Gary Becker’s economics of population: reproduction and neoliberal biopolitics

This paper argues that Chicago School economist Gary Becker’s theory of fertility underpins contemporary rationalities of global population governance. Drawing on feminist critiques of biopolitics, the paper proposes reproduction as a missing link that ties Becker’s homo economicus to the aggregate question of population. It argues that Becker’s work challenged macroeconomic theories of fertility by figuring reproduction, and hence population patterns, as governed by the personal utility-maximizing decisions of individuals. It further examines how his approach to fertility inaugurated reproductive decision-making as a regulatory node of population quality, one also tied to a particular sex, race and class politics. Finally, the paper briefly analyses the relationship between Becker’s contribution and today’s focus on women’s reproductive and productive decision-making in population governance in the context of development.     

Rib Variation at Multiple Locations and Implications for Histological Age Estimation*

Existing histological age estimation methods using the rib were developed mainly from the midshaft; however, in forensic practice, uncertainty of sampling location often arises due to fragmented or previously sampled ribs. The potential for error increases when sampling location is uncertain and utilizing a section beyond the midshaft (either anterior or posterior) may result in erroneous age estimates. Additionally, there is debate within the field regarding the minimum number of sections needed for accurate age estimation. The aim of this research is to determine the importance of the midshaft distinction for age-at-death assessment and the necessity of analyzing serial sections by evaluating histological variables at sampling locations along the length of the rib. Three seriated histological sections at three sampling locations (anterior, midshaft, and posterior) were obtained from sixth ribs of ten postmortem human subjects. Cortical area (Ct.Ar) and osteon population density (OPD) were collected from each section (n = 90). Significant differences were determined in Ct.Ar between sampling locations, demonstrating the variation present along the length of the rib. A comparison of OPD at sampling locations revealed significant differences, suggesting that sampling site is critical to accurate age estimates. When sampling location is uncertain, a more anterior section should be taken. Analysis of serial sections within locations revealed no significant differences in OPD or Ct.Ar, supporting the practice of collecting data from one section for age estimation. While an age estimate can be achieved through the analysis of one section, best practice suggests reading two sections to capture intraindividual variation.     

流动人口犯罪控制论

二十世纪八十年代后期至九十年代初 ,流动人口成为中国的重大社会问题。流动人口在促进社会经济发展的同时 ,犯罪现象也十分严重 ,给社会治安增添了新的不安定因素 ,加剧了城市基础设施的紧张 ,交通问题空前突出 ,同时也给计划生育增加了难度。由此可见 ,要控制流动人口犯罪问题 ,从流动人口犯罪的现状特点、原因分析、控制方略等方面入手 ,应是我们公安机关以及社会职能部门工作的重点。     

流动不稳定人口违法状况及治安管理对策

流动人口中没有稳定职业和固定住所的不稳定人群已经在流入地形成了比较严重的治安隐患。因此,应当在庞大的流动人口中重点加强对不稳定人群的管理,在总结流动不稳定人口违法状况的基础上,提出相应的治安管理对策。     

经济发达地区的出租屋管理模式及法律问题思考

在经济发达地区，外来人口已经分化成为外来常住人口和外来流动人口。外来常住人口的工作和居所比较固定，相对来说配合管理。而外来流动人口则相对流动性较大，工作和居所不固定。除住在宾馆、旅社、招待所外他们一般以城乡结合部的农民或“城中村”的居民住房改造成的出粗屋为居所。在经济发达地区外来流动人口和出租屋事实上已经形成了独立的场所。因此，针对外来流动人口一般以出租屋为落脚点，政府对出租屋的管理应象对娱乐场所管理一样引起重视，要予以单独立法，确认出租屋管理行政合同制，并努力用最先进的现代化管理手段来提高管理效率。     

坚持科学发展观 统筹解决人口问题

人口问题始终是制约我国经济社会全面协调发展的重大问题，贯彻落实科学发展观，必须坚持计划生育基本国策，集中力量解决好人口和计划生育工作面临的突出矛盾和问题，坚持与时俱进，解放思想，综合治理，关注民生，加强领导，用科学发展观为统领，统筹解决人口问题。     

中国人群补体C_1R的遗传多态性

采用聚丙烯酰胺等电聚焦电泳，结合免疫印迹技术，对中国辽宁地区360名无关个体的补体C1R遗传多态性进行了研究。共检出6种常见表现型和4种变异型。基因频率C1R*1=0．5181，C1R*2=0．3291，C1R*3=0．1472，CIR*R=0．0056，分布符合Hardy-Weinberg法则。C1R的血型鉴别机率（DP值）为0．7694，是一种具有高度鉴别能力的血清多态性遗传标记。     

论我国成年监护制度的完善

笔者从论述我国人口老龄化现象的发展趋势入手,分析了现行民法中成年监护制度与解决人口老龄化问题的冲突,并引入国际社会应对此问题的经验。由此得出结论,我国成年监护制度需要作出的立法完善。     

中国女性流动人口状况研究

根据2005年全国1%人口抽样调查数据推算,当前全国女性流动人口数量已达到7385万人,占据全国流动人口的半壁江山。本文采用2005年全国1%人口抽样调查数据,对女性流动人口的基本状况及流动特征进行全面分析,为更好的服务女性流动人口提供参考。     

实现城市出租屋和流动人口有效管理的新思路——以广州市为主要观测点

城市出租屋与流动人口管理是一项复杂的社会工程，其需要社会各种力量与资源的整合。建立一套与动态环境及社会主义市场经济体制相适应的流动人口管理制度和管理机制是必要的。引入市场机制，实行出租屋和流动人口的社会化、产业化、法制化和科技化管理新思路。