猫源弓形虫虫株的分离与鉴定

将猫的心、脑、舌用盐酸-胃蛋白酶溶液消化处理后接种小白鼠,经连续传代分离弓形虫虫株,用特异PCR方法对所分离的虫株进行了鉴定。分别从24只猫的样品中分离出8株弓形虫虫株,用弓形虫种特异的PCR方法对8个虫株进行鉴定,均得到弓形虫的特异条带;测序证明所扩增出的DNA片段确为弓形虫的核糖体DNA第一内转录间隔区(ITS-1)部分序列。研究结果表明,将动物组织用盐酸-胃蛋白酶溶液消化处理后接种小白鼠是一种分离弓形虫虫株较为理想的方法,特异PCR方法能准确、快速地鉴定弓形虫虫株。     

浅析流动人口的犯罪倾向

本文分析了流动人口犯罪的特征 ,指出流动人口犯罪的原因有 :社会控制力的弱化 ;流动人口社会适应性较弱以及我们打击流动人口犯罪乏力 ;最后认为只有从解决流动人口面临的困难与打击少数流动人口犯罪着手 ,双管齐下 ,才能遏止流动人口犯罪高涨的问题     

浅析建立企业年金的必要性

社会保障体系改革不仅要解决原有保障制度历史遗留问题,更重要的是应该着眼于未来。构造新型社会保障体系以促进我国转型后市场经济的健康发展,不仅需要加快建立城镇职工基本养老保险制度,同时还要积极发展企业年金。     

违约救济的多种模式以及我国的选择

在违约救济领域存在着多种模式,理论上较为完善的有大陆模式、英美模式以及国际模式三种。我国在借鉴的过程中,不仅要分析这些模式本身的利弊,还要考虑自身的条件和需求。鉴于大陆模式更有助于培养诚信意识、建立交易秩序并且对法官的依赖较少,所以应当成为我们主要的制度渊源。     

Agrarian transformation in the Russian breadbasket: contemporary trends as manifest in Stavropol'

A team of US and Russian geographers combines field observations with satellite imagery in an examination of how major trends in Russian agriculture are manifest in one of Russia's most productive agricultural regions: Stavropol' Kray. A nationwide pattern of agricultural consolidation during the 1990s (featuring rural depopulation and a reduction in cultivated area and herd sizes upon the termination of Soviet-era subsidization levels) has had decidedly different outcomes in different parts of the vast Russian countryside. This paper – using Stavropol' as a surrogate for regions which by physical attributes, location, and human capital are best positioned to support agricultural activity – identifies a number of developments that may signal a new growth trajectory for agriculture in Russia: evolving specialization of former socialized farms in response to market conditions (in Stavropol' involving the shrinkage of animal husbandry and the release of surplus labor); increased levels of absentee (corporate) ownership of farmland in the more favorable locations; decoupling of the economic fate of large farms (success) from local municipal budgets (deficiency); and the expansion of non-Russian ethnic communities in the countryside, with attendant land use changes.     

中国户籍制度改革的取向与步骤——基于户籍功能的分析

户籍的传统功能是经济功能和管理功能,经济功能是指资源配置和赋税征收,管理职能主要是社会治安管理。在市场经济条件下,由于流动人口会产生"人户分离",由此导致户籍传统功能的缺失。改革现行户籍制度就是要建立一个以人的指纹等生物特征为基本内容的、以计算机管理为手段的户籍系统,在"户籍信息"和"特定个人"之间建立联系,恢复户籍的经济功能和管理功能。     

Typing of 49 autosomal SNPs by SNaPshot in the Slovenian population

A total of 157 unrelated individuals residing in Slovenia were typed for 49 of the autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the SNPforID 52plex with the SNaPshot^® assay. We obtained full SNP profiles in all but one individual and perfect concordance was obtained in duplicated analyses. Allele frequencies are presented for the 49 SNPs. No deviation from HWE was observed for any SNP. F_IS and F_ST were estimated. A principal coordinate analysis performed on six populations (Slovenian, Danish, Somali, Greenland, Turkish and Chinese) showed that the Slovenian population grouped with the Danish population. The mean power of discrimination for the Slovenian population was 1.1 × 10⁻¹⁹, and the mean exclusion probability for trios was 99.96%.     

Natural population movement and marriage restrictions and hindrances in Styria in the 17th to 19th centuries

To marry has never been an egalitarian option or everybody's wish. There have always been calculations or considerations, structural or individual hindrances and even societal restrictions for individuals to get married despite wishing to do so. Without any doubt and apart from the debate on determination or love and free choice in former times, to marry has always been a societal event, a mutual relationship between personal wishes and societal environmental expectations.And apart from all the debates on paradoxes in modernization processes, it is clear that in pre-modern times societal marriage restrictions were widespread.It is very unlikely that people should have been forbidden to marry because they should not have sexual contacts, just for morality reasons. The keys have been considerations and calculations on reproductivity, economic and social resources, social and human capital. This paper deals with aggregated vital data from four parishes in Styria, Austria, covering the outgoing 17th century until the end of the 19th century, in order to detect hints of marriage restrictions.The paper proves the well-known variety of marriage systems in pre-industrial and pre-modern times. It supports the idea that the presence of marriage restrictions hindered population growth, but the absence of such restrictions did not automatically foster more societal transparency and developmental chances in a modern sense, as mortality and inequality were very strong factors in pre-modern agrarian societies. In the end, the question of marriage restrictions was apparently posed and answered by privileged groups.     

Construction and application of four fluorescence labeled multiplex typing system for 3 miniSTR loci

We constructed a multiplex PCR system for 3 miniSTR loci D20S482, D3S3053, D6S474. This typing system showed high stability and sensitivity (0.05 ng). Population data investigated in 120 healthy unrelated Chinese Han individuals showed higher genetic polymorphism, with the combined power of discrimination and power of exclusion being 0.998 and 0.84. The amplification product length ranged from 88 bp to 127 bp for all three loci. The successful rate of typing highly degraded samples using this miniSTR multiplex PCR system was significantly higher than using identifiler kit, indicating the multiplex set represents a useful tool in Chinese forensic practice, especially for the highly degraded DNA sample.     

执行罚详探

为了实现国家行政管理目标,保障行政法义务得到及时的履行,执行罚起着举足轻重的作用。实践中存在的天价滞纳金现象显然违背了这一制度设计的初衷,因此有必要对此制度进行详细的探寻,以保障行政主体及时实现行政行为的内容和有效避免相对人的权益受到不应有的损害。