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301.
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作为邓小平理论萌芽的标志不是某一具体的时间、论著、观点。对邓小平理论萌芽应作出系统的、全面的科学界定。邓小平理论萌芽的标志应该是时间段、论著链、观点网。 相似文献
303.
利用尸体软组织生物力学性状时序性变化推断死亡时间 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的探讨尸体软组织生物力学性状时序性变化规律及其推断死亡时间的可行性。方法将实验大鼠用颈椎脱臼法处死,放置25℃恒温培养箱内即刻、6、12、18、24、30、36、42、48、60、72、96、120、144、168、192h,定时、定位、定向、定形切取大鼠胸部正中皮肤、腹壁肌肉、胸主动脉、结肠和小肠的生物力学试件,用电子万能材料试验机检测各试件的极限载荷、应变、应力生物力学参数。结果除主动脉外,尸体皮肤、肌肉、小肠、结肠的各项软组织生物力学参数均呈明显的死后时序性下降趋势。各参数下降趋势具有显著性差异的"窗口期"分别为:极限载荷:死后18h内皮肤、小肠呈下降趋势;24h内肌肉、结肠呈下降趋势;96~168h肌肉呈下降趋势;72~192h结肠呈下降趋势。应变:各组织在24h内均呈下降趋势,其结肠72~192h缓慢下降趋势。应力:皮肤18h内呈下降趋势,肌肉、小肠24h内呈下降趋势,结肠36h内呈下降趋势。结论大鼠尸体软组织各生物力学性状在不同的"窗口期"存在时序性变化规律,综合各指标可用于推断相应"窗口期"内的死亡时间。 相似文献
304.
Mast cell histochemistry has been proposed in addition to classic histological methods to estimate the course of traumatic events before and after death. We have addressed the utility of this approach on nine victims of different types of trauma. Sections of wounded skin were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and with fluorescent avidin to tag mast cells. Mast cell numbers were evaluated by both direct and digitalized counts. Intact skin was used as control. The results on mast cells implemented the findings upon hematoxylin and eosin stain and helped to put the wounds and death in chronological sequence. Digitalized morphometry allowed to reduce intra- and inter-observer variation. We conclude that combined histological and histochemical analyses can be of practical use in forensic pathology, that a preliminary setting of the reference values is needed for each laboratory, and that image analysis can be of help for the quantification of the results. 相似文献
305.
Christian Jackowski M.D. Marcel J. B. Warntjes Ph.D. Johan Kihlberg R.N. Johan Berge M.D. Michael J. Thali M.D. Anders Persson M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2011,56(1):208-215
Abstract: A quantification of T1, T2, and PD in high isotropic resolution was performed on corpses. Isotropic and quantified postmortem magnetic resonance (IQpmMR) enables sophisticated 3D postprocessing, such as reformatting and volume rendering. The body tissues can be characterized by the combination of these three values. The values of T1, T2, and PD were given as coordinates in a T1–T2–PD space where similar tissue voxels formed clusters. Implementing in a volume rendering software enabled color encoding of specific tissues and pathologies in 3D models of the corpse similar to computed tomography, but with distinctively more powerful soft tissue discrimination. From IQpmMR data, any image plane at any contrast weighting may be calculated or 3D color‐encoded volume rendering may be carried out. The introduced approach will enable future computer‐aided diagnosis that, e.g., checks corpses for a hemorrhage distribution based on the knowledge of its T1–T2–PD vector behavior in a high spatial resolution. 相似文献
306.
The "coffin fly,"Conicera tibialis Schmitz (Order: Diptera, Family: Phoridae), is well known for its frequent occurrence on buried corpses, in some cases after postmortem intervals of even 3-5 years. The present report describes the presence of a large amount of individuals of C. tibialis inside the coffin of a buried human corpse exhumed 18 years after death in central Spain. Adults, some of them newly emerged, and empty puparia were found in connection with the remains. Such postmortem interval is significantly longer than previously known for this species and raises the question on the current state of knowledge about the use of insects for estimating the postmortem interval in old, buried remains. 相似文献
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309.
Zoran Mihailovic M.D. Ph.D. Tatjana Atanasijevic M.D. Ph.D. Vesna Popovic M.D. Ph.D. Miroslav B. Milosevic M.D. M.Sc. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(3):775-778
The use of magnesium as a parameter to estimate the time of death is controversial. In 32 traumatic deaths with known postmortem intervals (PMIs), small quantities of vitreous humor (VH) were sampled repetitively every 3 h until 24 h postmortem. The bodies were kept at the constant ambient temperature of 20°C (68°F). The concentrations of magnesium were in the range of 0.47–1.15 mM. A statistically significant correlation of the concentration of magnesium with the PMI was observed (r = 0.453, p < 0.01), but with small predictive value—coefficient of variation for regression was 45.5%; the average of the paired differences between the estimated and actual PMIs was 5.24 + 3.19 h. Although useful results might be expected due to the large transmembrane gradient for magnesium, the results of this study strongly disprove the usefulness of measuring magnesium in VH to estimate the time of death. 相似文献
310.
Annalisa Cappella B.Sc. Alberto Amadasi M.D. Elisa Castoldi B.Sc. Debora Mazzarelli B.Sc. Daniel Gaudio B.Sc. Cristina Cattaneo M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(6):1598-1601
The distinction between perimortem and postmortem fractures is an important challenge for forensic anthropology. Such a crucial task is presently based on macro‐morphological criteria widely accepted in the scientific community. However, several limits affect these parameters which have not yet been investigated thoroughly. This study aims at highlighting the pitfalls and errors in evaluating perimortem or postmortem fractures. Two trained forensic anthropologists were asked to classify 210 fractures of known origin in four skeletons (three victims of blunt force trauma and one natural death) as perimortem, postmortem, or dubious, twice in 6 months in order to assess intraobserver error also. Results show large errors, ranging from 14.8 to 37% for perimortem fractures and from 5.5 to 14.8% for postmortem ones; more than 80% of errors concerned trabecular bone. This supports the need for more objective and reliable criteria for a correct assessment of peri‐ and postmortem bone fractures. 相似文献