青少年犯罪的特点、成因及预防

针对近年来我国青少年犯罪呈现出不断上升的趋势,本文就青少年犯罪的特点、成因进行了理性的分析,并在此基础上提出了一些预防建议,以期能对减少青少年犯罪有所帮助。     

刑罚本质的哲学思考

刑罚的本质是决定刑罚之所以为刑罚的内在规定性,是刑罚内部诸要素相互作用的所产生的有机联系,本质是一个综合性的系统,它有层级划分。这是刑罚本质的综合性所决定的,也是运用哲学的方法对刑罚本质进行思考所得出的结论。     

加入WTO后权力腐败的防治

权力是滋生腐败的基础,失去监督的权力与私欲结合便产生腐败。我国现存的官僚作风如与半市场化经济结合,将为权力腐败的滋生留下大量的空间,较之完全市场化国家的反腐败难度更大。我国加入WTO后,正在更加深入地进行经济体制的市场化改革,必将强制性制约政府的行政干预力,为我国从源头上防止权力腐败打下坚实的制度基础。     

A Perspective on Policy and Practice in the Re-Integration of Offenders

Concentrations of unemployment and crime are promoting a slow crisis in the lives of unskilled young men, and obstruct the successful re-integration and resettlement of offenders. At the same time, criminal justice system programmes for offenders are seeking a new balance between treatment approaches and the creation of opportunities. In this article the author reflects on the policy frameworks which give rise to these approaches, and considers the danger that criminal justice systems may place emphasis on diverting people from crime without directing them towards opportunities for re-integration. The author considers the needs of offenders in relation to housing and employment in particular.     

商业贿赂的公司治理控制

将公司治理理论作用于反商业贿赂领域是一种全新视角下的防治手段,其价值取向在于充分运用公司组织结构的自身力量治理防范各种在商业活动中极易出现的商业贿赂.以公司治理结构与反商业贿赂行为在主体与整体目标要素的契合,通过独立董事制度的建立与完善、强化公司内部相关主体的诚信义务和问责机制以及建立与运用公司社会责任机制等从公司自身制度层面最大限度地治理商业贿赂.     

论公职人员职务犯罪及其预防

公职人员职务犯罪问题,是国际犯罪学领域一个具有普遍性的问题。文章就公职人员职务犯罪的类型、主要特点及其犯罪心理特征作了具体分析,据此针对公职人员犯罪的预防从三个方面提出对策,即一要建立权力运行的约束机制,由权力反腐为主转向制度反腐为主;二要改革现行的监督体制,加大监督力度,确保有效监督的实现;三要加强职业培训,实行科学管理,提高公职人员廉洁自律的整体素质。     

首都社会治安整体防控战略的理论基础和实践价值

首都社会治安整体防控战略以系统论、情报本质理论、行政管理理论为支撑,以精确指导为灵魂,以精确打击和严密防范为内容.该战略是新时期指导公安工作的纲领,是构建和谐社会理论在公安工作中的充分体现,是加强党的执政能力建设和强化社会治安防控体系建设的时代要求,是党中央提出的科学发展观的具体落实,能够确保实现首都社会治安的长期稳定.     

Olweus Bullying Prevention Program: Components Implemented by Elementary Classroom and Specialist Teachers

We investigated implementation fidelity of programmatic activities of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program (OBPP) among 2,022 teachers, 88.5% female, from 88 elementary schools located in Pennsylvania. Results indicated that the majority of respondents had attended the school kick-off event, posted the rules in the classroom, and explained the rules to students. Receiving booster sessions and activities involving parental involvement were the least likely elements to have been performed. Logistic regression analyses revealed that teachers with confidence in their ability to implement the OBPP had completed all of the OBPP programmatic activities. Similarly, multiple regression analysis results revealed that teachers with self-efficacy to implement the OBPP implemented more components than respondents without self-efficacy. In addition, teachers with more OBPP experience were more likely to have completed individual-level activities. Our findings reveal that certain OBPP components are easier to perform than others and that implementer characteristics matter.     

情报导防在经济犯罪侦查中的应用研究

为适应经济犯罪总量不断攀升、体系化、组织化等特点日趋明显的经济犯罪形势,实现对经济犯罪的有效防控和准确预警,不仅需要持之以恒地对经济犯罪进行打击,更需要防患于未然,建立由情报主导犯罪防控的经济犯罪侦查工作新机制。具体到运行流程中,在情报信息收集上报中需实现“专群”联动,针对需要的情报信息类型,拓展情报收集的来源;在分析研判中要实现“动静”兼顾,既分析个案特点和地区经济犯罪形势,又做好专项内容分析;在结果转化中要坚持“内外”结合,为政府部门、企事业单位和社会成员提供服务。     

行为无价值论与积极一般预防

犯罪是和刑罚相对应的概念,合理的违法性论必定与能够充分发挥其效果的刑罚论相联系;离开对刑罚相关问题的认识,不可能清晰地揭示犯罪的本质。特殊预防和由费尔巴哈所首倡的消极一般预防都存在明显缺陷。积极一般预防论的主旨是通过指导公众的行为,确立公众对于规范的认同、尊重进而预防犯罪。行为无价值二元论认为犯罪的本质是违反行为规范进而造成法益侵害,刑法的目的就是维护社会基本行为准则的存在并最终保护法益,相应地,对刑罚的目的就不应当定位于通过威慑来阻止现实或者潜在的犯罪人和社会一般人今后不犯罪,而是要凸显规范的意义,引导公众按照行为规范行事,因而主张积极的、规范的一般预防,使犯罪论和刑罚论浑然一体、前后照应。肯定积极的一般预防论有助于准确认定中止犯、过失犯;同时,不会造成重刑化,不会无端限制个人行动自由。