我国刑事强制措施之修缮

本文介绍了我国刑事强制措施的概况 ,分析了现行刑事强制措施的缺陷 ,并提出了完善强制措施若干问题的立法构想。     

试论审前程序主体在侦查阶段之关系

审前程序犹如刑事诉讼整个大厦的地基 ,如果没有科学的、合理性的建构 ,之后的诉讼程序将难以为继。本文通过采用结构主义理论和比较研究的方法 ,就刑事审判前程序中的几个重要问题作了阐发和论证。总的目标是在侦查程序中构建中立司法机构的审查和控制机制 ,建立“程序性裁判”制度 ,使侦查程序中涉及限制人身权利和自由的行为纳入司法审查和诉讼的轨道 ,在惩罚犯罪和保护人权之间找到一个合乎理性的平衡点。     

Juvenile Court Context and Detention Decisions: Reconsidering the Role of Race,Ethnicity, and Community Characteristics in Juvenile Court Processes

The relationship between race/ethnicity, community dynamics, and juvenile court processes has long been established. Prior research has relied on city‐ or county‐level measures of community characteristics (e.g., racial composition, poverty) to examine how racial groups are processed within juvenile courts. To date, no study has utilized finer scale measures of geographic areas to examine how characteristics of juveniles’ communities impact court decisions. By utilizing official juvenile court data from a city in the southwest, this study draws upon attribution theory to examine how economic and crime community‐level measures directly and indirectly influence detention outcomes. Findings reveal that the effect of race and ethnicity in detention outcomes varies across communities, and the effect of ethnicity in detention decisions is mediated by economic community‐level measures. The theoretical and policy implications of the study findings are discussed.     

Preparing children for cross-examination: do the practice questions matter?

Research has shown that a brief intervention involving practice and feedback can help children maintain accuracy when challenged with cross-examination-style questions. To date, however, researchers have prepared children using the same cross-examination challenges that they would encounter during the subsequent cross-examination interview. It is unknown whether the intervention will still be effective when children later face novel cross-examination-style questions. Six- to 11-year-old children (n?=?132) took part in a staged memory event, and were then interviewed with analogues of direct-examination (1–2 days later) and cross-examination (6–8 weeks later). One week prior to the cross-examination interview, some children participated in a preparation session, where they were given practice answering cross-examination-style questions about an unrelated topic, and feedback on their responses. For half of these children, the cross-examination-style challenges they encountered during the preparation session were the same as the challenges they subsequently faced during cross-examination; for the others, there was no overlap. Relative to a control group that did not receive the intervention, the preparation session resulted in better performance during cross-examination, regardless of the degree of overlap. These findings are encouraging given that we can never predict the questions that cross-examining lawyers will ask children.     

对违纪警察适用禁闭措施的制度评析

《公安机关实施停止执行职务和禁闭措施的规定》从法律上确立了对警察适用禁闭措施的合法性。警察禁闭是警察内部对于有严重违纪行为的人民警察所采取的行政措施,无论是对于警察自身素质的提升还是对整个警察队伍建设都有着积极意义。目前,我国对于该规定的具体实施仍存在不足,需尽快加以完善。一是要从法律层面完善警察适用禁闭措施的规定;二是要有效开展禁闭措施中的警务督察工作;三是要对适用禁闭措施的警察建立心理疏导制度。     

我国台湾地区羁押制度改革研究

上个世纪90年代中期,我国台湾地区对其羁押制度进行大幅修订,废除了检察官的羁押决定权。在接下来的将近20年间,台湾地区又以人权保障为基础,进一步修正了羁押法制。台湾地区进行羁押制度改革的背景或历史动因是什么,台湾地区的羁押制度在改革了十几年后,其运行状况如何,是否实现当时的既定目标等问题,都是需要关注的问题。     

看守所安全防范工作的信息化主导对策

随着信息技术在看守所的深入应用及科技强警战略的实施,信息化应用正在日益融入并改变着看守所传统的管理模式,但在监管安全工作中,公安监管信息化建设方面仍存在认识不足、硬件滞后,规范欠缺等问题,针对上述问题,为适应新形势下公安监管工作的变化,提出了看守所安全防范工作的信息化主导对策。     

超期羁押问题的思考及对策

超期羁押是当前困扰我国司法实践的一大问题,司法制度的不完善是造成超期羁押的主要原因。文章从司法体制和实践方面对超期羁押问题提出了解决对策。     

Parents’ Perspectives on Family‐centered Care in Juvenile Justice Institutions

Family‐centered care during adolescent detention aims to increase parental participation in an attempt to optimize treatment outcomes. However, little is known about parents’ needs in family‐centered care. To fill this gap, we interviewed 19 purposefully selected parents of detained adolescents using a semi‐structured topic list. Although needs differed between parents, they were generally interested in activities that included spending time with their child. It is important for parents to receive timely information about their child's condition and treatment, detention procedures, and activities in the facility. The outcomes demonstrated that parents expected a two‐way communication based on respect and reliability.