Introducing 3D Printed Models as Demonstrative Evidence at Criminal Trials

This case report presents one of the first reported uses of a 3D printed exhibit in an English homicide trial, in which two defendants were accused of beating their victim to death. The investigation of this crime included a micro‐CT scan of the victim's skull, which assisted the pathologist to determine the circumstances of the assault, in particular regarding the number of assault weapons and perpetrators. The scan showed two distinct injury shapes, suggesting the use of either two weapons or a single weapon with geometrically distinct surfaces. It subsequently served as the basis for a 3D print, which was shown in court in one of the first examples that 3D printed physical models have been introduced as evidence in a criminal trial in the United Kingdom. This paper presents the decision‐making process of whether to use 3D printed evidence or not.     

Why Drink Less? Diffidence,Self-Presentation Styles,and Alcohol Use Among University Students

Through the theoretical lens of the self-presentation model, this paper addresses conflicting results from past research on the links between the components of diffidence (i.e., high levels of introversion and loneliness, and low levels of self-esteem) and alcohol use among undergraduate college students (N = 548). Correlational and multiple regression analyses were used to examine whether protective and acquisitive self-presentation expectancies about the effects of alcohol act as suppressing variables in the relationship between diffidence and alcohol use. Results supported the suppression hypothesis. A negative relationship between diffidence and alcohol use was revealed when self-presentation expectancies about the effects of alcohol were controlled statistically. The self-presentation model may provide new theoretical insights into the links between alcohol expectancies and alcohol use. Implications for campus-based intervention programs are discussed.     

The power of presentation: How attire,cosmetics, and posture impact the source credibility of women expert witnesses

Gender stereotypes may negatively affect perceptions of women professionals' credibility, including forensic experts. This study investigated the impact of behavior-based and appearance-based factors on women expert witness's credibility. Jury-eligible adults were shown one of 16 conditions depicting a woman expert which varied based on combinations of three primary independent variables: (1) attire, (2) cosmetic use, and (3) posture. Expert attractiveness and participants' sexist attitudes served as covariates. Results revealed that women experts were seen as marginally more credible when wearing a skirt suit with a closed posture stance than when wearing a pant suit with a closed posture. Secondary analyses indicated expert attractiveness and participant sexist attitudes accounted for the most variability in credibility scores. Credibility of women expert witnesses may be impacted by irrelevant peripheral cues. Findings can inform discussions aimed at mitigating extraneous factors that inadvertently undermine the reception of women expert witness testimony.     

当代青年婚恋观变化中出现的新问题

当代青年的婚恋观正随着社会的变迁悄然嬗变,青年在婚恋关系中的主体意识和个性已明显增强,但婚恋的不稳定性、商品化、忽视道德规范的行为也在悄然增长。探索如何引导青年形成正确的婚恋观,重构家庭伦理文化,是当前青年研究的一个重要课题。     

浅议被害人询问对策

“口供弱化”的今天,作为犯罪行为的另一方当事人,被害人陈述应当作为重要的线索来源和定罪证据被公安机关加以重视。只有研究分析询问中控告型、隐匿型和诬告型被害人的陈述心理,才能有针对性地确定询问对策．并提出询问被害人的注意事项。     

全面预算管理在我国企业的应用探析

全面预算管理正在被越来越多的企业所接受。但在实际运行中,很多企业仍存在观念上的误区,从而制约了其作用的发挥。全面预算管理,是企业契约关系的贯彻推行机制,是企业组织结构的一部分,更是企业与环境的相互依存适应机制。全面预算的运行有赖于建立有效的信息反馈系统和业绩考评体系,全面预算管理对当前我国企业提高法人治理水平和加强财务管理是一条切实可行的路径。     

论行政行为的举证责任

理论界对于举证责任的研究都局限在诉讼领域,其实,行政行为的举证竞任也是一个非常重要的问题。不同的行政行为有着不同的举证责任,应当分别研究。在行政立法中不存在举证责任的问题;依职权的行政执法行为由行政主体承担举证责任,依申请的行政执法行为分别由申请人和行政主体为各自的主张承担举证责任;在裁决行政争议的行政司法行为中,说服责任始终由被申请人承担,推进责任由提出主张的人承担;对民事争议的行政裁决,则实行谁主张谁举证的举证规则。     

论公安强制措施报告类法律文书理由的写作

公安强制措施报告类法律文书理由的写作要求，理由要概括、精炼；理由要充分、具有说服力；理由要按照法律规定进行阐述；阐述理由的角度要正确。