云南少数民族体育产业化的政策选择与社会支撑体系

云南少数民族体育产业的发展,必须遵循产业化发展的一般规律.政府在推进产业化发展过程中,应该从云南少数民族体育的实际出发,制定相应的政策措施,创造促进少数民族体育产业化发展的制度环境与条件.     

我国普通高校体育课程改革问题反思与展望

2002年至今,全国高校陆续进行以新<纲要>为指导,进行了"健康第一"为理念的素质教育改革并都取得了丰硕的成果,但是亦出现了许多问题.问题的出现原因很多,需要我们从教育理念上加以探究.     

浅析商业性体育赛事的财务风险管理

商业性体育赛事的组织者要想在激烈的竞争中生存下来,并谋求长足发展,在赛事运作过程中就要尽可能实现"财务状况最优"和"利润最大"。然而,商业性体育赛事运作过程中的存在各种风险,要实现利润最大化,就要尽可能的采取各种措施来规避或减少可能导致损失的各项风险,避免风险造成损失或使损失控制在最小范围内,争取把潜在收益成为现实的可能性,以实现赛事利润最大化的财务管理目标。     

Familial Correlates of Overt and Relational Aggression between Young Adolescent Siblings

Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis and multi-group structural equation modeling were used to test correlates of overt and relational aggression between young adolescent siblings across four groups (i.e., male/male, male/female, female/male, and female/female sibling pairs), using 433 predominately European American families. Similar patterns of associations were found across groups when distinguished by gender composition. Family environment emerged as an important factor in explaining internalizing problems as well as overt/relational aggression for both younger and older siblings. While perceived maternal psychological control was significantly positively related to overt/relational aggression and internalizing problems for younger siblings, it was significantly positively associated with only relational aggression for older siblings. Findings also provided partial support for the positive linkages between young adolescents’ aggression and their own and siblings’ internalizing problems above and beyond the aforementioned family and maternal variables. Results of the current study extend the understanding of adolescent aggression to a new relational context, or among siblings, and highlight the role of family factors in promoting or buffering the impact of aggression on internalizing behaviors.

The Broader Context of Relational Aggression in Adolescent Romantic Relationships: Predictions from Peer Pressure and Links to Psychosocial Functioning

The broader context of relational aggression in adolescent romantic relationships was assessed by considering the ways such aggression emerged from prior experiences of peer pressure and was linked to concurrent difficulties in psychosocial functioning. Longitudinal, multi-reporter data were obtained from 97 adolescents and their best friends at age 15 and from adolescents and their romantic partners at age 18. Teens’ relational aggression and romantic partners’ victimization were predicted from levels of best friends’ pressuring behaviors toward teens in an observed interaction as well as from best friends’ ratings of how much pressure teens experienced from their peer group. Romantic partner relational aggression and teen victimization were predicted by pressure from teens’ peer group only. Adolescents’ romantic relational aggression and victimization were also associated with elevated levels of depressive symptoms and increased alcohol use. Results are discussed in terms of the connection of relational aggression in romantic relationships to the broader task of establishing autonomy with peers in psychosocial development.

The Utility of Forms and Functions of Aggression in Emerging Adulthood: Association with Personality Disorder Symptomatology

A sample of 679 (341 women) emerging adults (M = 18.90 years; SD = 1.11; range = 18.00–22.92) participated in a study on the utility of forms (i.e., physical and relational) and functions (i.e., proactive and reactive) of aggression. We examined the link between these four subtypes of aggression and personality pathology (i.e., psychopathic features, borderline personality disorder features, and antisocial personality disorder features). The study supports the psychometric properties (i.e., test–retest reliability, internal consistency, discriminant validity) of a recently introduced measure of forms and functions of aggression during emerging adulthood. Aggression subtypes were uniquely associated with indices of personality pathology. For example, proactive (i.e., planned, instrumental or goal-oriented) and reactive (i.e., impulsive, hostile or retaliatory) functions of relational aggression were uniquely associated with borderline personality disorder features even after controlling for functions of physical aggression and gender. The results highlight the differential associations between forms and functions of aggression and indices of personality pathology in typically developing emerging adults.

Outcomes for children who care for a parent with a severe illness or substance abuse

Quantitative studies of children’s caring activities during parental illness have increased in the past 10 years. However, the various outcomes for these children have been investigated less frequently. In the present study, we investigate whether the children have different outcomes when the parent has a severe physical illness, mental illness, or substance abuse and whether any factors are associated with the positive and negative outcomes of the children’s caregiving. This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study. We recruited parents who were out- or inpatients in five public hospitals in Norway as well as their children. The sample included 246 children ages 8–18 and 238 of their parents with a severe physical illness, mental illness, or substance abuse. Ten percent reported negative outcomes at a clinical level of concern, and nearly half of the children reported stress. However, the outcomes were not significantly different across parental illness groups. Positive and negative outcomes were associated with the nature of caring activities (e.g., personal care, financial and practical management, household management), social skills, and perceived external locus of control. Health professionals must provide a more comprehensive and overall assessment of both the parents’ and the children’s needs. To recognize the role taken by the child, an assessment of children’s caring activities and their need for adequate information should be performed. In particular, should the children’s need for follow-up regarding caring activities, respite, and emotional support be assessed to secure their necessary skills and feeling of mastery.     

从大学生体质健康变化趋势的角度洞察高校体育教学改革

高校体育教学作为实施健康教育的主阵地,一直是教学研究的重点内容。但经过比较发现,体育教学改革的进程中,大学生的体质健康水平却在下降,特别是耐力素质下降尤其明显。究其根源,目前的体育教学改革往往局限于形式,而实际的内容没有本质的改变,无法提高体育教学的效果。所以,高校体育教学应在革新竞争机制、创新体育教学理念、丰富体育教学内容、拓展体育教学形式和体育教学模式等方面进行深入革新,以保证体育教学的有效实施,改善目前大学生的体质健康状况。     

浅谈思想教育在体育教学中的运用

思想品德教育是学校教育的重要组成部分,也是体育课应配合教学的要素之一,体育教学不仅能使学生增强体质,提高运动技巧和技能,而且还能发展智力、陶冶情操、锻炼意志,培养学生的全面发展,特别是中等专业学校的学生毕业后将直接进入社会。为了使学生更好、更快地适应社会和工作岗位,作为中等专业学校的体育教育者对学生进行思想教育更为重要。根据体育教学的特点,把思想教育贯穿体育教学之中,使学生在增强体质、学习运动技能的同时提高品德素养。     

A physical therapy environment design concept for children with cerebral palsy in accordance with patient behavior and therapy effectiveness

This research aims to study the effects of interior environmental features on the effectiveness of physical therapy among children with cerebral palsy. The research assumes that interior environment primarily determines the central attention of the patients, which further institutes the level of cooperation and thus the effectiveness of therapy. Distinctive interior settings in three state hospitals are utilized to test the effects of different environmental settings on child patients＇ level of attention. A ＇~structured observation＂ together with an ＂achievement rating＂, measured by the patients＇ cooperative level, are utilized to gauge the success of therapy conducted within the three different environmental settings. Statistical result reveals a pattern of correlative linkages among the interior features, the level of central attention and the effectiveness of therapy. Behavioral responses are found to be positively correlated with the level of patient cooperation. The analysis of behavioral response discloses three types of environmental stimuli--crowding in the treatment rooms, present of particular interior features such as windows, and activities outside the treatment rooms visible to the patients. Desirable response is also found to be increasing along with the number of interior stimulus features. A design guideline for treatment room is finally established. Two groups of interior environmental features could be manipulated to elevate the effectiveness of therapy--the physical environment which includes room size, and the spatial location of therapy activities within the interior environment.