Intervention in the Emerging Multipolar System: Why R2P will Miss the Unipolar Moment

Abstract

With the rise of China and Russia, the international system is poised to shift from unipolarity to multipolarity. This article argues that this structural reconfiguration will have—and is having—a profound effect on the future efficacy of the responsibility to protect (R2P). The rise of R2P, we argue, must be situated in the context of the end of the Cold War and the ‘unipolar moment’ this heralded. The efficacy of R2P is predicated on the assumption that moral advocacy can influence liberal democracies to re-orientate their foreign policy priorities towards human rights protection. We argue that the emerging multipolarity will expose the temporal specificity of this strategy and, ultimately, weaken the influence of R2P.     

新疆地区突发事件后警察应激心理状态与干预策略

调查了解新疆地区突发事件警察创伤后应激障碍的发生情况及心理状态。调查采用卫生部心理危机干预小组根据精神疾病诊断手册第四版（DSM-Ⅳ）中关于创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的症状标准编制＂PTSD检查表＂,对亲历＂7.5＂事件现场半年后的民警进行取样。调查显示：有21.2%的民警出现创伤后应激障碍,其中刑警出现创伤后应激障碍的人数最少,派出所民警人数最多。在PTSD症状反应频率中主要以警觉性增高、回避行为和注意力难以集中为主。在PTSD症状反应强度中主要以躯体上的反应和回避行为为主。这些数据足以说明突发事件发生后会给现场救援的警察带来严重的心理影响。因此,对他们的心理干预不但要及时有效而且更要做好长期的心理维护工作。     

警察干预家庭暴力模式的构建——国外、境外的经验与我们的选择

警察是干预家庭暴力的重要职能主体之一,但目前我国还缺乏明确的警察干预家庭暴力的模式和规范。目前国外、境外警察干预家庭暴力的主要模式有三种,即积极介入、限制介入和法定介入。确定我国警察干预家庭暴力的模式面临着法定职责与法定措施不对应、警察权介入家庭暴力的限度定位不明确、缺乏充足的社会支持以及警察自身对干预家庭暴力的态度不够积极等四个方面的困境。综合我国有关家庭暴力的立法和社会文化背景等因素,我国警察干预家庭暴力应采取法定介入和社区警务相结合的模式,并应制定详细的规范操作流程。     

Issues in Implementing a Comprehensive Intervention for Public School Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Many students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are educated separately from their typically developing peers, while others are placed in inclusive classes but without supports that would help them benefit from less restrictive placements. The needs of students with ASD who are in inclusive settings are often not planned for or met appropriately, resulting in continuing problems and movement to increasingly restrictive environments or private placements. There is a critical need for school models to fill the gap in appropriate services for this population of children with ASD. These models should include those that are inclusive and academically challenging, that can be implemented by many school districts, and that are responsive to the unique combination of strengths and deficits in these students. In the current article, the authors describe the development and core components of the model, and implementation of the ASD Nest program in public schools in New York City.     

The Design and Implementation of Early Childhood Intervention Programs: Informing Efforts to Address Risk and Promote Resilience

With the goal of narrowing disparities in children's school success, a growing number of innovative early childhood interventions have been launched. As these interventions begin to show evidence of enhancing children's development, it is important that we understand the design of these interventions and their implementation. This themed issue of the Journal of Prevention and Intervention in the Community includes four articles that each highlight a different early childhood intervention program, and a fifth article that provides a commentary on the main set of articles, from a community perspective. The first article focuses on children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and a program that sought to integrate children with ASD into public schools. The next two articles center on children from low-income families, with a focus on preschool classrooms. The last article discusses a program that aimed to foster young children's school readiness as well as families' readiness for children's transition to school.     

网络舆情预测模型研究

互联网的飞跃发展,既孕育着机遇,同时也带来了前所未有的挑战。公共危机事件网络舆情正是诸多挑战带来"副产品"。为此,本文根据网络舆情传播特性,通过建立Lotka-Volterra模型,对网络舆情的演进过程做出了合理预测。本文考虑了政府和网民在网络舆情中的相互影响,建立两者间的竞争模型,预测竞争中可能产生的结果,寻找竞争中政府与网民间平衡点的位置,为政府在公共危机事件网络舆情发展过程中的干预行为提供依据,同时为衍生舆情的产生提供一定的解释。     

看守所在押人员再犯罪的刑事介入探讨

看守所承担管理和改造在押人员的重要任务,理应是巩固和延伸法律惩戒力的重要阵地。当前的看守所规范化建设既应当加强文明执法,充分保障在押人员合法权益,也要提高对在押人员违规行为乃至重新犯罪问题的重视程度。对涉嫌又犯新罪的行为要介入刑事手段,坚决打击,使行为人罪责刑相适应。刑事介入只有有了充分的法理支撑,理顺启动和执行程序,才具备打击犯罪的应用能力,并体现看守所监管工作机制的科学有效。     

国际社会的民主和法治价值与保护性干预——不干涉内政原则面临的挑战与应对

作为国际法基本原则的不干涉内政原则,主要面临＂内政＂的概念有分歧、＂国际和平与安全＂的外延在扩大、＂保护的责任＂日益凸显以及国际法上的民主与法治价值观更受重视等方面的挑战。中国国际地位的提升以及国家利益的日益扩大,促使中国政府应反思并调整不干涉内政原则。＂保护性干预＂将成为中国应对不干涉内政原则挑战的必然选择。