协商民主监督在民主监督环节中的作用与方法探析

以协商为基本方式,通过提出意见、批评和建议而进行的协商民主监督,在民主监督环节中发挥着对执政党和国家机构实施政治监督的作用。但是,当前协商民主监督,却存在内容空泛、方法固化、作用松软三大缺陷。增强协商民主监督在民主监督环节中的作用,要从监督的主体、方式和机制三方面着力,努力提高监督质量,不断强化监督力度,切实增强监督成效。     

"9·11时代"美国对外战略的危险"创新"

"9·11时代"美国对外战略的危险"创新"是:以"布什主义"为基本原则;以建立"新帝国"为最高目标;为实施"新帝国"战略而严重夸大外部威胁;以对"流氓国家"的"预防性战争"、"政权更迭"和"民主化改造"作为"新帝国"扩张基本手段。这些"创新"相互影响,其危险是:践踏国家主权平等、和平解决国际争端等当代国际法和国际关系基本原则,加剧国际军备竞赛和"安全困境",威胁世界和平与发展。     

关于加强工会理论研究的几点意见

工会的理论和政策研究不要封闭地搞 ,要放开眼界 ,并提出工会的对策和社会主张 ;依法调整劳动关系 ,要切实贯彻落实“两个机制” ,同时要加强对“两个机制”的研究 ;国有企业全心全意依靠工人阶级 ,要通过职代会实现职工的参与 ,私营企业、外资企业也应该按照这样的精神实现职工参与 ;建立现代企业制度 ,实行科学管理 ,要包括职工的民主管理 ,没有职工的民主管理 ,就不是现代企业制度 ;工会要把困难职工群体作为维护工作的重点 ,搞好社会保障工作。     

网络犯罪是一种典型的最新犯罪（下）

2、犯罪危害的严重性国际计算机安全专家认为,网络犯罪社会危害性的大小,取决于计算机信息系统的社会作用,取决于社会资产计算机网络化的程度和计算机普及应用的程度,其作用越大,计算机犯罪的社会危害性也越来越大。据英国打击高技术犯罪机构的调查,2003年网络犯罪给英国人公司     

"入世"后走私犯罪的特点、成因及对策

"入世"后,走私犯罪并不会因关税税率的降低和进口管制措施的放开而趋于减少,而是会在走私对象、行为方式、规模及手法等方面呈现出许多新特点.针对产生的这些新特点和原因,采取综合治理的方法,才能从根本上减少和控制走私犯罪的发生.     

行人违章交通事故归责原则异议

行人与机动车驾驶者均要求有效率地使用道路,管理者也有同样的要求。法律应如何面对各方面的效率需求?何种效率才是法律本身所追求的价值?是否像有的学者所指责的“取效率而弃公平”?本文以法律经济学分析方法,分析认为该条例所牺牲的恰恰是社会效率。     

Intensive psychological treatment of high-risk violent offenders: Outcomes and pre-release mechanisms

Research on correlates of intervention programmes that reduce expected reconviction rates (‘what works’ literature, Risk–Need–Responsivity model) has been highly influential in criminal justice systems throughout much of the western world. But while this psychological research has been acquiring widespread recognition, a deeper understanding of how programmes work and of mechanisms for desistance more generally, has still to develop. This research reports results of a quasi-experimental recidivism outcome study for a series of prison units that provide intensive psychological treatment to high-risk, persistently violent prisoners. Four outcomes were examined over the first 12 months following release on parole: parole violations, new convictions, new convictions for violence, and imprisonment sentences resulting from new convictions. Alongside these results, we conducted preliminary analyses of two potential pre-release mechanisms for surviving the first 12 months on parole without reconviction: lower dynamic risk for violence, and greater release readiness. We found that dynamic violence risk fully accounted for differences between treatment completers and comparison prisoners in proportions reconvicted for violence. However, in all other cases, the proposed mechanisms did not significantly explain treatment-related differences. We close by considering possible explanations for these unexpected results, and reiterating the importance to our field of more sophisticated treatment outcome research.     

Market Darwinism vs. Market Creationism: Adaptability and Fairness in the Design of Greenhouse Gas Trading Mechanisms

International rule-making and compliance routines with respect to the Kyoto Protocol are evolving rapidly. This paper examines potential designs of emissions-trading programs by comparing the emissions credit trading (ECT) and cap-and-trade models for achieving cost-effective reductions in atmospheric greenhouse-gas (GHG) loading in terms of their adaptability and fairness. Adaptability is a valuable attribute when markets and their governing institutions are evolving rapidly or when regulated entities do not yet have well-established and predictable compliance routines. Fairness in both procedures and outcomes is central to efforts to establish and maintain institutions of international governance. The key difference concerns the awarding of tradable emission rights, which occurs at the launch of a cap-and-trade program but following when firms reduce emissions below baselines in an ECT scheme. Implications of this difference are explored in terms of institutional adaptability and fairness during program-design stages. By not locking in emission rights at the outset, and by being amenable to incremental roll-out, ECT appears to have superior adaptive and fairness qualities during periods of rapid institutional evolution.     

公共管理责任机制与我国责任型政府的构建

公共管理责任机制作为一种约束政府行为的有效机制,把政府与公民联系起来,并促使政府最终对公民负责。迄今为止,公共管理产生了两种责任机制,即传统责任机制与管理主义责任机制。基于对传统责任机制和管理主义责任机制的比较与分析,我国责任型政府的构建,应着重从以下几个方面进行:转变政府职能,建立有限政府;创新施政理念,建立人本政府;坚持依法行政,建立法治政府;完善监督机制,建立透明政府;加强行政伦理,自觉履行责任。     

由“问责风暴”谈公务员行政法律责任的完善

一段时间以来,国内安全事故频频见诸报端,有不少官员被依法追究行政法律责任,其影响之大被媒体形容为中国掀起"问责风暴"。这种现象应当引起我们对公务员行政法律责任完善的思考,问责应当形成常态机制,而不能是运动式的追责效果,在这方面可以借鉴香港地区的"廉政公署"制度,健全公务员行政问责机制。