Gagging orders: asylum seekers and paradoxes of freedom and protest in liberal society

The detention of non-status migrants is now commonplace in developed countries. Detention has been justified on such grounds as security, the welfare of non-status migrant populations, and as a way to speed up processing asylum claims. Drawing from the artist Krzysztof Wodiczko's sustained interest in themes of migration and belonging, this article examines the relationships between technologies of government in detention and accommodation facilities, and the possibilities and constraints of protest that these settings and practices give rise to. The analysis highlights paradoxes of freedom as well as opportunities for protest that imbue these spaces. Using Foucault's discussion of technologies of government, we draw on empirical research to highlight how orientation booklets, classes, and legal self-representation manuals are technologies that compel asylum seekers to become ideal detainees in hopes of being understood as ‘liberal subjects’ worthy of inclusion in a small number of evermore tightly policed Western European states. We conclude with the suggestion that asylum seekers' paradoxical encounters with technologies of liberal government deliver a challenge to the accepted framework of citizenship within liberal societies.     

State writing,subversion and citizenship in Southern Rhodesia’s state of emergency, 1959–1960

This article takes a moment of political upheaval – Southern Rhodesia’s 1959 State of Emergency – to explore the uses of writing in the remaking of state authority and citizenship. The 1950s had produced a powerful bureaucratic state, a shaky attempt at multi-racial “partnership,” and African aspirations to a citizenship able to encompass equality, rights and self-determination. The Emergency brought the tensions in these modes of government and citizenship to the fore. The article explores the working out of these tensions in two instances: the bureaucratic attempt to manage political detainees, and the police evidence used to substantiate charges of subversion on the part of nationalists in court. The article traces the limits of the state’s “lawfare” and the means by which detainees and nationalists developed new understandings of citizenship as aspirational imaginary, legal condition and practical tool, through the written word.     

群体性事件警务处置中“慎用强制措施”原则研究

慎用强制措施原则的提出背景是我国当前群体性事件频发。在群体性事件警务处置中,应当坚持慎用强制措施特别是慎用逮捕等限制人身自由的羁押措施。结合大多数西方国家的先进做法,在群体性事件处置中,应多采用取保候审、监视居住措施,逐步实现从＂羁押为主＂向＂保释为主羁押为辅＂的转变。同时,在群体性事件警务处置中,应当注意发挥调解、和解的功效,为群众提供一个正常表达利益诉求的渠道和社会冲突解决机制。     

英国民事审前程序的改革与发展

自1999年4月英国新民事诉讼规则正式施行起算,沃尔夫勋爵领导的民事司法改革迄今已有十个年头。这十年的实践证明了总体上新的民事诉讼规则是成功的。而其中的审前程序制度别具特色。英国民事审前制度中的诉前议定书制度、审前和解制度、专家证人制度、审前文件披露和诉讼费用制度,可为我国的民事司法改革提供域外经验。     

Unfree labour in immigration detention: exploitation and coercion of a captive immigrant workforce

This paper focuses on labour within immigration detention in the United Kingdom, offering an original national case study as well as a new conceptual framework for analysing such practices. It does so through an innovative engagement with recent literatures on forced labour, unfreedom and hyper-precarity, particularly amongst irregular migrants. We advance two key arguments in this paper. First, that the available data on labour within immigration detention indicate that detainees should legally be considered employees and granted access to labour protections, including the national minimum wage. Second, that work in immigration detention is an example of state-sanctioned exploitative, coercive and unfree labour amongst a hyper-precarious group of the population. This case has implications for other country contexts where immigration detention is used.     

浅析我国《海事诉讼特别程序法》对证据的庭前陈述制度和庭前举证制度的规定

证据是诉讼的无冕之王。我国民事诉讼法对证据的规定需要进一步完善。而 1999年出台的《海事诉讼特别程序法》则对证据问题做了突破性的规定即庭前陈述制度和庭前举证制度。这是我国证据制度领域的一个飞跃。本文将对上述两个制度做比较研究 ,并对《海事诉讼特别程序法》庭前陈述制度和庭前举证制度进行较为深入的探讨 ,以期对我国证据制度的发展和完善有所补益     

论刑事拘留措施的完善

目前公安机关采用刑事拘留措施所存在的问题主要有:把留置作为拘留的补充措施,先留置后拘留以延长拘留审查时间;在批捕前的拘留审查期限内无法达到批捕证明要求的,都将案件扩大解释为“三类”案件,从而将案件拘留审查期限延长至30日;对“有重大嫌疑”的解释随意。其法律成因是:拘留措施法律规范自身存在的不足;拘留权缺乏监督制约机制。因此有修改完善之必要。     

略谈有关刑事拘留存在的问题及完善

刑事诉讼中的拘留,是公安机关和人民检察院对于现行犯或者重大嫌疑分子、在遇有法定的紧急情况下依法采取的临时剥夺其人身自由的一种刑事强制措施。修改后的刑事诉讼法,对拘留的条件和期限作了很大的修改,使这种强制措施发挥了打击犯罪,保障诉讼顺利进行的作用。但是,仍然不能完全满足办案的实际需要,仍存着需要完善的地方。笔者此文中讨论其中三个较为明显的问题。     

Migration management for the benefit of whom? Interrogating the work of the International Organization for Migration

This paper examines the relationship between the nation-state and migration through the activities of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The IOM operates at the intersection of nation-states, international human rights regimes, and neo-liberal governance. We find that the IOM enforces the exclusions of asylum seekers and maintains the central role of nation-states in ordering global flows of migration. In addition, we argue that the IOM acts on behalf of nation-states by using the language of international human rights, as though working in the interests of migrants and refugees. In providing a geographic appraisal of the IOM alongside its image and presentation with an analysis of its activities on voluntary returns, we address the new spaces of ‘networked’ governance that control and order migratory flows in the interests of nation-states.     

检察机关对看守所监管活动的法律监督机制研究——以昆明市为例

为准确把握看守所监管活动法律监督工作存在的问题及其原因,笔者借用现代企业管理理论中SWOT(内部优势、内部劣势、外部机遇、外部威胁)战略分析方法,对驻所检察室内外部条件进行系统分析。以昆明市为例,在昆明市选取昆明市第二看守所、安宁市看守所、禄劝县看守所等三个具有代表性的看守所进行调研。其中,调研主要围绕看守所监管活动现状、驻所检察人员工作现状、驻所检察工作机制以及提出改进措施的可行性等四个方面进行调查摸底,主要侧重于看守所及派驻看守所检察室的内外部影响因素以及对制度建设的一些具体想法等。