过敏性休克死亡豚鼠器官中IgE的表达及其法医学意义

目的寻找法医学鉴定过敏性休克死亡的病理形态学诊断指标。方法利用组织芯片技术采用免疫组化SP法检测豚鼠过敏性休克死亡后0,6,12,24h等4个时间点的心、肝、肺、肾、脾、胃、肠、气管及扁桃体组织中的IgE的表达。结果实验组肺及气管组织IgE呈阳性表达,脾组织IgE呈弱阳性表达,以死亡即刻表达最强,且随死亡时间的延长而减弱,各时间点的显色信号强度存在显著性差异(P<0.05);实验组其它器官及对照组9个器官均无表达。结论应用免疫组化方法检测IgE在肺、气管、脾组织中的表达,可作为法医学鉴定过敏性休克死亡的病理形态学诊断指标;肺及气管组织IgE阳性强度随时间的延长而减弱,提示法医学鉴定过敏性休克死亡应尽早尸检。     

《道路交通事故受伤人员伤残评定》中精神伤残程度司法鉴定相关问题探讨

在法医精神病学鉴定实践中,精神伤残的评定越来越多。现行《道路交通事故受伤人员伤残评定》标准中关于精神伤残评定的相关条款过于笼统,可操作性差,常因认识不一致而产生歧义。本文结合典型案例主要从三个方面对精神伤残司法鉴定中常见问题进行探讨:(1)在评定智力缺损程度时,应结合伤前智商进行评定;(2)精神伤残评定的时间应在医疗终结后一年;(3)精神伤残评定中应引入量表进行客观评价。     

正中神经与尺神经吻合的解剖学研究及法医学鉴定意义

目的探讨中国人群正中神经-尺神经吻合(Martin-Gruber anasmotosis,MGA)情况及其对尺神经损伤法医学鉴定的影响。方法通过105例中国人上肢正中神经、尺神经解剖,观察MGA变异情况,对MGA的分型、走行及位置等进行分析,了解该变异对尺神经损伤法医学鉴定的影响。结果105例中发现24例MGA,MGA出现率为22.9%,男性出现率略高于女性,单双侧及左右侧无明显个体差异。24例MGA中,I型>Ⅱ型>Ⅳ型>Ⅲ型(分别占45.8%,25%,16.7%和12.5%)。正中神经起始点位于内外髁连线上4.11cm至连线下9.95cm,平均前臂连线下3.05cm;尺神经止点位置均在连线3cm以远,最远至连线下14.7cm,平均连线下8.05cm。结论中国人群存在MGA的位置多见于尺神经损伤的常见部位,对尺神经损伤的法医学鉴定有一定的影响。     

几种视觉诱发电位技术推断正常成人远视力的比较

目的比较研究几种图形视觉诱发电位技术对视力推断的价值。方法取正常眼40只,分别测试其图形翻转视觉诱发电位、黑白条栅扫描视觉诱发电位和红黑条栅扫描视觉诱发电位,据此推算实验视力,分别与真实视力进行比较,同时各种方法进行彼此比较。结果黑白条栅扫描视觉诱发电位和红黑条栅扫描视觉诱发电位较之图形翻转视觉诱发电位能更为准确、方便、快捷地反映真实视力水平。结论黑白条栅扫描视觉诱发电位和红黑条栅扫描视觉诱发电位与图形翻转视觉诱发电位一样,可用于眼外伤的法医学鉴定。     

精神鉴定的评价范围——基于鉴定人与司法人员职权划分的思考

精神鉴定的评价范围涉及鉴定人与司法官的职权划分问题。在我国,精神鉴定的评价范围不仅包括医学要件与心理学要件,也包括刑事责任能力的内容,精神鉴定人通常都直接对刑事责任能力作出评定,此做法既与理论上的观点不一致,也与刑事诉讼法的规定不相吻合。较为合理的做法是由精神鉴定人对刑事责任能力的医学要件进行评定,心理学要件的判断则采用以司法人员为主、鉴定人为辅的合作方式。     

U.K. Needs Clear Choice on China Relations

正CHINA and Britain have potentially one of the world’s most fruitful international economic relationships.Not only do they account for 16 percent of world GDP,but their two economies are mutually complementary rather than competitive.China is now the world’s largest industrial producer,     

Traumatic Brain Injury among Indiana State Prisoners

Research on traumatic brain injury among inmates has focused on comparing the rate of traumatic brain injury among offenders to the general population, but also how best to screen for traumatic brain injury among this population. This study administered the short version of the Ohio State University Traumatic Brain Injury Identification Method to all male inmates admitted into Indiana state prisons were screened for a month (N = 831). Results indicate that 35.7% of the inmates reported experiencing a traumatic brain injury during their lifetime and that these inmates were more likely to have a psychiatric disorder and a prior period of incarceration than those without. Logistic regression analysis finds that a traumatic brain injury predicts the likelihood of prior incarceration net of age, race, education, and psychiatric disorder. This study suggests that brief instruments can be successfully implemented into prison screenings to help divert inmates into needed treatment.     

Forensic psychiatric units in Italy from the 1960s to the present

This article addresses the long-standing continuities in the history of the Italian forensic psychiatric units and views them as the result of conflicting forces, interests, mentalities and strategies at the cross-road of forensic psychiatry, psychiatry, prison and health services. It focuses on the period from the 1960s to the present and deals with, among other issues, the long-term impact of the anti-asylum movements and the on-going debate on the ‘phasing out’ of the forensic psychiatric units.     

Psychiatric Medication Intake in Suicide Victims: Gender Disparities and Implications for Suicide Prevention

Frequency and gender differences of psychiatric medication intake in a sample of suicide victims from the Athens Greater Area were investigated with a particular focus on the implications for suicide prevention. Data were collected from the toxicological analyses of the suicide cases of the period November 2007–October 2009. Information was available for 262 individuals, 196 men (74.8%) and 66 women (25.2%); 109 of these (41.6%) were receiving psychiatric medication(s). Women were statistically more frequently under treatment: antidepressants (32.8% vs. 11.3%, p < 0.001), antiepileptics (9.1% vs. 0.5%, p = 0.001), antipsychotics (24.2% vs. 9.2%, p = 0.003), and benzodiazepines (16.7% vs. 6.6%, p = 0.024). Campaigns aiming to bring men with psychological difficulties in contact with mental health services and to lessen the stigma of mental illness, together with better training of nonpsychiatrists into “suspecting” “male” depression, could be particularly helpful for decreasing male suicides. More thoughtful choice of psychiatric medication could possibly already prevent a number of female suicides.     

强化程序意识规范鉴定行为——关于《司法鉴定程序通则》2016年的修改

由司法部制定和发布的旨在规范社会司法鉴定机构鉴定活动的《司法鉴定程序通则》于2001年发布并实施,经历了2007年的修订.在程序正义理念、三大诉讼法修改、鉴定理论成果等因素的影响之下,2016年再次修订.本次修订增加了一些规定:对被鉴定人隐私保护、咨询专家签名、鉴定文书补正、鉴定意见常规复核、鉴定人不得违规会见当事人、鉴定人出庭.修改了一些规定:鉴定委托、鉴定材料交接与管理、鉴定机构告知与说明义务、鉴定人回避、鉴定见证、鉴定文书发放.但也存在一些不足:见证与监护的混淆、删除对女性被鉴定人做妇科检查要求、删除对检材破坏与灭失风险告知义务.总的来看,新的规定亮点多,瑕不掩瑜,相信新的规定将进一步规范司法鉴定工作,使鉴定意见更好地服务于诉讼活动.