论乌干达防治艾滋病社区支持模式的社会法律制度

乌干达曾经是艾滋病肆虐最严重的非洲国家,但乌干达政府自1986年开始实施了大规模的防治艾滋病行动,建立适应乌干达国情的防控艾滋病工作体系。乌干达防治艾滋病社区支持模式始于1987年的坎旺卡社区支持活动,并迅速在全国推广,形成了政府干预和指导的法律机制、医疗和物资支持制度、非歧视的社区关爱机制、宗教团体等非政府组织参与机制等基本制度。通过加强立法,完善对社区支持模式的法律规范、充分利用社会资源、加强社区服务的技术指导和对艾滋病孤儿的援助等措施使该项制度不断完善。     

The Distinctive Characteristics and Needs of Domestic Violence Victims in a Native American Community

The objectives of the research described in this paper were to describe specific features of Native American domestic violence (DV), and identify the needs and barriers to service delivery for American Indians experiencing DV. Qualitative methods of data collection were used in this research. The results suggest that DV in Native American communities may be distinct in a number of ways. The cause of Native American DV may be anchored in historic trauma, poverty, alcohol and drugs, and rural isolation. Cultural and economic features of Native American DV are discussed. The complexity of DV in the Native American community, its association with a number of co-morbid problems, suggests a multi-modal intervention approach and collaboration among a variety of professionals.     

各具特色的欧洲监狱

欧洲监狱各具特色。法国监狱宗教教育与人文主义关爱并重 ;英国监狱对罪犯可以体罚 ,对如何体罚法律予以明示 ;德国监狱强调责任感 ,尊重和保护罪犯的尊严 ;瑞典监狱的开放和宽松程度是多数国家所不及的 ;荷兰监狱的惩罚属性已日益淡化。所有这一切 ,体现了不同国家的行刑思想与矫正理念。     

美国监狱签约外包简评

签约外包是美国监狱私有化的主要形式。这一形式在实践过程中出现了影响后续竞争、平衡承包者与政府利益关系困难以及政府部门信息劣势所导致的监督、评价难题等问题。引入绩效为基础的合同和提高管理契约关系的艺术 ,签约方式私有化也许有着乐观的发展前景。     

Humanising Imprisonment: A European project?

This paper focuses on the continued significance of human rights in the movement to develop a more comprehensive European framework to improve prison conditions. It identifies the immediate factors that underlie the movement as the successful implementation of the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment and Punishment; the growing number of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights applying the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms to prison matters; the expansion of the number of member states of the Council of Europe; and the increased political interest at European level in penological matters. Attention is also paid to the wider ideological role that a concern for human rights plays in European criminal justice politics. The paper illustrates the reform movement by focussing on recent recommendations of the Council of Europe on various aspects of imprisonment, including the new European Prison Rules. The possible emergence of an international instrument of treaty status that would deal directly with substantive conditions of imprisonment is noted and its potential impact considered. An argument is made for the systemisation of European prison law and for further reform initiatives.     

暴动越狱罪研究

暴动越狱罪出现于我国刑法典尚属首次。本文就该罪的沿革、概念、构成、适用等问题进行了探讨     

狱内犯罪的特点、原因及对策

狱内犯罪作为客观存在的一种社会现象 ,给监狱乃至社会造成的负面影响是显而易见的。针对狱内犯罪的现状 ,分析原因 ,制定对策 ,最大限度地预防和控制狱内犯罪 ,保障监狱的安全 ,是监狱工作永恒的主题。     

从监狱到社区——新加坡罪犯改造理论及实践介绍

如何改造罪犯,使其重返社会自食其力,是各国关心的一个重大问题。从1825年第一个简陋羁押场所到现在的功能齐全的樟宜监狱中心,新加坡监狱发生了巨大的变化。其罪犯改造理念也不断发展,监狱的职能由简单的关押、惩罚罪犯向帮助罪犯改造、重返社会转变,改造形式由封闭向半封闭及开放逐步过渡,社区在罪犯矫正中的作用不断得到强化。新加坡在罪犯改造方面的实践,特别是其以劳动技能培训、社区参与为核心实行的一系列具体措施及其执行方式能给予我国罪犯改造实践一些启发。     

Lithuania’s Anti-corruption Policy: Between The “West” And The “East”?

European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research - Corruption is still a serious problem in Lithuania as well as in the majority of new European states. It reveals itself not only through regular...     

论无船承运业务下的海上货物留置权

本文通过对国际船舶运输经营者占有第三人货物的主观心理状态的考察以及对无船承运业务经营者占有货物的特殊状态的分析 ,分别就他们是否享有海上货物留置权进行了论述。