论城市房屋拆迁中物权的行政法保护机制

城市房屋拆迁中物权的行政法保护,要求在明确公共利益范围的基础上构建科学的城市房屋拆迁法律体系,以缜密的拆迁程序为主线严格规制拆迁规划、征收、许可等拆迁执法行为,以构建补偿安置制度为核心全方位完善城市房屋拆迁中的行政补偿、行政复议和行政诉讼等救济制度。     

国际环境保护行政合作机制研究

环境问题本身的国际性使国际合作成为了必然。环境保护的国际合作形式很多,但最主要的合作方式还是各国政府间的国际合作,即国际行政合作。文章从三个方面,即环境国际行政合作的制度性基础、现行合作机制、合作机制中的问题,对国际环境保护行政合作机制进行全面的分析。     

关于新形势下非正规就业问题的研究与思考

非正规就业是我国城镇普遍存在的现象。由于非正规就业的特殊性,我国的非正规就业存在很多问题,要解决这些问题必须切实转变观念,积极引导非正规就业,全面保障非正规就业人员的基本权益,实现体面劳动以及为他们提供智力支持等,并最终促进就业方式的转变。     

Data Protection Impact Assessment: A tool for accountability and the unclarified concept of ‘high risk’ in the General Data Protection Regulation

Article 35 of the GDPR introduces the legal obligation to perform DPIAs in cases where the processing operations are likely to present high risks to the rights and freedoms of natural persons. This obligation is part of a change of approach in the GDPR towards a modified compliance scheme in terms of a reinforced principle of accountability. The DPIA is a prominent example of this approach given that it has an inclusive, comprehensive and proactive nature. Its importance lies in the fact that it forces data controllers to identify, assess and ultimately manage the high risks to the rights and freedoms. However, what is first and foremost important for a meaningful performance of DPIAs, is to have a common and objective understanding of what constitutes a risk in the field of data protection and of how to assess its likelihood and severity. The legislature has approached these concepts via the method of denotation, meaning by giving examples of (highly) risky processing operations. This article suggests a complementary approach, the connotation of these concepts and explains the added value of such a method. By way of a case-study the article also demonstrates the importance of performing complete and accurate DPIAs, in terms of contributing to improving the protection of personal data.     

EU GDPR or APEC CBPR? A comparative analysis of the approach of the EU and APEC to cross border data transfers and protection of personal data in the IoT era

This article examines the two major international data transfer schemes in existence today – the European Union (EU) model which at present is effectively the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Cross Border Privacy Rules system (CBPR), in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT).While IoT data ostensibly relates to things i.e. products and services, it impacts individuals and their data protection and privacy rights, and raises compliance issues for corporations especially in relation to international data flows. The GDPR regulates the processing of personal data of individuals who are EU data subjects including cross border data transfers. As an EU Regulation, the GDPR applies directly as law to EU member nations. The GDPR also has extensive extraterritorial provisions that apply to processing of personal data outside the EU regardless of place of incorporation and geographical area of operation of the data controller/ processor. There are a number of ways that the GDPR enables lawful international transfer of personal data including schemes that are broadly similar to APEC CBPR.APEC CBPR is the other major regional framework regulating transfer of personal data between APEC member nations. It is essentially a voluntary accountability scheme that initially requires acceptance at country level, followed by independent certification by an accountability agent of the organization wishing to join the scheme. APEC CBPR is viewed by many in the United States of America (US) as preferable to the EU approach because CBPR is considered more conducive to business than its counterpart schemes under the GDPR, and therefore is regarded as the scheme most likely to prevail.While there are broad areas of similarity between the EU and APEC approaches to data protection in the context of cross border data transfer, there are also substantial differences. This paper considers the similarities and major differences, and the overall suitability of the two models for the era of the Internet of Things (IoT) in which large amounts of personal data are processed on an on-going basis from connected devices around the world. This is the first time the APEC and GDPR cross-border data schemes have been compared in this way. The paper concludes with the author expressing a view as to which scheme is likely to set the global standard.     

The Balanced Approach [Revisited]

The authors of the original Balanced Approach, Dennis Maloney, Dennis Romig, and Troy Armstrong, outlined a philosophy of balanced attention to the principles of community protection/public safety, youth accountability, and competency development through individualized assessment and treatment and holding the system accountable to the community and the youth served. A majority of states’ juvenile code purpose clauses reflect this approach, later known as Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ). Presented here are excerpts from the 1988 Juvenile & Family Court Journal issue 39 (3) that first presented the Balanced Approach and a brief overview of key features of juvenile justice at the time to lay a foundation for the other articles in this special issue.     

Stability and Specificity of Counterfeit Protection System Code

In this study, the stability and specificity of a counterfeit protection system (CPS) code were determined. This research involved an analysis of a counterfeit protection system code unit over time using the pattern location measurement method. We collected 379 sample sheets from 196 printers or photocopiers, covering 14 original brands, including 129 models. There was an interval of at least two months between the collections of samples from each machine. Four types of characteristics were established: CPS pattern unit, distance of the CPS unit, position of dots, size and shape of the dot. Except for the partial changes in the Xerox brand, no other brand exhibited changes over time. This implies that the CPS characteristics are stable. Meanwhile, no correlation was noted between the combinations of the characteristic systems in the collected samples, which implied strong specificity.     

Learning,Negotiating, and Surviving in Child Welfare: Social Capitalization Among Recently Hired Workers

In the child welfare workplace, accessible relationships and support, although understudied, are vital to worker success. Using telephone interviews with a statewide sample of recently hired, frontline workers (N = 38), this study applied a social capital framework to consider support functionality or capitalization. Findings highlight that, although nearly all workers recognized the importance of instrumental and expressive support, many workers did not capitalize on support. Agencies may benefit from an atmosphere focused on collective interests rather than individual survival. Policy can promote supportive atmospheres through providing agencies with the ability and time to foster recently hired workers’ skills.     

论附随义务及其救济方式

在债的义务群中,附随义务长期以来在学理上和实践中均未得到足够的重视,故对其概念、成立基础、具体内容乃至违反后的效果等诸方面都需要进一步深入研究。文章在目前狭义说的基础上,对于附随义务进行了进一步的界定,并理清了附随义务与从给付义务之间的关系。接下来对附随义务的具体内容进行了详细的分析和研究,与通说不同的是文章认为附随义务不但应当包括对当事人固有利益的保护义务,而且还应当包括令当事人实现合同利益最大化的辅助义。基于对其内容的界定,文章指出附随义务之亦得由权利人独立诉请履行,而不是仅仅于义务人违反后请求损害赔偿。换言之,附随义务之违反的效果,也应当采取违约责任的救济方式,包括继续履行、解除合同、赔偿损失和采取其他补救措施。     

“一带一路”倡议下保加利亚知识产权保护制度研究

鉴于保加利亚在"一带一路"经济圈上的特殊地位,论文以比较视角分析了保加利亚知识产权制度与中国的差别,认为两国在著作权领域主要是权利内容的不同,专利和商标领域体现为申请程序与司法救济程序的差异,动植物品种与生物技术发明保护表现为保护水平的区别。不同产业的中国企业进入保加利亚从事商贸活动,需有针对性地关注知识产权法律风险,建议文化创意型企业重在考虑著作权内容及其保护期限,一般工商业企业应重视专利和商标的申请程序及司法救济,农业或农业加工企业应关注动植物品种权的保护范围。