Street-level drug law enforcement: A meta-analytical review⋆

Our paper presents the results of a meta-analytical review of street level drug law enforcement. We conducted a series of meta-analyses to compare and contrast the effectiveness of four types of drug law enforcement approaches, including community-wide policing, problem-oriented/partnership approaches that were geographically focused, hotspots policing and standard, unfocused law enforcement efforts. We examined the relative impact of these different crime control tactics on street-level drug problems as well as associated problems such as property crime, disorder and violent crime. The results of the meta-analyses, together with examination of forest plots, reveal that problem-oriented policing and geographically-focused interventions involving cooperative partnerships between police and third parties tend to be more effective at controlling drug problems than community-wide policing efforts that are unfocused and spread out across a community. But geographically focused and community-wide drug law enforcement interventions that leverage partnerships are more effective at dealing with drug problems than traditional, law enforcement-only interventions. Our results suggest that the key to successful drug law enforcement lies in the capacity of the police to forge productive partnerships with third parties rather than simply increasing police presence or intervention (e.g., arrests) at drug hotspots.

Comparing Wife Abuse Perceptions Between Chinese Police Officers and Social Workers

Seventy-one Chinese social workers and 74 Chinese police officers residing in Hong Kong were surveyed on their gender-role attitudes, endorsement of wife abuse myths, and definitions of wife abuse. Results showed that compared to social workers, police officers held more conservative gender-role attitudes, endorsed more myths about wife abuse, and adopted more restrictive definitions of physical and psychological wife abuse. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that definitions of wife abuse were related to different predictors for these two groups of professionals. Among social workers, egalitarian gender-role attitudes were a significant predictor of broad definitions of physical wife abuse, but no significant predictor was found for psychological wife abuse. Among police officers, significant predictors of definitions of physical wife abuse included marital status, educational attainment, and endorsement of wife abuse myths; gender-role attitudes were the only significant predictor of definitions of psychological wife abuse.     

A Re-examination of the Effects of Biased Lineup Instructions in Eyewitness Identification

A meta-analytic review of research comparing biased and unbiased instructions in eyewitness identification experiments showed an asymmetry, specifically that biased instructions led to a large and consistent decrease in accuracy in target-absent lineups, but produced inconsistent results for target-present lineups, with an average effect size near zero (N. M. Steblay, 1997). The results for target-present lineups are surprising, and are inconsistent with statistical decision theories (i.e., D. M. Green & J. A. Swets, 1966). A re-examination of the relevant studies and the meta-analysis of those studies shows clear evidence that correct identification rates do increase with biased lineup instructions, and that biased witnesses make correct identifications at a rate considerably above chance. Implications for theory, as well as police procedure and policy, are discussed.     

新时期加强以德治警的对策和思考

"以德治警"方针是"以德治国"方略贯彻到公安队伍建设中的充分体现,是一种辩证的治警理念."德治"观和以德治警有着深刻的内涵,当务之急是探讨坚持以德治警的必要性,尤其是加强以德治警的主要对策.     

新加坡与美国的军事合作关系

在军事战略方面,新加坡已成为美国亚太安全岛链中的重要角色,成为美国防范恐怖主义和围堵中国的棋局中的一个棋子.本文通过军事合作与地缘战略两项因素,分析新加坡与美国的军事合作关系.本文研究发现:第一,新加坡正在取代此前菲律宾的地位,成为美国在亚太地区前沿部署的关键性角色;第二,美国对于新加坡的武器输出,已经超出"防御武器"的限制;第三,在"9·11"事件之后,新加坡宣布与美国站在同一阵线,共同对抗恐怖主义.也就是说,由于地缘战略的重要性,美国正借与新加坡的军事合作,使其成为美国亚太安全岛链的一环.     

论公安本科德育发展的人文指向

公安本科的德育要以人文指向为其发展目标。这种目标的定位有其必要性和必然性。德育人文指向的必要性扣必然性 决定了要采取具体的措施推动人文指向目标的实现。     

关于公安院校建立课内外体育俱乐部的研究

学校体育教学的不断深化发展,"健康第一"指导思想的确定,同样给公安院校体育课堂和课外体育活动提出了新的要求。文章结合公安院校体育教学现状,提出建立课内、外体育俱乐部的必要性,可行性以及经营、管理的方式、方法等。     

关于提高警察勤务效益的几点思考

在经济迅速发展的新形势下,影响社会治安稳定的因素正日益增多,而警察勤务工作自身亦存在诸多问题,致使工作捉襟见肘,效益低下,无法很好地适应当前形势的需要。要改变这种被动局面,就需要从勤务体制、警力资源、科技信息、警民关系、个体素质、保障机制、勤务模式等方面入手,解决"瓶颈性"或障碍性的矛盾,进一步提高警察勤务效益,维护政治安定和社会治安稳定的大局。     

公安高校"形势与政策"课教学现状及教改思考

"形势与政策"课既是公安高校课程设置的公共必修课,也是公安高校培养合格预备警官的一门专业基础课.针对这门课程的教学现状,教学改革的思路是明确教学指导思想,确立其学科地位;把握课程主要特点,确定其科学的体系结构;注重教学条件建设,改进教学方法手段,提高教师素质,加强师资队伍建设.     

转型时期维护监狱民警心理健康的思考

随着监狱系统行刑理念的不断进步 ,监狱人民警察的心理健康状况逐渐引起了监狱机关及其社会的关注。通过对监狱民警心理状况进行调查 ,转型时期监狱民警普遍存在的心理问题 ,不仅直接影响了他们工作潜能的发挥 ,而且也直接影响到了监狱改造工作的质量和效果。探索和研究减轻监狱民警心理压力的对策 ,促使他们保持心理健康 ,已成为促进监狱民警素质建设、提高执法水平和教育改造质量的关键所在。