完善我国搜查程序之构想——以两大法系搜查程序为借鉴

搜查对有效惩罚犯罪,减少或避免因犯罪造成的损失具有重要作用,但又可能对被追诉人及案外人的人身及财产权造成侵犯.我国刑事诉讼法及相关的司法解释对搜查的主体、搜查证、搜查的过程等问题进行了规定,但仍存在诸多问题.借鉴两大法系搜查程序的相关规定,提出完善我国搜查程序的设想.     

刑事程序合法性原则论纲

刑事程序合法性原则是宪法性原则在刑事诉讼法上的直接体现。该原则经历了从形式到实质的历史演变过程 ,其宪法根基在两大法系分别为正当程序原则与法律保留原则。该原则在我国司法实践中问题重重 ,需要明晰其适用范围及其例外 ,并分析与其相关的司法审查原则、比例原则的关系。     

论行政强制检查

结合行政检查在实践中的运用以及正在酝酿制定中的《行政强制法》的相关内容,参考国外经验,对我国行政强制检查理论和制度应给予充分关注。行政强制检查权必须依法设定,权力分配应贯彻比例原则,其行使过程应加强程序监控和疏通救济渠道,同时充分保障相对方的合法权利。     

宪法价值分析

宪法价值可以分为内在价值、工具性价值与作为评价标准的价值三个层次,分别体现宪法价值的神圣性与世俗化,并从中引申出宪法价值的中立性。宪法价值的三层次在程序正当设计中体现,并通过宪法实施而得到实现。     

Procedural justice and ethical decision making

Procedural justice, in the form of voice and respectful treatment by supervisor, and ethical decision making are examined in this research. Ethical decision making is hypothesized to be a direct function of moral intent, as indicated by willingness to use moral criteria in decision making. Moral intent is, in turn, expected to be a function of the decision-making context, including perceptions of voice, respect and trust between supervisor and subordinate, and moral climate. Individual moral development is also expected to have a positive effect on moral intent. Results generally support the model, with two exceptions. First, perception of voice has a negative effect on moral intent, while caring climate and respectful supervisory relations have the expected positive effect on moral intent. These results suggest either a compensatory model of ethical decision making or a complacency effect. Second, individual characteristics had very little effect on either the decision made or the level of moral intent developed, save for one decision. These results suggest an important overlooked variable, the salience of issues for procedural justice concerns.     

解释犯罪与价值中立

再现犯罪、揭示罪因 ,有益于把决策者和公众拉回现实 ,检讨其对犯罪的反应程度和方式 ;有益于向普通人提供深度关照自己的视角 ;有益于揭示个人、社会和国家极易被害的具体细节 ,使其整体对策选择更具理性     

试论国内仲裁司法监督的范围

独立性和一裁终局性体现了仲裁制度的基本精神,仲裁裁决由于其准司法特点,也必然受制于国家司法权力的监督和制约。我国《仲裁法》所建构的对国内仲裁进行实体性和程序性全面司法监督的体制,在现实中存在监督不当的可能,更重要的是与仲裁制度本质以及与民事诉讼机制平衡关系等存在抵触。从制度构建的角度来讲,应改而确立司法对仲裁的程序性监督机制,保证司法机制和仲裁机制在民商事纠纷处理机制上的平衡关系。     

浅析保释制度的诉讼价值及其借鉴性

保释制度是指对被逮捕或羁押待侦查、审判的人提供担保后予以释放的制度。保释最早产生于英国 ,经过漫长的历史发展形成今日较为完备的一项以保障人身自由为目的的制度。保释制度为国际社会所接受是以其内在诉讼价值作为依托和支撑的 ,其所蕴含的权利保障理念对我国的取保候审制度有一定的借鉴意义。吸取其合理因素来改造取保候审对我国来说更为有利。     

The relationship of the outcome and procedural fairness: How does knowing the outcome influence judgments about the procedure?

Justice theories distinguish between fair procedures and fair or favorable outcomes. However, it is not clear whether people can clearly separate judgments about procedures from knowledge of the outcomes of those procedures. Two experiments are reported which address that question. In both studies respondents evaluate the fairness of decision-making procedures. In one case those evaluations occur prior to knowing the outcome of the procedure (behind the veil), while in the other the outcome is known before the procedural evaluation (in front of the veil). Two hypotheses about outcome influence are tested: that knowing the outcome changes themeaning of procedural fairness and that knowing the outcome changes theweight given to procedural fairness. Findings of both studies suggest that prior knowledge about the outcome does not change the way people define the meaning of the fairness of a procedure. However, people place less weight on their judments about procedural fairness when evaluating the decision maker if they make those judgments already knowing the outcome of the procedure.     

议海上保险代位求偿之诉的程序障碍

虽然近些年来理论界对海上保险代位求偿权的相关问题做出了较多的分析和研究,但在程序问题上仍然存在争议,例如被保险人对第三人的诉讼已进行至二审和执行程序时,保险人赔付后如何行使代位求偿权,目前实践中对此认知还比较混乱。从相关法律法规出发,结合理论和实务进行讨论,以期为理解中国的海上保险代位求偿权程序法律制度提供思路。