中国与东盟社会主义国家政治交往实践：现状、成果及问题

中国与越南、老挝这两个东盟社会主义国家的政治交往内容丰富,形式多样,富有成效。这种政治交往加深彼此了解,增进友好互信,扩大各领域互利合作,推动各自国家的社会主义建设,提升社会主义的影响力,促进中国与东盟的合作,维护地区和世界的和平稳定与发展。中越、中老的政治交往也在一些问题上存在着矛盾和分歧有待解决。     

中国对发展中国家政策的布局

由于地域、历史以及经济发展状况的原因,不同地区的发展中国家在中国对外关系布局中的地位有所不同,中国与它们关系的状况也有别。与周边发展中国家的友好合作关系成为中国对外关系中的首要;与广大非洲发展中国家的关系仍然是中国对外关系中最可以信赖的基础;与拉美发展中国家关系虽然起步晚,但近年来发展迅速,重要性日益增加。     

清末商标法律订立的肇始——中外续约谈判中最早涉及的商标保护条款

中国正式引入商标保护制度始于清末中英通商行船续订条约的谈判和规定。随后,清政府和英、美、日等国签订了一系列的通商行船续订条约,其中均规定了商标保护条款。尽管它们都是不平等条约,但是有关商标保护条款的订立,给中国人淡漠的商标保护意识以很大的冲击,为近代商标保护和管理、以及随后清末第一部商标法的颁布都起了推动作用。     

经济不发达国家推进民主进程应注意的问题

目前经济不发达国家推进民主进程应注意 :经济进程与民主进程要协调发展 ,既不因经济落后而放弃推进民主的努力 ,也不要盲目脱离经济现状提出不切实际的民主要求 ;推进民主进程应先后有序 ,从低到高 ,注意协调好推进民主进程与保持政治稳定的关系 ;经济不发达国家的民主进程必须有领导地进行 ,要加强民主秩序化。     

False and Reluctant Friends? National Money Laundering Regulation,International Compliance and Non-Cooperative Countries

In the aftermath of September 11th, growing attention has been paid to the role of Non-Cooperative Countries and Territories (NCCT) in money laundering and terrorist financing. The paper, applying the new political economy approach in the law and economics field, provides a model to describe, through the policymaker payoff maximization, the relationships between specific country features and endowments, on the one hand, and lax financial regulations, on the other hand. Given that in the real world relatively lax regulation means a non-cooperative attitude in the international fight against money laundering and terrorist financing we empirically test the above theoretical relationship in the case of the NCCT jurisdictions. The policy consequences on the pros and cons of international blacklisting procedures are discussed.JEL K42, G28     

Women's Capabilities and the Right to Education in Bangladesh

The World Bank promotes women's education because it is an input into human capital. In the capabilities approach, education is a force that enables women to have expanded choices. Using data from in-depth interviews conducted in two villages in 1996 and 2000, we examine how rural Bangladeshis perceive women's education and to what extent those perceptions concur with the World Bank's instrumentalist view and with the capabilities approach. Parents educate their daughters because women's education is valued in the marriage market, and marriage is the best way to secure their daughters' well-being. Schooling has also enhanced women's capabilities by increasing their earning potential.     

论构建WTO框架下竞争法协调机制

从竞争法法律冲突产生的原因和国际上现有的处理竞争法法律冲突的协调模式展开论述,分析了在WTO框架下建立国际竞争规则协调机制的必然性和可能性,并对WTO框架下竞争法协调机制在实体和程序方面的构成提出了建议。     

The Group of 77 in the international climate negotiations: recent developments and future directions

First, we describe and analyze the main set of G77 positions in the climate negotiations and the dynamics behind the emergence of these positions. While it is puzzling that the G77 has managed to maintain itself as a group in spite of internal differences along variables as prosperity, emissions and vulnerability to climate change, we claim that a core element behind this cohesion is that these countries share domestic governance problems as much as poverty and economic underdevelopment. Second, we discuss how recent trends of economic and political development in the third world influence the climate policy strategies of the G77 group in the future. The main factor here is the economicand social progress in states like China, India and Brazil, which separates them from the poorer and less powerful G77 states. Increasing heterogeneity along variables like governance, growth, and importance for the international economy is creating an increasing drive among the most successful G77 states towards bilateral agreements with industrialised powers. We do not foresee a departure from traditional G77 positions and membership by these states in the official climate negotiations or a departure from the Kyoto process, but an increasing reliance on bilateral agreements with industrialized countries that link considerations for energy security and the environment. The ability to gain these advantages without commitments may make these states less interested in adopting commitments for the post-Kyoto period. This is unfortunate for the LDCs and the AOSIS groups within the G77, who probably are most vulnerable to climate change.

Immigration to Ghana

Abstract

The globalization of international labor migration is manifest in all countries now engaging in migration systems that are growing in size and complexity and producing an increasing diversity of flows. Furthermore, many of the processes that create and drive these systems operate on a worldwide basis, the consequence of economic globalization, capital mobility and widespread realization by governments that human resources can be traded for profit like any other resource.

This paper looks at Ghana's immigration policy in the light of its economic situation. It characterizes Ghana's immigration policy as geared towards using immigration to attract critical foreign investment, transfer of technology and human resource capital/skills for socio-economic development. Running concurrently is the policy to prevent illegal immigration, transnational crime, economic exploitation, social corruption and human trafficking.

The paper concludes that when the economic situation of Ghana was buoyant in the 1960s it attracted many immigrants especially from neighboring West African countries, however when the country's economy saw a down turn, immigrants were used as a convenient scapegoat and many were expelled. The irony though is that while the current poor economic situation of Ghana has made Ghanaians to immigrate to other countries, the political stability of the country does attract other West Africans and non-Africans and it is affording the country the opportunity to streamline its immigration and citizenship laws.