试论精神病鉴定的启动

精神病鉴定的启动权归属问题一直颇具争议,针对目前精神病鉴定启动程序的现状与问题,对国外相关法律制度进行考察与借鉴,不难发现,当事人启动模式在我国当前的司法环境中不适宜推行,会遇到某些难以逾越的现实障碍,其可行路径是在现有公检法机关启动的模式基础上稍加完善,适当限制公检法机关启动精神病鉴定的自由裁量权,以保障当事人的合法权利.     

构建司法鉴定人助理制度的设想

鉴定人在整个鉴定活动中举足轻重的地位,决定了司法鉴定人制度是司法鉴定制度的核心。司法鉴定人助理制度可以有效的解决司法鉴定人资格认证制度方面的不足,也是缓解鉴定人才匮乏、保障鉴定队伍可持续发展的有效途径。     

论重塑司法鉴定的现代法理念

我国的司法鉴定制度建立于20世纪初,随着社会进入科技化、信息化时代,司法鉴定涉及更多高、精、尖的专门知识,这就更渴求完善的司法鉴定制度。文章着眼于司法鉴定制度的现状,剖析了它存在的问题,结合我国的司法改革,重塑司法鉴定的现代法理念。     

试论法医学鉴定和医学鉴定之差异

随着司法鉴定制度改革的不断深入,越来越多的临床医学从业人员加入到法医学鉴定的队伍中来。在这种大趋势下,一个极易形成的误区就是把医学鉴定与法医学鉴定混淆起来。事实上,两者虽然在许多方面有相似之处,但毕竞有本质的不同。医学鉴定重视的是损伤本身,而法医学鉴定则是在医学鉴定基础之上,从法律规定的角度为损伤定性。因此,要求我们的法医学鉴定人既要重视医学知识的培训和提高,也要学习法律知识和法医学知识,才能更好地完成司法鉴定工作。     

论痕迹检验鉴定书与痕迹检验意见书的证据效力

在司法诉讼活动中 ,对于痕迹检验鉴定书和痕迹检验意见书的证据作用 ,仍存在有一些不明确的认识。本文明确提出了痕迹检验鉴定书与痕迹检验意见书存在有不同的证据效力。痕迹鉴定书是对所检验的痕迹进行同一认定的书面表现形式 ,具有明显的证据效力 ;痕迹检验意见书是对所检验的痕迹进行属性分析 ,提出倾向性看法的书面表现形式 ,是痕迹鉴定的补充参考材料 ,没有明显的证据效力。因此 ,在司法诉讼中要正确运用。     

Oprah.com: Lifestyle expertise and the politics of recognition

The contemporary mediascape has been marked by a proliferation of popular TV genres in which the public appear as central protagonists. These genres are part of a broader shift in the relationship between media and audiences which challenges traditional conceptions of public service broadcasting and appear to represent a shift from media as public knowledge to media as constituting a space for diffuse popular engagement. A central feature of this shift has been the growing role of popular forms of expertise on television. This paper maps the main critical debates around participatory television and the role of the expert, from earlier work on talk shows to more recent discussions of reality and makeover TV. It notes a transition within the critical media and cultural studies literature from a focus on public sphere theory and questions of democratization to a growing concern with the role played by popular media culture in supporting new modes of governance based on the expert mediation of normative self-control. In this paper we analyze the role of experts on Oprah Winfrey's popular website Oprah.com, noting both the utility and limitations of a governmental perspective. Extending upon Foucault's notion of the productive nature of liberal subjecthood, the paper suggests the more positive role played by popular expertise in contributing to a media-civic culture articulated to a politics of recognition.     

Implicit attitudes toward violence and their relation to psychopathy,aggression, and socially adaptive behaviors in forensic psychiatric inpatients

In order to investigate the relation between implicit attitudes toward violence and different aspects of violent and social behavior in Dutch forensic psychiatric inpatients, an implicit association test was related to measures of psychopathy, aggression, and socially adaptive behaviors. Results indicated that all patients had negative implicit attitudes toward violence. Although implicit attitudes toward violence were unrelated to several self-report measures of aggression, there was a significant positive relation between these attitudes and the antisocial facet of psychopathy. Furthermore, it was found that implicit attitudes toward violence were significantly negatively associated with coping behaviors and the level of moral awareness, indicating that patients with more negative implicit attitudes toward violence more often reported these behaviors, which can be assumed to inhibit aggression. As the present study was only correlational in nature, our findings need to be further explored in prospective research.     

中美司法精神病学鉴定制度比较

拥有专门知识的人才进入司法程序,凭其专业知识对专门技术问题发表意见。这样的人在大陆法系被称为鉴定人,在英美法系则被称为专家证人,我国使用鉴定人称谓。本文从司法鉴定管理体制、司法鉴定人制度、司法鉴定启动制度及司法鉴定程序制度等方面对中美两国司法精神病学的司法鉴定制度进行比较。最后简要介绍两个特殊的问题:最终争论和结论质证。     

论民事诉讼能力及其分级

民事诉讼中,当事人是诉讼主体之一,当法院怀疑当事人存在精神状态异常,考虑到他们是否具有主体资格时,可委托鉴定机构对当事人进行精神疾病司法鉴定,并评定其有无诉讼行为能力,以此来维护精神病人及各相关主体的合法权益。本文结合民事诉讼能力的研究现状,首先阐述其概念,分析民事行为能力与民事诉讼能力的区别,然后分析其分级方面存在的争议,最后阐述民事诉讼能力应当的等级划分。     

Primary Victims; the End of the Road?

This article is a discussion of oneaspect of the troubled area of negligencedealing with psychiatric damage. Theidentification of the category of 'primaryvictim' by the House of Lords has given rise toconsiderable doctrinal confusion and theelevation of this category of victim to aprivileged status. The occupational stress andnegligent information cases have addedcomplexity to the matrix and the article is arequest for doctrinal simplification.