现代城市夜景规划设计初探

我国设计师从80年代初开始对城市夜景进行研究,但研究的侧重点局限子景观照明领域。本文根据近几年来城市夜景景观建设过程中产生的问题,从对城市夜景观与夜景规划设计的认识出发,力图把城市设计理论与实际相结合。在城市夜景景观规划设计领域提出初步的理论构想。     

The Santa Clara County Greenbook Story: From Theory to Transformation

This article is an overview of the past 20 years, from a judicial perspective, of how a discreet selection of Greenbook recommendations were implemented in Santa Clara County, California. This historical overview shows that it is possible to take a guidebook written by national experts from many jurisdictions and tailor the intervention to a particular location with the assistance of local leadership. We applied a theoretical framework to government agency interventions and to the very real needs of families, and that process resulted in a profound transformation of practice.     

多元治理视野下的多规合一——以浙江省试点县（市）为例

文章运用一元为主、多元辅补的多元治理理论分析方法,对浙江省试点县（市）“多规合一”的协调机制、编制主体、审批机制和空间管控进行了系统分析,总结提炼出“多规合一”四方面的成效,为今后其他地区“多规合一”编制工作提供经验借鉴。研究发现：一是试点地区“多规合一”的成效明显;二是本文将多中心治理理论中国化为“一元为主、多元辅补”的多元治理的理论,并用以分析“多规合一”的现状、成果、缺憾及完善路径是有效的。因此,文章研究结论为现行“多规合一”还需要从政策法律体系、编制机构和公众参与等方面完善。     

Towards systematic knowledge building: An anti-crime research and development continuum

This response argues that the National Research Council (NRC) report, while valuable and thorough, would have benefited from conceptualizing evaluation activities along a continuum of knowledge development, with evaluations initially verifying the effectiveness of program concepts, before moving to evaluations of the feasibility and generalizability of anti-crime strategies and, finally, to evaluations of the costs and benefits of implementation of new strategies.

简论科学管理创新的四大功能

科学管理是作为一种生产力因素,在生产力系统的形成、运行和发展中发挥创新功能的。这种创新功能表现在:它不仅是整合生产力各要素形成创新功能的前提,而且是将生产力各要素的潜在创新“能量”转化为现实创新“能力”的条件;不仅是运筹生产力各要素创新能力的手段,而且还是进一步扩张生产力系统创新功能的内在活力。     

统筹城乡发展与解决宁夏“三农”难题

十六届三中全会提出了"五个统筹",其中将"统筹城乡发展"放在首位.这表明,建设现代化农业、发展农村经济、增加农民收入是新时期解决"三农"问题的一个重大课题.统筹城乡经济社会发展是解决宁夏"三农"难题的治本之策,也是宁夏全面实现小康社会的必由之路,更是增强宁夏综合实力的重要途径.     

计划生育政策的推行与农村妇代会组织的异化——基于河南宇县的调查分析

本文以河南宇县为个案,考察了计划生育政策的推行与农村妇代会异化间的关系,认为计划生育从结构、功能和认同三个角度侵蚀并解构了妇代会的原本属性,给妇女整合带来了负面影响。异化的机理是,在各种政治压力、利益导向和信息传递作用下,国家、村庄、妇女干部三个层面的治理和行为都倾斜于计划生育工作。最后,本文还简单分析了近年来实施的计生管理员办法对妇代会的冲击并提出了应对举措。     

城市空间利益的正当分配——从规划行政许可侵犯相邻权益案切入

高速城市化和城市土地上多元权益结构的形成,催生了开发过程中城市空间利益分配问题.对此,私法上相邻关系规则和民事诉讼制度已不敷使用.行政法的第三人效力制度和理论,拓展出利害关系人行政诉讼.但是,对我国典型案例和样本判决的解析表明,法院将主观权利保护诉求处理成了客观合法性监督,从而减弱了原告资格扩张的意义,而行政过程中的程序权利和行政许可审查内容公开也未能形成利益的实体权衡机制.这种局限性使得作为裁判依据的城市规划和技术标准变得相对关键,其利益权衡机制的确立至关重要.这就形成了城市空间利益正当分配的多阶机制和连续过程,它在行政的合法性证成的传统模式基础上拓展了行政的正当性证成机制.     

Contextual Factors Influencing Collaboration Levels and Outcomes in National Forest Stewardship Contracting

The number of policies promoting collaborative processes in national forest management has increased considerably over the past decade but do mandates alone increase the levels of collaboration in national forest management? Collaborative governance literature identifies the importance of the situational context for the emergence and performance of collaboration but does not identify the role of specific attributes and processes. This article presents a comparative case‐study analysis of factors influencing levels of collaboration in USDA Forest Service stewardship contracting processes. Incorporating concepts from the collaborative governance literature and Institutional Analysis and Development framework we found policy and administrative guidance alone will not increase the use of collaborative processes associated with stewardship contracts. A combination of existing agency‐community planning efforts, leadership, and agency support were essential for collaboration to materialize. Top‐down policy direction meant to increase the use of collaboration to achieve natural resource management objectives must incorporate opportunities to establish these conditions.     

The historical evolution of settlement patterns and trends in South Africa: Unlocking the log-jam of the unsustainable settlements impasse

Abstract

This article ascertains the underlying causes of the persistence of unsustainable settlement patterns and trends in post-apartheid South Africa. Despite positive development planning policy intentions in the post-apartheid South Africa, glaring deprivation and spatial inequality has persisted. The article is grounded in a chronological analysis of demographic, functional and regional economic dynamics at the different epochs of South Africa's history as well as the settlement policy and planning intentions. Its main finding is that the persistence of unsustainable settlement patterns and trends in post-apartheid South Africa is largely a result of misplaced settlement policies and strategies. They give knee-jerk responses to global, regional, national and local dynamics shaping settlement patterns and trends. The recommendation is that development planning initiatives should be informed by the dialectics of settlement facets at local, regional, national and global levels for them to deal decisively with the historical problem of unsustainable patterns and trends.