The Serbian Opposition and Civil Society: Roots of the Delayed Transition in Serbia

The article discusses the reasons for the ten-year delay in the democratic transition in Serbia, focusing in particular on opposition parties and civil society. It argues that the policy of opposition parties was partly responsible for the failure of an earlier fall of the Miloevic regime. While civil society has been similarly weak and divided, the article details how a number of NGOs proved to be crucial in the coordinated campaign which lead to the overthrow of the Miloevic regime in October 2000.     

西方国家审前司法审查制度比较研究－－兼论建立我国审前司法审查制度

英美与法德等西方国家建立审前司法审查制度,对侦检机关在审前程序中的追诉行为实施司法审查,以平衡诉讼结构,保护公民的基本权益。但在我国的审前程序中却不存在这种司法审查制度,使我国审前程序丧失基本的诉讼性格,因此,有必要建立我国的审前司法审查制度。     

农村合作基金会的法律规制

对农村合作基金会的法律规制以其法律定位“社区性资金互助合作组织”为中心 ,有内外二条路径 ,内部路径是建设健全农村合作基金会的组织机构 ,外部途径是加强对农村合作基金会的监管。内部途径以自治、民主管理、有利监督、法人化为其价值取向 ,并借鉴成熟的机构制衡原理以发挥其整体效能 ;外部监督由农业行政管理部门实施 ,在设立审批、登记管理、证照与年检管理、负责人与从业人员资质管理、业务范围与业务规则的管理等多方面进行。内外两种规制方式的有机结合 ,能确保农村合作基金会社区性、合作性的本质 ,真正发挥其对现行金融体制拾遗补缺的功用 ,促进农村社会的经济发展     

“亲亲相隐”与证人拒绝作证制度

由于证人与被证明人之间的某种特定关系,如夫妻关系、律师与当事人的关系、医生与病人的关系等’等,使其作证不仅损害天伦或职业道德,而且其证言可靠性也大打折扣。对此,中国古代便形成了一套完整的以“亲亲相隐”为核心的亲属之间的举证制度。欧美一些国家在证据制度中也确立了证人拒绝作证制度。证人拒绝作证制度作为一项重要的证据法律制度,对于有效地保护公民人权,捍卫传统的伦理道德无疑有着积极的意义和不可低估的作用。     

陕西国有资产管理体制和运行机制研究

陕西国有资产管理体制构想:统一归属,分类监管;党政一体,“三管”结合;政企分开,三层营运;属地纳税,收益分流。资本运营应规范和有效控制授权监督机制、“三管”结合机制、业积考核与评价机制。     

科举制——一个信任角度的浅析

科举制作为一种选拔官吏的制度始于隋朝 ,废止于清朝 ,穿越了中国古代十几个世纪的时间隧道。从“信任”视角对其发生、发展直至消亡的过程进行考察 ,可以分为人格信任阶段、非人格信任阶段、非人格信任系统遭瓦解这样几个阶段。     

The New Water Legislation of Zimbabwe and South Africa – Comparison of Legal and Institutional Reform

Recently, several new pieces of water legislation have been promulgated in both Zimbabwe and the Republic of South Africa. The new acts are an attempt to correct injustices of a colonial past and to trigger development towards effective, equitable and efficient integrated water resources management influenced by the policy decisions in Agenda 21 and the need to respect economic and social human rights. This article aims at identifying and describing factors of prime importance in the process of legal and institutional reform. Major factors are earmarked and derived from the proceedings in Zimbabwe and are compared with the situation in South Africa. Thorough analysis by the author of proceedings, preambles, memoranda, legislation and addenda has induced roughly 5 major reform issues: The call for equitable water distribution based on a widely consented water resources management strategy; The need for effective and efficient integrated water resources management conducive to stakeholder participation through decentralisation processes; The redressing of legal shortcomings in former water legislation with the emphasis on the introduction of integrated approaches; The introduction of instruments of cost recovery for water resources management; The need to develop human resources capacity and institutional strength within the implementing agencies.For both Southern African states, these issues appear to be of comparable importance as major triggers for legal and institutional reform, although not always in the same sense.The resulting most important legal and institutional changes are presented, discussed and compared. Finally, prospects for and constraints on implementation of the new water legislation in these countries are compared.     

Distributive Justice and Crime

The heavy concentration of crime on a few areas, and the concentration on the chronically victimised within those areas, together illustrate the gross inequality of the risk of crime victimisation. This inequality also characterises other hazards of life. Criminology has too often reduced the problem of crime to the problem of the offender. Recognising crime hazard as an issue of distributive justice requires a different mind set. The Crime and Disorder Act 1998 recognises the drivers of crime as lying outside criminal justice, but does not put in place a panhazard analysis of the kind required, community safety being presented as a type of crime prevention. Movement towards panhazard thinking may well be somewhat facilitated by the workingthrough of the incorporation of the European Convention on Human Rights, actions flowing from section 17 of the Crime and Disorder Act, and a reconsideration of how emergency services might work.     

“以德治国”的理论意义及其实践

认真学习领会江泽民同志"以德治国"思想的理论意义,对于我们建立与社会主义市场相适应,与社会主义法律相配套的思想道德体系,具有重大实践指导意义.     

浅谈对国有企业经营者行为约束机制的构造

企业经营者是企业从事经营活动的心脏和灵魂,其行为不仅影向着企业经营管理的好坏,而且还决定着企业经营活动的成败.现实中,由于对企业经营者行为约束软化,致使企业经营管理效率低下、企业效益下滑的事例比比皆是.造成对企业经营者约束软化的原因主要有国有资产所有者人格化代表不到位;政企不分,经营者重在经营"主管部门";公司治理结构不规范;权责利关系不明确,激励约束机制不健全等四个方面.为此,必须对经营者行为约束机制从内部和外部两方面进行重新构造.