Moving beyond input legitimacy: When do democratic innovations affect policy making?

This article makes three key contributions to debates surrounding the effectiveness of democratic innovation, deliberation and participation in representative political systems. In the first instance, it argues that more attention should be paid to the role that participation actually plays in governance. The literature on democratic institutional design often neglects concern about the effects of innovative institutional designs on more traditional representative fora, at the expense of concerns about their internal procedures. Second, the article argues that despite limitations, replicable systematic comparison of the effects of institutional design is both necessary and possible even at the level of national governance. A comparative analysis of 31 cases of National Public Policy Conferences (NPPCs) in Brazil is presented. Finally, the article shows that popular deliberative assemblies that vary in their familiarity and their policy area of interest, and that organise their structure and sequence deliberation in different ways can be associated with differential effects on both option analysis and option selection stages of the policy process, respectively.     

心理学视角下未成年犯审前社会调查制度

未成年犯刑事案件审前社会调查制度具有较强的刑事司法依据,同样,作为犯罪的特殊群体,未成年人也是心理学的重点研究对象,具有显著的心理特殊性。文章从心理学的视角分析了实施该制度的依据,在概括了我国当前实施该制度总体状况及存在问题的基础上,提出了完善该制度的可操作性建议。     

Presidential Influence of the News Media: The Case of the Press Conference

Can presidents influence news coverage through their press conferences? Scant research has explored this question leaving two possible answers. On the one hand, presidential news management efforts, combined with norms of journalistic professionalism and the cost of producing news, suggest that the nightly news will cover presidential press conferences. On the other hand, the costs of delivering press conferences espoused by some scholars insinuate that press conferences will have little impact on news coverage. To determine whether the press conference influences news coverage, I use plagiarism detection software to assess the propensity of television news to incorporate the president's rhetoric into stories that cover the president's press conferences. I find that news reports on the press conference rely heavily on the president's words, indicating that it is an important event for presidential influence of the news media and perhaps eventually the public.     

试论审前羁押应是一种例外的程序性裁判措施

审前羁押剥夺的是嫌疑人或被告人的人身自由 ,是对人权的侵犯与克减。基于无罪推定原则的要求 ,作为一种程序性裁判机制的审前羁押只能是一种例外的、最后才能采取的手段。     

构建民事审前调解程序的思考

现行法院调解制度存在调审合一、律师参与有限、当事人不出庭等方面问题,影响了调解作用的发挥。建议借鉴国外立法,建立审前调解程序,实行调审分离,设立专门调解法官,加强律师功能,规定当事人亲自参与调解,并确定审前调解时限为1个月,裁判程序中不予调解制度等。     

刑事诉讼庭前审查律师辩护权研究

本文的构思源于对律师在刑诉中地位、作用的思考,主要针对我国刑事诉讼法中庭前审查程序缺乏律师辩护制度引发的包括控辩失衡、程序过滤性缺失、程序形式化等一系列问题,以及针对1996年新刑诉法颁布后,完全放弃实体审查放弃辩护对抗的立法问题提出立法和制度建议。希望从学理上和实际制度的构建上,站在法院公平审查的立场上探索和总结出律师辩护制度在庭前审查中的新方向。     

文化大发展背景下的马克思主义大众化途径

党的十七届六中全会提出要深化文化体制改革、推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣的方针。如何推进马克思主义大众化,坚持社会主义先进文化前进方向,推动文化大发展大繁荣,已成为时代赋予我们的重大课题。用马克思主义的大众化,促进文化事业快速繁荣和文化产业快速发展,使文化成为经济社会发展的新引擎。面对当今国内外新形势,实现马克思主义的大众必须坚持理论联系实际,建设高素质、专业化的队伍,采取多样化的方法,从而使马克思主义内化为人民群众的价值观念。     

我国未决羁押制度存在的问题及其完善

在司法实务中，对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人采取未决羁押措施，可以防止他们逃避侦查、起诉或审判，有利于保障刑事诉讼的顺利进行，有利于震慑犯罪。但由于我国未决羁押制度存在适用普遍化、目的异化、救济机制匮乏等诸多问题，因此，应树立程序与实体并重的观念，注重保障人权，使拘留、逮捕与羁押分离，构建羁押的司法审查制度，不断完善被羁押人的权利救济制度。     

审前程序中未成年人的权利保护

目前，在审前程序中未成年人应有的诉讼权利与实有的诉讼权利之间存在较大的张力。实有权利的缺失现象，一方面源于作为权利依据的统一立法的缺失，另一方面源于规范内容在司法中的困难。对未成年人诉讼权利进行专属立法，建构专门的司法程序，应成为今后未成年人司法制度建设的重点，而保释权、合适成年人在场权、法律帮助权及沉默权是未成年人审前程序权利保障的主要内容。     

看守所审前羁押情况调研报告

本调研报告以某市级中型看守所作为调研对象。除反映该看守所的基本情况之外 ,又抽取一部分对象集中进行了问卷调查 ,从看守所的客观环境、非法滞留与非法刑讯、相关的执法程序、律师参与情况、被羁押人的容忍性等五个方面进行了调研。反映出看守所的物质生活条件亟需改善 ;刑讯逼供等问题仍然十分突出 ;执法环境急需改善 ;被羁押人员的容忍度显示相应的改革可以分步渐进性地进行。