行政规范性文件绩效评估的价值取向

行政规范性文件绩效评估是政府绩效评估中的重要内容,其对行政规范性文件能够起到有力的监控作用。明确行政规范性文件绩效评估的价值取向是开展评估活动的基础,既能使评估活动有一个正确方向,也能对评估活动起到指导作用。但在近年来的评估实践中,对其价值取向往往存在着许多错误的认识,如认为其仅限于促进社会经济发展、加强行政管理等方面,也有将其定位于普适性的价值,不切合行政规范性文件绩效评估的具体实践。行政规范性文件绩效评估作为一种专项评估活动,其价值取向应当体现在法治行政、人本法律观和服务行政三个方面。     

我国地方政府绩效评估指标数据仓库的代表性对象选取和构建——以江苏四市为研究点

在中国这样的大国,各个地区之间在自然、地理、历史、社会等很多方面千差万别,由于这种异质性的存在,地方政府绩效评估指标的设计是一项噪音很多的系统工程,利用数据挖掘技术建设绩效指标数据仓库并进行挖掘可以有效解决这种异质性问题。论文首先通过标准比的形式,探讨了如何在我国筛选研究对象问题,然后通过将数据挖掘引入政府绩效评估指标设计研究,并以Microsoft SQL Server 2005作为数据挖掘软件,以江苏四市(苏州、南京、盐城、徐州)作为研究对象,在处理国家统计年鉴、地方统计年鉴、部门统计年鉴、政府及其各部门的工作计划与方案、工作记录等海量信息的基础上建立了四市的数据仓库,为进一步进行指标挖掘打下了基础。     

美国的矫正评估

监狱行刑的效果如何,一直是监狱学界争议的问题。美国监狱行刑的效果评估最具代表性。在评估决策方面,矫正评估委员会独立运作。矫正协会设立的标准委员会负责提出标准,交由两个组织审评;评估证书由标准委员会授予;由矫正协会颁发。对监狱矫正评估的基本内容包括了警戒、安全、秩序、看护、活动(计划方案)、公正、生活状况和有效个人管理等因素。对罪犯的个案评估包括对个人或小组咨询、职业训练、工作释放、假释监督以及整容手术等。     

理性对待企业社会责任——兼评我国《公司法》中的企业社会责任条款

通过对我国《公司法》中的企业社会责任条款的实证分析表明,企业社会责任不是空洞的宣言,它的价值理念蕴涵在《公司法》中,通过相关的条款予以体现.对企业社会责任不应该只进行纯理论性的法条解读,有必要将其与实体意义上的惩罚权联系起来,做到理性的对待企业社会责任,以推进企业社会责任在我国的实施.     

New Public Management and Administrative Reforms in Nigeria

This study examines the Nigerian attempts to implement the New Public Management (NPM) reform. The paper aims at identifying the strand, the extent of progress made and the reason(s) for success/failure recorded. The author finds that the poor success story of the reform is as a result of the preference of the more attractive cost-saving neoliberal economic aspect to the more involving and demanding bureaucratic aspect, the inconsistencies in program implementation, and lack of strong political will common to adopting reform in developing countries. The article recommends that reforms require dealing with the critical challenges of institutionalization, inconsistency and legitimization.     

导致法医临床学鉴定结论偏差的原因

随着法制建设的日臻完善和人民群众法制意识的不断增强,法医活体检验方面存在的问题越来越多地被暴露出来,从而使法医临床学鉴定的科学性和公信度大打折扣,使法医鉴定工作陷入尴尬境地。     

A Study of the Background Levels of Male DNA on Underpants Worn by Females

This study is the first to examine the background level of male DNA on underpants worn by females in the absence of sexual contact. Here, we examined 103 samples from the inside front of underpants from 85 female volunteers. Samples were examined for the presence of male DNA using NGM SElect and PowerPlex Y23 kits. Only five samples gave a “complete” Y-STR profile, even though 83.5% of our volunteers cohabited with a male. In all cases where a partner reference sample was available, the Y-STR profile matched the cohabiting partner. We have demonstrated that a Y-STR profile is not expected on the inside front of underpants worn by females after social contact alone. The results of this study are informative for evaluating the significance of a Y-STR profile on underpants in cases of alleged sexual assault.     

法学研究目标受众选择的大数据分析

文章为谁而写,是法学研究需要解决的基础性命题。从近二十年约2.5万篇法学核心期刊文章的大数据机器学习分类结果看,我国的法学研究成果呈多重目标格局,其中近三成服务于执法机关(包括行政机关和司法机关),同时也有为立法者、执政者建言献策的成果。经检验,目标受众类型的选择与论文的传播能力以及获得基金支持的机会之间有显著相关性。这一决定成果影响力大小的机制迟早会被个体习得并不断强化,成为研究者选择目标受众类型的重要因素。该机制良性运转的关键是处理好学者和实践受众的关系,保持学术研究必要的自主性,警惕学术研究在追逐发表、经济支持时被有关主体“认知俘获”。     

Publishing while editor: Transparency and behaviour in public administration journals

Journal editors serve as gatekeepers of knowledge, a role critical to preserving the quality and standards of good research. Some scholars have questioned whether editors have taken advantage of their position to publish their own work. To understand the extent to which editors of public administration journals self-publish, we examined publishing patterns over a 20-year period. We collected the names of editors from the mastheads of 13 generalist public administration journals from 1997 to 2016 and used data indexed from Web of Science to look at articles published in those journals during the same time. We found that while self-publishing behaviour is not common across the entire field, it is a trend for certain journals and individuals. We also found the practice of self-publishing is influenced by whether an individual served in a primary editorial role (e.g., editor-in-chief), length of editorial service, and overall scholarly productivity. We discuss appropriateness and ethical implications of the practice.     

Complexity and hybrid effects in the delivery and evaluation of youth programmes in a remote Indigenous community

Indigenous Australians continue to experience entrenched disadvantage. Despite billions being spent, ‘Closing the Gap’ indicators remain resistant to change. It has become increasingly apparent that progress has been hindered by persistent administration and implementation issues in Indigenous Affairs, especially with the funding modalities deployed. This study uses the remote Queensland Indigenous community of Aurukun as a case study to examine the effectiveness and evaluation problems arising from overlapping programmes delivered to Aurukun children and youth (5–18 years of age). It documents programmatic crowding occurring in Aurukun, which has the potential to place considerable demands on the intended participants, and results in hybridised effects that are not understood. Within this context, robust evaluation – even through the use of sophisticated methods – is near impossible.