Quality of low secure services in the UK: development and use of the Quality of Environment In Low Secure Services (QELS) checklist

Low secure services provide care for psychiatric patients whose risk cannot be safely managed in other settings. The physical environment in these units plays an important role in supporting recovery and risk management. We developed the Quality of Environment in Low secure Services (QELS) checklist to assess the quality of the physical environment of these services. Using recommendations from previously published standards we piloted a draft checklist with a weighted scoring system reflecting the views of patients and providers. The checklist showed good criterion validity and inter-rater reliability. Data collected from 33 low secure services showed considerable variation in the quality of the physical environment. The QELS checklist provides an accessible and reliable means for managers and clinicians to assess whether the quality of the physical environment of low secure units meets recommended standards and can be used to support efforts to improve the quality of care delivered by these services.     

关于正确定义中国少数民族传统体育文化的研究

为正确定义中国少数民族传统体育文化 ,从民族学、文化学、体育学等多学科角度 ,采用文献法、调查法、逻辑方法展开了研究。得出 :“所谓中国少数民族传统体育文化 ,就是中国 5 5个少数民族在漫长的民族发展历程中 ,本民族原创或虽从其他民族文化中引入 ,但已经历了明显的文化改造、已与本民族文化充分融合、并流传已久的 ,以身体活动为形式 ,以追求身心与精神健康为目的的活动中 ,表现出来的主观意识、客观意识和有意识的行为方式。”     

完善残疾人社会保障制度是健全社会保障体系的重要方面

残疾人是社会弱势群体的重要组成部分,是最需国家、社会保障和救助的群体,完善残疾人平等保障、就业保障和体育、健康保障,对健全整个社会保障体系有至关重要的作用.     

Age at Death Estimation in Adults by Computer-Assisted Histomorphometry of Decalcified Femur Cortex

Abstract:  In 1965, Kerley pioneered histomorphometry of bone as an aging method. The technique has been modified by several authors, and some have used computer-assisted image analysis. Undecalcified bone sections used in these methods are obtained with a diamond wafer saw or by grinding the sections manually or automatically with abrasive paper. In the present study, we examined the application of histomorphometry to decalcified bone sections, routinely obtained in every pathology lab, from paraffin blocks cut with a standard microtome. This study was divided into two parts: in the first, we tested different decalcifying methods to determine the most appropriate for femoral bone; in the second part, we used computer-assisted histomorphometry to estimate age at death in 29 samples of femoral bone. We measured intact osteon density (N.On), fragmented osteon density (N.On.Fg) and percentage of lamellar bone surface per unit area (Lm.B.Ar) in the cortex of the femoral midshaft, on four or 20 fields per section. We found that 20% nitric acid solution at room temperature proved to be the best decalcifying method, with a mean decalcification duration of 1 week. Fragmented osteon density was found to be the morphometric feature most closely correlated with age, followed by intact osteon density; Lm.B.Ar. did not increase accuracy. The best accuracy (4.1 ± 3.5 years) was obtained for individuals under the age of 70 when measurements of 20 fields were used for the analysis. For all individuals, the inaccuracy was 6.1 ± 6.2 years and 8.1 ± 8 years, with 20 and four fields respectively. The present study shows that decalcification of bone sections can be used for age estimation at death. This procedure is particularly useful in case of mass disaster as it is easily done in any pathology department.     

Childhood Physical and Verbal Mistreatment,Psychological Symptoms,and Substance Use: Sex Differences and the Moderating Role of Attachment

Sex differences in sequelae associated with levels of childhood physical mistreatment and verbal mistreatment were examined in a non-clinical sample of 272 university students. We predicted and found that both forms of mistreatment are related to attachment difficulties as well as various adverse psychological symptoms. We hypothesized, based on attachment theory, that the strength of a child’s attachment to one parent would moderate adverse emotional sequelae of mistreatment by the other parent. This prediction was only partially supported. Strength of the mother-daughter attachment moderated several of the adverse psychological symptoms in response to mistreatment by fathers, but mother-son attachment did not so moderate. Strength of the father-son attachment also did not moderate the symptoms associated with mistreatment perpetrated by mothers, nor did the father-daughter attachment. These results suggest that, among other relevant factors, sex differences should also be taken into account in treatment and prevention efforts.     

我国普通高校体育课程改革问题反思与展望

2002年至今,全国高校陆续进行以新<纲要>为指导,进行了"健康第一"为理念的素质教育改革并都取得了丰硕的成果,但是亦出现了许多问题.问题的出现原因很多,需要我们从教育理念上加以探究.     

浅析商业性体育赛事的财务风险管理

商业性体育赛事的组织者要想在激烈的竞争中生存下来,并谋求长足发展,在赛事运作过程中就要尽可能实现"财务状况最优"和"利润最大"。然而,商业性体育赛事运作过程中的存在各种风险,要实现利润最大化,就要尽可能的采取各种措施来规避或减少可能导致损失的各项风险,避免风险造成损失或使损失控制在最小范围内,争取把潜在收益成为现实的可能性,以实现赛事利润最大化的财务管理目标。     

从大学生体质健康变化趋势的角度洞察高校体育教学改革

高校体育教学作为实施健康教育的主阵地,一直是教学研究的重点内容。但经过比较发现,体育教学改革的进程中,大学生的体质健康水平却在下降,特别是耐力素质下降尤其明显。究其根源,目前的体育教学改革往往局限于形式,而实际的内容没有本质的改变,无法提高体育教学的效果。所以,高校体育教学应在革新竞争机制、创新体育教学理念、丰富体育教学内容、拓展体育教学形式和体育教学模式等方面进行深入革新,以保证体育教学的有效实施,改善目前大学生的体质健康状况。     

Incarcerated Mothers of Minor Children: Physical Health,Substance Use,and Mental Health Needs

Mothers of minor children serving sentences in a large Midwestern jail were screened for potential substance use problems and asked to report their physical and mental health status and treatment experiences. Of mothers screened for substance use problems, 72.1% had positive findings on the AUDIT-12, 56.7% reported at least one serious physical health problem, and 67.1% had received mental health treatment. More than two-thirds (68.8%) of the 240 mothers reported a co-occurring condition, and a third (33.8%) reported problems in all three spheres (substance use, mental health, and physical health). The relationship among the three health-related problems is examined as well as the characteristics of mothers related to having co-occurring health conditions. Given that the overwhelming majority of mothers reported more than one health-related problem, the changes to policy and practice need to avoid simplistic solutions.     

Comparison of Abuse Alleged by Same- and Opposite-Gender Litigants as Cited in Requests for Abuse Prevention Orders

Domestic violence is commonly portrayed as something male batterers do to their female victims. Much research excludes study of female-perpetrated violence. This study develops a two-gender measure of abuse as documented by requests for protection. All nonimpounded Abuse Prevention Orders (M.G.L. c. 209A) issued in Massachusetts' Gardner District Court in the year 1997 were analyzed by gender to examine the level and types of violence alleged by plaintiffs. The level and types of violence were categorized and measured by examining Abuse Claimed Checkboxes found on each Complaint for Protection and by applying quantitative scales to affidavits, or plaintiff statements, filed as part of each request for protection. Despite widespread misconceptions that tend to minimize female abuse, examination of these court documents shows that male and female defendants, who were the subject of a complaint in domestic relation cases, while sometimes exhibiting different aggressive tendencies, measured almost equally abusive in terms of the overall level of psychological and physical aggression.