Aggressive,Delinquent, and Violent Outcomes of School Bullying: Do Family and Individual Factors Have a Protective Function?

Bullying perpetration at school is a long-term predictor of aggression, delinquency, and violence. Most research concentrates on risk factors for such developments, whereas protective factors have been rarely addressed. Therefore, the present study investigates potentially protective effects of family and child characteristics in a prospective longitudinal design. The sample contained 519 youngsters (253 boys and 266 girls) from the Erlangen-Nuremberg Development and Prevention Study. Bullying perpetration was measured at age 9.0 years, mothers’ and children's reports on family and individual characteristics were collected at age 10.6, and outcomes in self-reported aggressive/violent offending and mother-reported aggressive and delinquent behavior were collected at age 13.7. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed main effects and interactions. The latter suggest buffering protective effects of consistent discipline in parenting and children's intelligence, positive attitude to school, prosocial behavior skills, low hyperactivity/inattention, and an anxious/depressive mood. The findings varied across the two outcome measures and with regard to gender. Implications for further research and prevention practice are discussed.     

Protective Factors Against the Impact of School Bullying Perpetration and Victimization on Young Adult Externalizing and Internalizing Problems

School-based bullying perpetration and victimization is common worldwide and has profound impacts on student behavior and mental health. However, few studies have examined young adult outcomes of bullying perpetration or victimization. Research on factors that protect students who have bullied or been bullied is also lacking. This study examined young adult externalizing and internalizing problems (age 18–19 years) and adolescent protective factors related to self-reported bullying perpetration and victimization among over 650 Victorians ages 16–17 years. Opportunities for prosocial involvement in the family lessened subsequent involvement in nonviolent antisocial behavior, as an outcome of prior bullying. High academic performance and having strategies to cope with stress reduced young adult depressive symptoms for participants who had been victims of bullying. The implications for bullying prevention and early intervention programs are discussed.     

历史视角下劳动关系的环境因素、过程控制与目标选择

工业革命产生了劳动关系问题,解决劳动关系的问题形成了劳动过程的规则化控制。长期以来,各国产业关系主要关注的是制定和完善保护劳工的规则网络,但随着劳动条件的不断改善,世界经济却变幻莫测,使得各国政府产业关系的功能不断调整以支持国际竞争,最主要的趋势就是促使劳资合作关系进一步深化。当前发达资本主义国家盛行战略工联主义,该主义强调的是超越集体利益的目标选择:工会不应把自己的活动局限于工人的具体利益问题上,也要考虑到对国家社会经济的总体责任以及产业政策与社会政治经济政策的相互作用;工会在关心工人工资、劳动条件等问题的同时,要关心经济的发展,要参与经济社会政策的制订和协商,从整体性的角度上维护工人权益。在活动方式上主要采取沟通、协商、对话的方式,既要运用传统的集体谈判方式,也要建立工人参与,特别是劳资政三方协商机制来实现自己的目标。中国今天所面临的劳动关系环境更为复杂,因此,在重视劳动合同、集体合同制度与员工参与的同时,传统的职代会制度、联席会议、劳动争议调解制度等等制度资源对于建设和谐劳动关系的作用更应该珍惜和重视。     

The 2012 Elections in Mexico: The Birth of a Consolidated Federal Democracy?

In 2012, the simultaneous elections at the federal, state and municipal levels in Mexico reopened the debate about the path of democratic consolidation in the country. With the return of the Revolutionary Institutional Party to the presidency in 2013, there are renewed signs that Mexican democratic consolidation is underway. Particularly important in this process is that the 2012 gubernatorial and mayoral elections have been more competitive, resulting in higher political alternation in power between political parties. Under a changing subnational political context, there are indications that subnational politicians are no longer under the shadow of a dominant party system. As a more consolidated federal democracy, the political landscape in Mexico has become more complex.     

中泰现代外交关系的建立:以20世纪30年代后两国正式建交努力为中心的考察(1932-1946)

19世纪中叶中泰之间的朝贡体系瓦解,自此以后的近100年间,两国官方关系一直处于断绝的状态。20世纪30年代南京国民政府政局初定,便开始寻求与泰国建立正式的外交关系。但直到第二次世界大战后,1946年两国才签署正式的外交文件,恢复了中断多年的关系。本文以这一时期中泰两国围绕设领和建交等问题的交涉和努力为中心进行考察,揭示此过程背后变动的国际形势和国内因素对于两国关系的走向,不同时期双方政府的不同考量,以及华人问题如何与外交问题相缠绕,如何制约和影响两国的建交进程。     

化解过剩产能中的劳动关系风险形成机制与治理研究

去产能过程中企业与劳动者之间将发生密集的劳动关系调整,并可能产生劳资矛盾。针对74家企业1657份员工调查问卷的分析发现,去产能企业群体性劳资冲突风险总体可控,但仍有可能发生。年龄偏大、学历较低、缺乏技能和手艺的职工和非正式工通常采取激烈维权方式,发生劳动关系风险的概率较高。在评估去产能企业劳动关系风险水平的基础上,研究从外部环境、政府行为、企业应对三个角度提出了劳动关系风险发生的诱发性因素和抑制性因素,并提出了治理化解过剩产能中劳动关系风险的相关建议。     

新就业形态中非典型雇佣关系影响因素及优化

在相关理论模型的基础上，通过对 10 个典型的 C2C 互联网企业的深入调研及访谈构建了非典型 雇佣关系影响因素模型，并进行了实证检验。研究发现，宏观政策、宏观经济、平台企业、劳动者、消费者等 多个层面因素都对非典型雇佣关系有显著作用效果。在此基础上，本文还提出了非典型雇佣关系优化的调解机制、 制度安排和政策选择。     

工会组织视角下的新时代和谐劳动关系构建

新时代劳动关系具有党和国家高度重视、建立运行多元复杂、职工技能转型压力提高以及受外 部贸易影响增大等四个方面的典型特征。研究结合新时代背景及工会组织自身特点，提出了工会组织要坚持互 利双赢，坚持素质提升，坚持协商协调，坚持依法构建等四点构建和谐劳动关系的基本思路。     

Project LINK

Abstract

This article describes the outcomes of Project LINK, a Safe Schools/Healthy Students grantee in Larimer County, Colorado. The study analyzed the influence of policies and administrative support on the implementation of programs as well as on risk and protective factors predictive of violent behaviors and drug and alcohol use. Results showed increased feelings of safety in comparison to the rest of the state and changes in risk and protective factors by school level. Results also indicate that leadership support and enforcement of policies are associated with successful adoption, implementation, and positive behavioral outcomes.     

First impressions: Western barbarians at the Celestial Court

Britain's First View of China: Lord Macartney's Embassy to the Peking Court, 1792–94. A joint British Museum/British Library Exhibition. Sponsored and supported by the British Taiwan Cultural Institute. British Museum, 10 October 1992–4 April 1993.

The Collision of Two Civilisations: The British Expedition to China 1792–4, by Alain Peyrefitte (translated from the French by Jon Rothschild). Harvill, London, 1993. xxxiii + 630 pp., colour illus., maps. £30. ISBN 0–00–272677–7.