社区警务建设刍议

实施社区警务是当今国际警务改革的大趋势 ,也是我国警务改革的主流方向。适应我国社会主义市场经济建设的需要 ,构筑具有时代特征、中国特色、地方特点的社区警务战略与模式是新时期警务工作的基本要求。     

Indigenismo and the Avant‐garde: Jorge Sanjinés' Early Films and the National Project

Jorge Sanjinés' 1960s films Revolución and Ukamau challenge the class and ethnic hierarchies of Bolivian society by casting the proletarian and indigenous masses as revolutionary liberators. The new national imaginary they evoke is tightly bound to the experimental cinematic techniques they employ, since their rejection of rationalist, realist aesthetics signals a partial undermining of the linear time of the modern nation. Ukamau both recalls and resists previous Bolivian indigenismo, which sought to co‐opt the Indian into a national mestizo consciousness. Its exoticist portrayal of the Indian ultimately limits its political effectiveness, but textual and contextual analyses show subversive Indian agency leaking through.     

A CROSS‐NATIONAL TEST OF BONGER'S THEORY OF CRIMINALITY AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS*

Using international data for 100 countries, we test two hypotheses derived from Bonger's Marxian theory of crime. The analyses support the hypothesis that the degree of capitalism significantly predicts homicide rates, but they fail to confirm that the de‐moralization of the population (loss of moral feelings for others) mediates the relationship between capitalism and homicide. Although capitalism is not the best predictor among those considered, overall, the results underline the importance of Bonger's ideas because both capitalism and corruption (our indicator of de‐moralization) show reasonably strong relationships with homicide rates and compete with other variables commonly used as predictors of international homicide rates. The results confirm the usefulness of attempting to subject Marxian ideas to positivist, quantitative tests, with an eye to integrating Marxian theories with other mainstream theories, such as institutional anomie theory.     

民国山西警政建设研究

民国山西警政建设经历了四个发展阶段,每一阶段都有其发展特点和重点,并在管理体制、警察教育、乡村警政建设、警察的职能等方面有一定特色,这些都对现代警政建设有重要的借鉴价值。     

WHERE IS THE VILLAGE GOING? MAINTAINING AND INCLUDING CULTURAL STRENGTHS TO PROTECT CHILDREN ORPHANED IN KENYA

This article is the result of a master's thesis about children and their universal right to be included in a family environment. This is not only protected under international law, but also intuitive to human beings. HIV‐AIDS continues to threaten lives of children, particularly in sub‐Saharan Africa in the form of orphaning. Looking at a case study from Kenya, it is revealed that, while legal protection is yet to be fully realized in the state, strong cultural norms of value are alive. Currently, the extended family system is the greatest protection to children orphaned or at risk of being orphaned. However, this system was made invisible in the domestic laws of Kenya under the Children Act 2001. This neglect calls for questions not only regarding the protection cultural norms may offer, according to the best interests of children, but also as to the cultural environment being created with the new law.     

中美警务技能战术教学训练之比较

加强中美警察在警务技能战术教学训练的研究,对中美警察警务技能与战术的课程设置、教学内容及训练方法、教官队伍建设等多方面加以比较,提出学习美国警察在警务技能战术教学训练方面先进的经验和做法,以促进我国警察在技能战术教学训练方面的发展     

PREDICTING WHO REOFFENDS: THE NEGLECTED ROLE OF NEIGHBORHOOD CONTEXT IN RECIDIVISM STUDIES*

Prior studies of recidivism have focused almost exclusively on individual‐level characteristics of offenders and their offenses to explore the correlates of reoffending. Notably absent from these studies are measures reflecting the neighborhood contexts in which individuals live. The current research addresses this shortcoming. Using data on a sample of ex‐offenders in Multnomah County, Oregon (Portland and surrounding area) in conjunction with 2000 census data, we answer two questions. First, which individual‐level factors influence rates of recidivism? Second, to what extent does neighborhood socioeconomic status account for variation in the reoffending behavior of ex‐prisoners that is not explained by their individual‐level characteristics? We find that those who return to disadvantaged neighborhoods recidivate at a greater rate while those who return to resource rich or affluent communities recidivate at a lesser rate, controlling for individual‐level factors.     

试谈努力探索公安基层基础工作新机制

不断探索公安基层基础工作新机制 ,加强公安基层基础工作 ,以适应市场经济发展特别是入世后对公安工作的要求 ,具有十分重要的意义。怀化市各级公安机关进一步解放思想 ,更新观念 ,与时俱进 ,大胆探索 ,开创出了一条公安基层基础工作的新思路 ,在全市城乡普遍推行民情社情警务图管理 ,较好地服务了经济建设 ,取得了显著成效。     

警务化管理与学生的个性发展--由毕业生写给母校的一封信引发的思考

某省公安院校一位毕业生写信给母校 ,指责学校警务化管理体制抑制了学生的个性发展。其实只要从素质教育理念出发 ,警务化管理与学生个性发展并不矛盾 ,它与学生的个性发展可以并行不悖。抑制学生个性发展的呼声实际上是公安院校就业难的侧面反映。     

构建警察信用——对我国目前警察信用状况的探讨

诚实信用是社会道德的基石。警察活动中可以有条件地允许利诱 ,有限制地使用带有欺骗性要素的侦查谋略。但警察行为具有一种社会示范作用 ,若侦查谋略使用不当 ,可能损害公民仅利 ,损害社会善良风俗 ,而且也会损害刑事司法效益甚至整个国家的信用体系。因此 ,警察信用原则应该在警察活动中得到贯彻实施。