痕检技术实验教学如何体现公安特色

公安院校应正确理解公安教育痕检技术实验课的性质,针对目前各公安高校课程实置和实施的现状,结合公安实践中的需要,改革公安痕检技术实验课的教学模式,分类设置,实施多种教学方法,提高教学效果。     

构建检察机关自身反腐倡廉制度体系的思考

检察机关作为国家法律监督机关，必须首先抓好自身的反腐倡廉制度体系建设。该制度体系建设应当从实际出发、突出重点、层次分明，同时，要充分发挥制度体系建设在惩治和预防腐败中的核心保障作用。     

公检法三机关分工、配合、制约原则质疑

公检法三机关分工、配合、制约的原则是特定历史条件下的产物,在当时的历史条件下有其合理因素,但不能否认这一原则背离了诉讼的基本原理,也与现代刑事司法价值观不符,已不适应作为基本原则在刑事诉讼中的规定。应重塑公检法三机关的关系,构建一体化的检警关系格局,实行起诉书一本主义,提高犯罪嫌疑人、被告人诉讼地位,扩大辩护律师的刑事诉讼中的参与范围。     

对取消治安行政审批后娱乐场所治安管理的思考

取消娱乐场所设立的治安审批是顺应社会主义市场经济发展的客观要求,但同时也给公安机关传统治安管理模式带来了严峻的挑战,为此,公安机关必须增强服务意识、创新意识,积极探索新形势下娱乐场所治安管理新机制。     

民事行政检察工作效率探略

相比公正主题而言,无论法学理论界还是司法实践部门,对民事行政检察的办案效率的研究都非常薄弱,甚至出现了不少偏差和误导。因此,如何在保证质量同时,提高民事行政检察的办案效率,就是摆在各级检察机关面前的一个紧迫而又具体的实际问题。文章结合当前民事行政检察办案的具体情况,深入探查影响民事行政检察办案效率的原因,就如何提高民事行政检察办案效率进行了探讨。     

论物证检验的数码影像接合重叠方法

数码影像的特征接合重叠比对是取代传统特征接合重叠法的重要方法之一,其在检验中具有明显的可行性及操作优势。     

证人出庭作证问题研究

证人出庭作证是保证司法公正的基本措施。针对我国司法实践中普通存在的证人拒绝出庭作证的现象 ,有必要从转变司法观念 ,建立强制证人出庭作证制度 ,完善证人保护制度 ,贯彻直接言词原则 ,建立证人特权制度等方面 ,有效解决证人出庭作证的问题。     

三维立体显微镜在文件检验中的应用

目的通过应用先进的仪器设备,让我们从另一个角度观察文检痕迹特征,寻找到一个文件检验的新视角。方法利用三维立体显微镜,从微观的三维状态下分析文检的痕迹特征(上下位置)。结果能有效区别笔迹书写与印章的先后顺序;打印字迹和印章的先后顺序,同一支笔书写形成的交叉笔划的先后顺序;准确区别打印文书和复印文书等。结论借助三维立体显微镜,能使文件检验水平向前迈进一步。     

The forensic investigation of vehicle–pedestrian collisions: A review

Rapid urbanisation, a steady increase in the number of vehicles, speeding, negligence in road safety, and other factors have led to the inevitable worldwide growth of road traffic accidents involving pedestrians. According to the ‘Global Status Report on Road Safety’ released by the World Health Organization, road traffic collisions are one of the leading causes of death for people of all ages, with approximately 1.35 million road fatality deaths occurring globally each year. Figures from the report also highlight that a large part of road deaths involves pedestrians as the most vulnerable road users. Therefore, forensic examination of vehicle–pedestrian collisions has become increasingly important in the detection, investigation and reduction of road casualties and permanent development of this discipline is urgently needed. Thus, this article aims to review the capability and effectiveness of forensic examination in tackling road fatalities and explores the most important aspects of this discipline, such as nature of a vehicle–pedestrian collision, common issues resolved by this type of examination and typical physical evidence used in the reconstruction of vehicle–pedestrian collisions. Moreover, the paper outlines the latest advances and approaches in the field.     

Color Separation in Forensic Image Processing Using Interactive Differential Evolution

Color separation is an image processing technique that has often been used in forensic applications to differentiate among variant colors and to remove unwanted image interference. This process can reveal important information such as covered text or fingerprints in forensic investigation procedures. However, several limitations prevent users from selecting the appropriate parameters pertaining to the desired and undesired colors. This study proposes the hybridization of an interactive differential evolution (IDE) and a color separation technique that no longer requires users to guess required control parameters. The IDE algorithm optimizes these parameters in an interactive manner by utilizing human visual judgment to uncover desired objects. A comprehensive experimental verification has been conducted on various sample test images, including heavily obscured texts, texts with subtle color variations, and fingerprint smudges. The advantage of IDE is apparent as it effectively optimizes the color separation parameters at a level indiscernible to the naked eyes.