The European airline industry: law and economics of low cost carriers

This article offers an analysis of the European airline industry in order to understand the new dynamics of the competitive field. The liberalization process did not lead the entrance of competitors similar to incumbents, but a new organizational model has been developed, the one of low cost carriers. The incumbents’ reaction to the liberalization process coupled with the entrance of low cost companies into the sector are hence considered. Two theories are analysed: the contestable markets theory, to understand the theoretical vision that has influenced the liberalization process, and the core theory, a modern approach to the concept of destructive competition that, according to some authors, is a recurring problem in the sector. While numerous barriers to entry still exist, the paper examines how the organizational model of low cost companies has helped new entrants to overtake these obstacles. By the same token, the application of the core theory does not seem to justify strategic alliances taking place in these years. The competitive framework is definitely clearer if we analyse sector changes in a different way, from the point of view of low cost companies considered as new market actors.     

我国司法职务犯罪防治对策探讨——以司法职权运行机制为视角

司法职务犯罪是一种具有严重社会危害性的职务性犯罪,以现代犯罪原因论观之,产生此类犯罪的原因呈现出多元多层次的特点:既受经济因素、文化传统的制约,又受司法运行机制的困扰,还受司法工作人员的素质、立法本身的缺陷、教育缺失或不到位等诸多因素的影响.从司法职权运行机制的独特视角着手,深入剖析引发司法职务犯罪在运行机制层面的成因,并就健全我国司法职权运行机制提出自己的见解,以期构建科学有效的防范对策体系.     

论新世纪新阶段治安行政执法的改革

新世纪新阶段,我国的治安行政执法面临着一些新的情况和新的问题,我们应当改变治安民警的传统观念,转变治安民警执法角色,改革治安行政许可,完善治安法制建设,规划治安行政执法的运行机制.     

论性的私法调整

私法对性保护的缺失导致对性权利保护的不足,性权利本质上是私权,私法应该对性权利加以调整并创设性人格权.性人格权由性自主权、生育权构成.创设了性人格权后,可以解决实践中许多问题如:婚内强奸问题、强奸后精神损害赔偿问题等.     

刑事诉讼视角下辩护权界说

在现代刑事诉讼中,被指控人的辩护权是一项贯穿始终的诉讼权利,主要表现为根据事实和法律提出和论证对被指控人有利的材料和理由,在实体上反驳指控,提出证明被指控人无罪、罪轻、应当减轻或免除其刑事责任的材料和意见,以及在程序上主张被指控人所拥有的合法的诉讼权利,防止其受到不公正的待遇和不应有的侵犯。但是由于司法理念和制度的弊端使得我国现实层面的辩护权呈现出与应然状态的脱节与偏离,因此,立足现状,改革与完善我国的刑事辩护权就显得尤为重要。     

略论行政控权

行政权力的行使必须受到法律的制约,在法律设定的范围内进行。不受法律约束的权力会导致权力的滥用,形成权力腐败;不受法律约束的权力是人治的典型体现,与法治水火不容。为了使行政执法依法进行,行政相对方的权利尽量少受侵害,行政控权势在必行。从这个意义上说,控权是行政法实施的基础。     

中国共产党执政理念的转变——基于人才工作视角的观察与思考

实现社会和谐,建设美好社会,始终是人类孜孜以求的社会理想,也是包括中国共产党在内的马克思主义政党不懈追求的社会理想。从"斗争哲学"转向"和谐哲学,"中国共产党人完成了执政理念和执政哲学的根本性转变。人才工作既是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要内容,又是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要保障。笔者试从人才工作这个视角来探讨中国共产党执政理念的转变。     

生命权的概念及其入宪的必要性和价值

生命权有广义和狭义之分,通常所说的生命权是指狭义上的生命权。生命权的基础性、不可逆转性和不可补偿性决定了生命权应当入宪,而生命权入宪则是对生命权基础性价值的确认和彰显,表达了对生命权的尊重,也将提高人们尊重生命权的意识,同时将进一步推动生命权保障机制的建立和完善。     

Beyond 'Do No Harm': The Challenge of Constructing Ethical Relationships in Refugee Research

This paper highlights some of the central ethical challengesinvolved in undertaking social science research with refugeesin conflict and crisis situations. It focuses on two main setsof challenges: first, the difficulties of constructing an ethicalconsent process and obtaining genuinely informed consent; andsecond, taking fully into account and responding to refugeeparticipants' capacities for autonomy. The authors also discussthe challenges involved in applying the central normative principlesgoverning ethics review processes—the principles of beneficence,integrity, respect for persons, autonomy and justice—tothe context of refugee research. It is argued that researchersshould seek ways to move beyond harm minimization as a standardfor ethical research and recognize an obligation to design andconduct research projects that aim to bring about reciprocalbenefits for refugee participants and/or communities. Some ofthe methodological issues raised by this analysis are discussedin the conclusion.     

论约定优于法定原则

约定优于法定是合同法的一项重要原则。但在市场经济发展的今天,尤其是在消费合同中,这一原则受到了挑战,完全遵守这一原则会形成合法不合理的情况。因此重新审视这一原则,适时地赋予约定优于法定原则新的内容,就显得十分必要了。文章在探究了约定优于法定原则之后提出在消费合同中应当推行约定有利的原则,以切实保护消费者的权益。