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刑事诉讼的历史就是辩护权不断扩大的历史。辩护权发展的核心在于辩护人介入刑事诉讼程度的不断深入以及辩护权的不断完善。公安机关需要正确理解辩护律师在侦查阶段的辩护人法律地位及会见通信权、讯问在场权、调查取证权等诉讼权利。辩护律师在侦查阶段主要是帮助犯罪嫌疑人行使辩护权并监督制约侦查机关的活动,维护犯罪嫌疑人人权的重要作用。 相似文献
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Ina Fettig Ph.D. Simone Krüger Ph.D. Jan H. Deubel M.S. Martin Werrel M.S. Tina Raspe Christian Piechotta Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(3):743-749
The chemical analysis of fire debris represents a crucial part in fire investigations to determine the cause of a fire. A headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) procedure for the detection of ignitable liquids in fire debris using a fiber coated with a mixture of three different sorbent materials (Divinylbenzene/Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane, DVB/CAR/PDMS) is described. Gasoline and diesel fuel were spiked upon a preburnt matrix (wood charcoal), extracted and concentrated with HS‐SPME and then analyzed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The experimental conditions—extraction temperature, incubation and exposure time—were optimized. To assess the applicability of the method, fire debris samples were prepared in the smoke density chamber (SDC) and a controlled‐atmosphere cone calorimeter. The developed methods were successfully applied to burnt particleboard and carpet samples. The results demonstrate that the procedure that has been developed here is suitable for detecting these ignitable liquids in highly burnt debris. 相似文献
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《Digital Investigation》2014,11(4):323-335
The battle between malware developers and security analysts continues, and the number of malware and malware variants keeps increasing every year. Automated malware generation tools and various detection evasion techniques are also developed every year. To catch up with the advance of malware development technologies, malware analysis techniques need to be advanced to help security analysts. In this paper, we propose a malware analysis method to categorize malware using dynamic mnemonic frequencies. We also proposed a redundancy filtering technique to alleviate drawbacks of dynamic analysis. Experimental results show that our proposed method can categorize malware and can reduce storage overheads of dynamic analysis. 相似文献
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Feasibility of Canine Detection of Mass Storage Devices: A Study of Volatile Organic Compounds Emanating from Electronic Devices Using Solid Phase Microextraction
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Lauryn E. DeGreeff Ph.D. Michelle Cerreta Ph.D. Mark Rispoli J.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(6):1613-1616
Detection of canines are well‐known to be valuable in the location of contraband, such as explosives or narcotics. More recently, canines have been trained and utilized in the detection of concealed mass storage devices that might contain evidence of illegal activity such as child pornography. To lay the analytical foundation for this detection work, research was carried out to determine the volatile organic compounds associated with mass storage devices (MSD) that could be used by trained canines for detection. Headspace analysis of a variety of electronic devices was performed using solid phase microextraction (SPME) with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Analyses found several volatile compounds common to SIM and SD cards, as well as USB drives, including 2‐propenenitrile, styrene, isophorone, hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, and 2‐furanmethanol, tetrahydro. Results indicated that mass storage devices do have a characteristic odor profile making detection with minimal false alerts feasible for trained canines. 相似文献
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目的采用分子印迹固相萃取,UPLC/MS分析,检验血液中大隆和溴敌隆。方法以大隆为模板分子,丙烯酰胺为单体,二甲基亚砜为有机溶剂,按照模板分子与单体摩尔配比关系为1∶4合成大隆分子印迹聚合物,作为固相萃取剂萃取血液中大隆和溴敌隆,以2×1mL去离子水、1mL 30%甲醇去离子水洗涤杂质,2×1mL 1%甲酸/甲醇洗脱,提取血中目标物后进行UPLC/MS分析检测。结果溴敌隆和大隆回收率均在90%以上,在50~500ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好r,2溴敌隆为0.998 4,大隆为0.991,检测限(S/N=5/1)低于10ng/mL。结论本方法回收率高,基质效应降低,杂质干扰少,可用于血液中低浓度大隆和溴敌隆的检验。 相似文献
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目的建立分子印迹固相萃取(MISPE)、GC/MS分析方法,用于血液中苯丙胺类毒品检测。方法 10mmol/L醋酸铵缓冲液(pH8.0)4倍稀释空白添加血液,1mL甲醇,1mL10mmol/L醋酸铵缓冲液(pH8.0)活化苯丙胺类分子印迹固相萃取柱;2×1mL去离子水、1mL60%的乙腈去离子水、1mL1%醋酸乙腈洗涤杂质;2×1mL1%甲酸/甲醇洗脱,洗脱液挥干定容,经GC/NPD、GC/MS分析检测。结果各种苯丙胺类毒品回收率均在90%以上,在20~5 000ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,r2为0.995 7~0.998 9,LOQ在16~30ng/mL之间,LOD在8~15ng/mL之间。结论本方法回收率高,净化效果显著,稳定性好,杂质干扰少,可用于血液中低浓度苯丙胺类毒品的分析检测。 相似文献
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目的建立固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱(SPE-LC-MS/MS)分析全血中多塞平的方法。方法以阿米替林为内标,全血样品经固相萃取处理后,通过液相色谱-串联质谱技术进行检测(电喷雾离子源正离子方式,多反应监测模式)。监测离子对m/z多塞平为280→107、280→235、280→220,阿米替林为278→233。多塞平和阿米替林的保留时间分别为15.15min和16.94min。结果全血中多塞平在0.005~1.00μg/mL质量浓度范围内呈线性关系,线性方程为y=3.2047x+0.0339,相关系数(r)=0.9996,检出限为0.001μg/mL;平均提取回收率为78.0%~82.9%,日内精密度〈2.55%,日间精密度〈5.90%。结论本方法快速简便、灵敏、重现性好,适用于全血中多塞平的检测。 相似文献
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Allison M. Curran Ph.D. ; Paola A. Prada B.S. ; Kenneth G. Furton Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2010,55(1):50-57
Abstract: Human scent evidence is utilized as an investigative tool through canine scent discriminations based on the premise that human scent is an individualizing characteristic. This study describes the development of what is effectively a human scent barcode consisting of the relative ratios of an individual's "primary odor" compounds utilized to determine a reproducible and individualizing profile which can be stored in a searchable database for a proof of concept of human scent as a biometric measure. Triplicate hand odor samples were evaluated from 10 subjects utilizing solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) and compared via Spearman Rank Correlations. Narrowing the compounds considered for each subject to only those common in all three samples, or a subject's "primary odor constituents," produced a greater degree of both individualization and discrimination; at both correlation thresholds of 0.9 and 0.8, the individuals were correctly discriminated and identified in 99.54% of the cases. 相似文献