Necropsy Findings in Dogs that Died During Grooming or other Pet Service Procedures

Procedures involved in grooming, bathing, and other pet services can often lead animals to death. Of the necropsies of 1391 animals carried out at a private diagnostic laboratory in Sao Paulo, Brazil from 2004 to 2009, 94 were dogs that died during the above‐mentioned procedures. Young male dogs and small breeds like Poodle Miniature, Yorkshire Terrier, and Lhasa Apso were most frequently observed. Blunt‐force trauma was responsible for the deaths of 31% of the animals, with a higher incidence of trauma to the head, characterized chiefly by fractures and nervous tissue lesions. In the other 69% of cases, the animals showed signs of stress, and died due to pulmonary edema and hemorrhage. As we cannot rule out the intentional character in some situations, this article provides veterinary forensic support for veterinarians and pet owners, especially in lawsuits, helping in finding the cause of animal's death in such pet services.     

Symposium Introduction: Local Responses to ‘Austerity’

This introduction to the symposium sets out the context for local government in the United Kingdom at the current time. It outlines the scale of the reductions in funding since 2010, showing how uneven these cuts have been across the country and the reasons for this. It also describes the increased exposure to risk of both local government and of the citizens and communities it serves. The central question for the papers which follow is how local government is responding to these twin challenges. The papers provide insights from a number of detailed studies of individual authorities, exploring the strategies adopted to manage in response. The analyses focus on the distributive consequences for individuals and communities, but they also reflect on the wider consequences for local government itself. A particular concern is whether local responses are changing as austerity moves from its initial to its later phase.     

强制公民行为与工作家庭平衡之间的关系: 主动性人格的调节作用

迄今为止,大部分关于公民行为的研究关注于组织公民行为及其对组织绩效的贡献.与传统的组织公民行为相反,组织中也存在非自愿的角色外行为,即受到工作场所中的外在压力而被迫做出的强制公民行为.尽管学者针对它展开了不少理论性探讨,相关实证研究却相对缺乏,而关于它和工作家庭平衡之间关系的研究尚无.本研究以北京两家高科技企业知识型员工为调查对象,回收有效问卷198份.通过采用Bootstrapping统计方法,结合路径分析的思路来对假设进行检验,研究结果表明：强制性公民行为负向预测工作家庭平衡;工作压力在强制公民行为和工作家庭平衡之间起到中介作用;主动性人格调节了中介及直接作用.该发现不仅有利于更全面、合理地看待员工的强制公民行为,而且对管理者的管理实践措施提供了有价值的参考.组织可以通过有效抑制强制公民行为的负面作用,提高组织的效能.     

低温解除后辣椒叶片中多胺和内源激素的动态变化研究

在对两个辣椒品种进行低温处理的基础上,研究了低温结束后生长恢复期辣椒叶片中多胺和内源激素的动态变化情况。结果表明,低温使辣椒叶片中腐胺、精胺和亚精胺的含量有不同程度增加,使GA₃和IAA的含量降低和ABA含量增加；随着低温条件的解除,腐胺含量和ABA含量迅速下降至对照水平,表明腐胺和ABA含量的变化是植株自身对低温的一种应激反应,而精胺和IAA含量在低温解除一段时间后不能恢复至对照水平,推测精胺和IAA含量的变化是可能植株对低温的一种适应性反应。     

司法警察死刑执行心理防护研究

人民法院司法警察在死刑执行工作中经常会面对各种极端应激源，所造成的应激反应往往是强烈的、反复的，若不加以适当干预，将会发展为应激障碍等心理疾患。通过与美国死刑执行程序进行比较，从人丈关怀的角度出发，我们对死刑执行人员的确定、执行装备的选择、死刑罪犯的押解、刑场操作、执行后心理调适与干预等均应进行针对性的心理防护设计，从制度上保证司法警察的心理健康，防止非战斗减员的发生。     

PTSD患者社会功能的影响因素及症状分布特点

目的探讨司法鉴定中PTSD患者影响其社会功能的相关因素及症状分布特点。方法对101例精神疾病司法鉴定诊断为PTSD的案例进行回顾性症状分析,并以社会功能缺陷筛查量表评估其社会功能缺损情况。结果 PTSD患者的年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度、外伤史及案发至鉴定时间的社会功能缺损间存在统计学差异,不同性别间社会功能缺陷程度无统计学差异。情绪不稳、紧张、恐惧、睡眠障碍及外伤对患者的社会功能影响较大。结论 PTSD患者的社会功能缺损程度与年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、外伤史及案发后鉴定时间等存在一定关系,影响患者社会功能的症状分布较为广泛。     

Early Repolarization,Acute Emotional Stress and Sudden Death

We herein report the case of a 36‐year‐old man who died suddenly after a fight with another man. Forensic investigations included unenhanced computed tomography, postmortem angiography, autopsy, histology, neuropathology, toxicology, and biochemistry and allowed a traumatic cause of death to be excluded. An electrocardiogram recorded some years prior to death revealed the presence of an early repolarization pattern. Based on the results of all investigations, the cause of death was determined to be cardiac arrhythmia and cardiac arrest during an emotionally stressful event associated with physical assault. Direct third party involvement, however, was excluded, and the manner of death was listed as natural. The case was not pursued any further by the public prosecutor.     

四种调补方对反复心理应激大鼠下丘脑及海马氨基酸含量影响的比较

目的 :观察调肝方、健脾方、补肾方及人参总皂苷对反复心理应激大鼠下丘脑及海马氨基酸含量的影响。方法 :大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、调肝组、健脾组、补肾组和人参总皂苷组。采用OPA高效液相色谱分析法检测下丘脑、海马氨基酸含量。结果 :人参总皂苷组下丘脑谷氨酸(Glu)明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,健脾组与人参总皂苷组下丘脑天冬氨酸 (Asp)水平均明显低于模型组和正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。模型组海马Glu明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,补肾组、健脾组和人参总皂苷组海马Glu和Asp均明显升高 (P <0 .0 1)。调肝组、健脾组和人参总皂苷组下丘脑γ 氨基丁酸(GABA)和牛磺氨酸 (Tau)均明显下降 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ,补肾组下丘脑GABA明显下降(P <0 .0 1) ,模型组海马Tau明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,健脾组、补肾组与人参总皂苷组海马GABA和Tau均明显升高 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :调肝方药的中枢作用部位可能主要在下丘脑 ,其作用机制可能与下调氨基酸水平有关 ;而健脾、补肾方药及人参总皂苷的中枢作用部位可能与海马和下丘脑都有密切关系 ,作用机制则与上调氨基酸水平有关     

Personality Profiles of Women in Multiple Abusive Relationships

Personality profiles of women with multiple abusive relationship histories (N = 42) were compared to either abused women with 1 abusive relationship (N = 33) or a control group (N = 52) on the Coolidge Axis II Inventory (Coolidge & Merwin, 1992, J. Pers. Assess. 59: 223–238), a self-report measure based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Women with multiple abusive relationships had higher rates and greater levels of dependent, paranoid, and self-defeating personality disorders than women in the other 2 groups. Women in multiple abusive relationships had significantly more depression, and women in this group with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) had significantly more personality disorders than women with single abusive relationships with PTSD. Women in single abusive relationships did not exhibit more psychopathology than women in the control group with matched marital status. Theoretical and methodological issues, and treatment recommendations are discussed.     

警察不良应激问题的心理学分析与思考

警察心身健康是一个社会关注的大问题。警察的心理健康、身体健康问题和伤亡情况比率抽查,都比其他职业从业者高得多。造成警察不良应激反应的原因,有来自工作、家庭、社会等客观方面的,也有来自主观个体方面的。努力增强警察心理健康素质的培养,已成为当务之急。要以科学发展观指导和推动警察心理健康教育,同时要把好入警关,坚持从优待警,争取全社会支持,并保持警察主体良好的心态,积极应对压力,努力提高自己的心理健康水平和综合素质。