测谎结论在我国刑事诉讼中的证据价值

随着科技的进步,测谎技术出现并且在一定程度上应用于司法领域。目前,测谎技术在刑事侦查中有助于捕捉犯罪心理痕迹,及时准确地排除无辜,缩小摸排的范围,提高办案效率。但是测谎结论是否应该作为刑事证据被法庭采用,在目前的中国,应当慎重。     

测谎结论在民事诉讼中具有可采性吗?——兼论江苏淮安中院再审崔景涛诉陈德勤借款纠纷案

本文引用民事诉讼测谎运用最为典型的案例,即江苏淮安中院再审崔景涛诉陈德勤借款纠纷案,首先列出反对者对测谎在该案例中的应用所提出的质疑,主要集中在测谎结论的证据属性和证明力两方面,接着本文相应地从这两方面为测谎结论在该案例中的应用证成。     

论测谎结论在民事诉讼中的应用

在科技发展的今天,测谎仪的运用越来越广泛,测谎结论的法律地位的确定成为证据法中一个不容忽视的问题。在司法实践中,当出现新的表现形态的证据材料时,不能因为与法律罗列的证据种类在概念上难以契合就剥夺其证据能力。测谎结论符合证据的"客观性、关联性、合法性"要求,测谎结论可以作为间接证据使用,用以加强法官内心确信和帮助法官审查、判断其他证据。     

“一对一”贿赂犯罪侦查的认知脑电测谎

贿赂犯罪特点是犯罪过程预谋化、犯罪手段隐秘化、犯罪心理复杂化。研究认为贿赂涉案者的犯罪准备周期长、过程复杂增加了认知负载,有利于诱发案件相关信息特征性的脑电位;贿赂犯罪行为隐秘、涉及人—钱—物等记忆强度大使监控脑电变得相对困难,但有利于将特定的与案件相关特征性的脑电位和特定犯罪人相联系;贿赂涉案者被测谎时涉案认知预备增强、对贿赂行为的警觉性增高,使比对欺骗脑电更加容易。认知脑电测谎以其无法回避科学性强、准确率高、难以伪装等特点,为贿赂犯罪侦查提供了一种更加有效的新途径。     

略论特殊物品的估价鉴定

在刑事诉讼中,特殊物品的估价鉴定往往会遇到缺少鉴定标准、鉴定手段等问题,而导致无法对一些犯罪作出正确的裁断。特殊物品因为其特殊的性质,应该具有与一般物品相区别的特殊估价程序。     

在心理测试中犯罪心理画像的应用

犯罪心理画像作为一项将心理学和侦查相结合的技术,不仅对特定类型的案件侦破具有应用价值,在一般案件的侦破工作中,如果合理运用,同样能够发挥其应有的作用。     

测谎与心理学的关系

测谎与心理学的关系是密不可分的。通过对认知、情绪、意志、心理活动、神经系统等方面的分析 ,阐明了心理学是测谎理论的基础 ,测谎是心理学的技术应用。     

数字化描述指纹鉴定结论的初探

目的 针对指纹鉴定常用的5类纹型所占的概率、4类细节特征点所占的概率及4类细节特征点组合概率,探讨用数字计算出指纹鉴定结论相同概率的方法.方法 取已破案件被比中人员中具有5类纹型及4类细节特征点的指纹1000人份,分为10组,每组100人份进行概率分析.结果 指纹的5类纹型、4类细节特征点及组合概率存在稳定的规律.结论 可以数字化描述指纹鉴定结论.     

Application of the clinical polygraph examination to the assessment,treatment and monitoring of sex offenders

Abstract

Post Conviction Clinical Polygraph Examination Testing (Lie Detector Testing) offers significant opportunities for assessing, treating and monitoring sex offenders. This article briefly reviews the historical development of polygraph techniques including the physiological measures employed, the administration of the polygraph and the interpretation of data collected. Criticisms of polygraphy are explored and information concerning the scientific acceptability of these procedures is given. The current influence of polygraphy in sex offender work is reviewed. Evidence is given of the utility of polygraphy in reducing denial, improving treatment outcomes and more effectively supervising sex offenders on probation or license. Cost benefit considerations are examined, as well as the need for further controlled research and future regulation of the polygraph, if it is to be introduced in Britain. Planned UK Trials are described.     

Extracting Concealed Information from Groups*

Abstract: Lie detection procedures are typically aimed at determining guilt or innocence of a single suspect. Serious security threats, however, often involve groups, such as terrorist networks or criminal organizations. In this report, we describe a variant of the skin conductance‐based Concealed Information Test (CIT) that allows for the extraction of critical information from such groups. Twelve participants were given information about an upcoming (mock) terrorist attack, with specific instructions not to reveal this information to anyone. Next, each subject was subjected to a CIT, with questions pertaining to the details of the attack. Results showed that for every question, the average skin conductance response to the correct answer option differed significantly (p < 0.05) from those to all other options. These results show that the information about the upcoming attack could be extracted from the group of terror suspects as a whole.