Age Estimation in Living Adults using 3D Volume Rendered CT Images of the Sternal Plastron and Lower Chest

Age estimation is commonly of interest in a judicial context. In adults, it is less documented than in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate age estimation in adults using CT images of the sternal plastron with volume rendering technique (VRT). The evaluation criteria are derived from known methods used for age estimation and are applicable in living or dead subjects. The VRT images of 456 patients were analyzed. Two radiologists performed age estimation independently from an anterior view of the plastron. Interobserver agreement and correlation coefficients between each reader's classification and real age were calculated. The interobserver agreement was 0.86, and the correlation coefficients between readers classifications and real age classes were 0.60 and 0.65. Spearman correlation coefficients were, respectively, 0.89, 0.67, and 0.71. Analysis of the plastron using VRT allows age estimation in vivo quickly and with results similar than methods such as Iscan, Suchey–Brooks, and radiographs used to estimate the age of death.     

A Procedure for Calculating the Vertical Space Height of the Sacrum When Determining Skeletal Height for Use in the Anatomical Method of Adult Stature Estimation

Estimating stature from skeletonized remains is one of the essential parameters in the development of a biological profile. A new procedure for determining skeletal height (SKH) incorporating the vertical space height (VSH) from the anterior margin of the sacral promontory to the superior margins of the acetabulae for use in the anatomical method of stature estimation is introduced. Regression equations for stature estimation were generated from measurements of 38 American males of European ancestry from the William M. Bass Donated Skeletal Collection. The modification to the procedure results in a SKH that is highly correlated with stature (r = 0.925–0.948). Stature estimates have low standard errors of the estimate ranging from 21.79 to 25.95 mm, biases from to 0.50 to 0.94 mm, and accuracy rates from 17.71 mm to 19.45 mm. The procedure for determining the VSH, which replaces “S1 height” in traditional anatomical method models, is a key improvement to the method.     

Bidimensional Data Allow for Better Age Estimation on Immature Specimens than Unidimensional Data: A Preliminary Study on the Ilium

Most biometric age estimation methods used in anthropological and forensic science for juveniles are based on unidimensional measurements (length or width). Here, a new method using bidimensional data was tested. A 3D morphometric analysis was performed on 108 CT scans of ilium bone of juveniles (from 20 gestational weeks to 12 years old). The sample was divided into training and validation groups. Best predictors were determined by comparing the efficiency of each variable (length, width, area, and module: a product of length and width). We established linear and polynomial regressions for each parameter for both sides. Applying the equations to the validation sample showed no significant difference between real and predicted ages. For age estimation, the area and module parameters yielded better results than unidimensional measurements. The results from this preliminary study were highly conclusive, and it would be interesting to extend the work, covering larger samples, and other bones.     

Eye colour single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) variants in Thai population

Human eye colour is recognized as one of the visible characterized features that would be valuable for forensic identification by predicting these phenotypes with particular genotypes. Recent gene association study had figured the remarkable variants mainly in OCA2 and HERC2 genes. In this study, eight human eye colour single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five pigmentation genes, OCA2 (rs7495174, rs4778241 and rs4778138), HERC2 (rs12913832 and rs1667394), SLC24A4 (rs12896399), SLC45A2 (rs16891982) and TYR (rs1393350) were investigated in 374 Thai samples. The homozygote genotypes were predominantly observed in rs16891982 (GG/0.9920), rs1393350 (GG/0.9973) and rs12913832 (AA/0.9866). The allele frequency comparison with other populations in HapMap had identified the major allele of East Asia and Thai. Furthermore, the analysis of haplotype block of HERC2-OCA2 comprised five SNPs (rs12913832, rs1667394, rs7495174, rs4778241 and rs4778138) presented the most haplotype was AG-GAG (0.5199), which was rarely observed in European population.     

论流动人口管理的地区间警务交流与协作

当前,随着经济社会的大变革和人财物的大流动,各类刑事犯罪活动越来越突破时空的概念,呈现出跨区流窜、快进快出的基本特征。加强地区间的警务交流与协作,在目前显得更为重要与迫切。     

我国流动人口犯罪的防控策略——基于“破窗理论”的本土化思考

“破窗理论”是从心理角度分析犯罪现象延伸发展的原因，主张以控制“犯罪场”为基本手段来防控犯罪的理论学说。这一理论，对于我国防控因人口流动所带来的犯罪剧增现象，具有借鉴意义。“破窗理论”的应用，应当从我国流动人口犯罪的现实国情出发，深化网格化管理模式，建立宏观制度上“防破”和微观现象上“修窗”相呼应的防控体系，并使二者形成合力。     

论《户政与人口管理》课堂教学的有效性

目前,《户政与人口管理》课程已开展的课堂教学改革就其总体而言取得了一定的效果,但是对课程教学理念的理解还不到位,教学的实施者缺乏必要的经验和能力、实践课程教学设施也比较短缺,使得课堂教学过程中出现了形式化、低效化的现象。提升本课程课堂教学的有效性是深化本门课程改革的关键和根本要求。     

浅谈流动人口犯罪防控机制建设

胡锦涛总书记在十七大报告中指出要加强流动人口服务和管理,健全社会治安防控体系,加强社会治安综合治理,推动建设和谐社会。我国刑事犯罪实际状况表明,流动人口犯罪是当前影响社会治安稳定的重要因素之一。公安机关一要转变角色,发动社会力量,群防群治,二要针对犯罪热点,治理诱发犯罪的物理空间。     

浅议老年化社会的问题及对策

:据统计 ,我国老年人口已达到 1.3亿 ,占全国人口的 10 % ,按联合国的有关标准 ,我国已进入老年化社会。人口老龄化的现状与问题应予以重视 ,人口老龄化的负面效应需采取相应的措施来减少