必然影响到执法理念的更新与升级.管制范式下的干预性执法、惩戒性执法、自卫性执法、专断性执法等理念需要转变,给付性执法、恢复性执法、履职性执法以及参与性执法等理念将逐渐形成.