Common past - different paths: Exploring state regulation of private security industry in Eastern Europe and post-Soviet republics

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we explore the nature of the security guard industry with a focus on security guard employment relative to police officer, the diverse legislative guidelines pertaining to the scope of their functions, employment eligibility, training, and legal powers in the new independent and post-socialist countries in Eastern Europe and post-Soviet republics. Findings suggest that despite the rapid proliferation of private security industry in the post-socialist countries relative to the gradual growth experienced in the European continent in many of the new independent states, public police continue to play a critical role in the form of employees of state-owned security guard companies. Further, we find considerable disparity in the employment ratios of police officers and security guards in these countries though not much variation in the rigor of legislative framework for private security guard employment in the post-socialist nations appeared, which was minimal at best.     

当前中国私营企业劳动关系研究

国际金融危机凸显了中国私营企业劳动关系的本质——雇佣。但在社会主义市场经济条件下,中国私营企业劳动关系却又呈现出不同于资本主义剥削的社会主义特色。正是这种具有社会主义特色的雇佣,决定了中国私营企业劳动关系的现状是复杂的、不平衡的、然而又不是不可调和的。危机影响下,私营企业劳动关系矛盾正在加剧,构建私营企业和谐劳动关系对劳方、资方及政府三方来说,都是迫在眉睫之事。     

我国执法权配置的法律实证分析

执法权是国家权力体系中最活跃、最重要的一项权力,其行使的得当与否与每个公民的切身利益息息相关。然而,从目前的情况看,我国执法权的行使还存在着令人忧虑的问题:一方面执法权交叉重叠;另一方面执法权又行使不力。造成这一结果的直接原因是我国的法律制度在执法权配置上存在漏洞,即现行立法过多迁就旧的行政管理体制,过于强调部门的利益,执法权被支解,执法主体过多过滥;同时现行法律制度过于注重对执法行为的约束,忽略执法权的科学配置。这些问题都有待于在我国的立法过程中逐步得到解决,即加强与完善我国各级政府的组织立法,规范各级执法权。     

论物权法中共有关系的法定与约定规则

共有关系是按份共有人与共同共有人在共有财产的利用、管理关系中所形成的各种法律关系。物权立法应该为共有关系自治性管理留下空间。     

司法体制改革背景下司法警院警察体育教学研究 ——以广东司法警官职业学院为例

新时期司法体制改革背景下,狱内最低伤害武力控制理念的提出及技能运用,对司法警院警察体育教学的改革提出了新要求。对司法警院警察体育教学的改革措施等进行探讨分析,旨在为进一步提高我国司法警院警察体育教学水平,提升学警们的防卫控制技术水平以及增强监狱警察处理突发事件的能力和警察的法制意识、安全意识、责任意识等提供参考。     

PRIVATIZING PUNISHMENT: TESTING THEORIES OF PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR PRIVATE PRISON AND IMMIGRATION DETENTION FACILITIES

The transfer of authority over the supervision of inmate populations from state and federal governments to private corporations is one of the most significant contemporary developments in the criminal justice system. Yet, the controversy surrounding the private prison industry has occurred in U.S. criminal justice policy circles without any understanding of the public's preferences toward these institutions. In this article, we test several theories that potentially explain opinions toward privatizing carceral institutions: the racial animus, business is better, conflict of interest, and problem‐escalation models. These models are tested with original data from the 2014 Cooperative Congressional Election Survey. The data show that opinions toward the privatization of carceral institutions do not neatly fall along partisan or ideological divisions but are explained by beliefs about racial resentment, corporate ethics, and the potential ability of private companies to provide services cheaper than the public sphere. The results hold important implications for how we understand the future of private carceral institutions in the United States.     

论少数民族传统文化知识的开发利用与政府保护

市场经济条件下开发和利用少数民族传统文化已成为民族地区发展特色经济、实现社会可持续发展的自觉行为。然而市场经济也对民族传统文化构成巨大冲击,在开发利用中常出现侵害少数民族传统文化知识权利、伤害民族感情的事。对此问题,现有知识产权法保护存在明显不足。民族地区政府作为民族传统文化权利主体的法定代表,应充分利用政府行为推动民族传统文化知识产权保护立法,同时采取行政措施保护民族传统文化知识,维护民族传统文化权利主体利益。     

我国应对炸弹恐吓事件的工作缺失及其对策

近来,我国境内发生多起炸弹恐吓事件,造成了较大伤亡和财产损失,引起了社会公众的恐慌。炸弹恐吓事件有各种特征及其成因,我国应对此类事件有一些缺失,要采取一些对策预防和打击炸弹恐吓事件。     

论公司、企业人员受贿犯罪主体的立法完善

《刑法》第163条规定了公司、企业人员受贿罪,但这一规定,仅将犯罪主体规定为公司、企业的工作人员,而没有将其他单位的人员包括在内,因此会导致非公司、企业的单位人员利用职务上的便利收受贿赂的行为无法处理。这一漏洞需要通过修改《刑法》对公司、企业受贿罪的规定,扩大其犯罪主体的范围来解决。     

Citizen Redress in Public Contracting for Human Services

This article examines from a regulatory perspective the legal position of citizens in respect of contracted out human services. It argues that the inadequate protection of individual interests and the public interest here is a reflection of increasingly complex relationships between the state and independent sectors, expressed in the essentially hybrid character of contemporary public service organisation. Accordingly a hybrid reform strategy, rather than one that attempts to extend or develop private or public law in any particular direction, is most likely to be successful in addressing associated legal governance problems. The attainment of improved redress for service recipients, and increased accountability of contractors and other parties engaged in human services networks, requires the careful tailoring of remedies to the conditions prevailing in particular sectors. The goal of responsive law should be to foster qualities of good administration and respect for fundamental public interest values within the whole range of regulated agencies and bodies performing public service functions.