The ethical implications of prospective payment and corporate medical practice: A research agenda

The major trends in the growth of prospective payment and the corporatization of medical practice in the United States are examined. In particular, the ethical implications of these changes in the context of the multiple system goals of access, cost containment, and quality are considered. Considerable concern is being expressed that with the dominant emphasis on cost containment, the principles of access and quality might be compromised. This paper formulates a research agenda to address this question, based on a review and synthesis of empirical evidence and hypotheses about the probable or actual impact of these changes on the multiple health system goals. A basic premise is that ethical judgments should be grounded in empirical evidence about what actually is or will be.     

论抵押与保证双重担保的求偿

同一债权设有抵押与保证双重担保时,在保证人或抵押人履行担保债务之后,均可向主债务人进行求偿。但对于其中之一的担保人在履行了担保债务后是否有权向其他担保人求偿,仍有疑问。新物权法仅规定,已承担担保责任的担保人有权向债务人追偿。但承担了担保责任的人在向债务人追偿后,若不能得到清偿,还能否向其他担保人追偿的问题仍然没有得到解决。     

Criminal Exploitation of Online Systems by Organised Crime Groups

This article considers how information and communications technologies (ICT) can be used by organised crime groups to infringe legal and regulatory controls. Three categories of groups are identified: traditional organised criminal groups which make use of ICT to enhance their terrestrial criminal activities; organised cybercriminal groups which operate exclusively online; and organised groups of ideologically and politically motivated individuals who make use of ICT to facilitate their criminal conduct. The activities of each group are then assessed in relation to five areas of risk: the use of online payment systems, online auctions, online gaming, social networking sites and blogs. It is concluded that the distinction between traditional organised crime groups and the other two groups—cybercriminal groups and ideologically/politically motivated cyber groups—is converging, with financially-motivated attacks becoming more targeted. Legislation will need to adapt to deal with new technological developments and threats that organised criminals seek to exploit.

票据期后背书问题研究

对于期后背书的涵义,世界上有两种不同的立法例,但都不尽合理。多数国家的法律规定票据期后背书产生一般债权转让的效力。我国票据法对票据期后背书的涵义规定得过于宽泛,并且有关其效力的规定也不明确,因此应予以修正。     

论确立罪犯劳动报酬制度的必要性

劳动既是罪犯的权利,也是罪犯的义务,是权利与义务的统一。劳动报酬是罪犯劳动权的体现;从罪犯人权的角度,劳动报酬有利于保障罪犯人权,在预防罪犯重新犯罪上起着积极作用,它是赔偿被害人的需要,劳动报酬基础上的被害人国家补偿制度体现了保障人权价值目标。     

“三期”女职工提出解除劳动合同由用人单位支付经济补偿金之考量

由用人单位支付经济补偿金,是“三期”女职工特殊保护的需要,该经济补偿金的性质和功能,决定“三期”女职工提出解除劳动合同时应享有获取经济补偿的权利。这一权利的取得,不会影响劳动关系的和谐稳定,反有利于劳资关系的协调,因此需要以立法来加强对“三期”女职工这种特殊权利的保护。     

给付拒绝纳入我国行政强制执行方式的理论探讨——以《行政强制法》草案规定的改变为视角

《行政强制法》草案第三次审议稿的改变表明了给付拒绝有被立法者采纳为我国行政强制执行方式的可能性。本文以此为视角,基于比较法的考察及我国行政强制执行模式在现实中出现的弊端,论述了其合理之处。并提出了将给付拒绝纳入行政强制执行方式的立法建议：在法律中明确规定给付拒绝的具体内容,采用＂人民法院审查＋行政机关执行＂的模式,严格限制给付拒绝的适用条件并细化程序。     

国库集中支付制度对高校财务管理的影响及对策分析

国库集中支付制度的实施,在预算管理等方面改善和促进了高校的财务管理工作,但这种新的资金拨付方式也给高校的财务管理带来新的问题。其影响具体体现在预算管理、资金管理、会计核算及财务风险等方面。对此,要进一步完善预算管理制度,调整会计核算,以消除该制度对高校财务管理的负面影响。     

A White-Hot Battle

正Backing a price war between cab-booking apps serves the larger ambition of China’s Internet companies Han Yonghui is a cabbie in Beijing.After a taxi fare increase in 2013,he makes roughly 5,000 yuan($823)a month,just about enough to feed his family.Recently,Han started using cab-hailing mobile software to pick up customers who order taxis via smartphone.Benefiting from an increasingly fierce competition of rewards between two of the most popular apps for this purpose,he can receive up to 2,250 yuan($370)     

移动支付下银行消费者法律保护简析

支付宝、微信等移动互联方式带来了支付方式的改变,但是银行消费依然占有重要的地位,特别是一些大额的消费,其对世界经济的影响仍然很大。当前我国经济处于深化改革期,对银行消费者合法权益的维护十分必要。我国银行消费者法律保护出现了诸多问题,如信息安全权被银行掌控、消费者与银行之间的信息不对称、格式合同的运用使其丧失话语权等。因此,应从立法体系、保护机构、司法救济方面着手,对我国银行消费者进行细致、完善、周到、切实的法律保护。