Adolescent Refusal of MMR Inoculation: F (Mother) v F (Father)

F (Mother) v F (Father) concerned a dispute between parents as to whether or not their 15 and 11 year old children should receive the MMR inoculation. Mrs Justice Theis took into consideration the wishes of both parents and the two ‘intelligent, articulate and thoughtful’ minors and held that inoculation was in their best interests. The troubled history of the MMR vaccine and its importance to public health provided the backdrop. Whilst the court's efforts to establish the views of the minors are to be commended, the decision is problematic in its assessment of the minors' individual medical interests and capacities, and in the significance placed on their views when determining whether inoculation would be in their best interests.     

“治疗可能性”要件:遵从抑或摒弃?

精神病人的强制医疗一般以患有精神疾病且对本人或他人具有危险性为条件,"治疗可能性"是否应作为强制医疗的条件,理论和实践均存在较大的分歧。出于公共秩序之维护,摈弃"治疗可能性"要件呼声的日渐高涨,但基于精神病人权利之保护仍有必要将"治疗可能性"作为强制医疗的要件,而对于无治疗可能、具有危险性的精神病人应通过其他社会控制机制予以解决,而不应纳入强制医疗的范围。     

Understanding service users’ and therapists’ experiences of pharmacological treatment for sexual preoccupation and/or hypersexuality in incarcerated sex offenders

This research comprises two qualitative studies understanding the experiences of (1) convicted sex offenders voluntarily receiving pharmacological treatment to reduce sexual preoccupation and (2) therapists working with these offenders. The studies form part of a research programme evaluating the use of pharmacological treatment with sexual offenders. In study one, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 sexual offenders receiving selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In study two, interviews were conducted with eight intervention staff with varying levels of experience of working with offenders taking anti-libidinals. Thematic analysis was used and in study one, two main themes emerged: (i) the impact of the pharmacological treatment on prisoners’ daily functioning; (ii) barriers to compliance/engagement. In study two, three main themes emerged: (i) offenders’ reluctance to engage with pharmacological treatment; (ii) challenges for therapists; (iii) pharmacology: ‘just another piece of the puzzle’. Findings are discussed in relation to practice and future research.     

Effect of Sex Offenders Treatment Program on Cognitive and Emotional Characteristics of Mentally Ill Sex Offenders

This study assessed the effect of a 10‐week cognitive behavior treatment program in 30 mentally ill sex offenders. The effect of the program was evaluated using the Interpersonal Responsiveness Index (IRI), UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLALS), Coping Using Sex Inventory (CUSI), and Rape Myth Acceptance Scale (RMAS). Data were analyzed using the paired t‐test. The ability of sex offenders to cope with sexual acts when they faced stressful situations and to accept the rape myth was significantly improved on CUSI (t = 2.09, p = 0.04) and RMAS (t = 5.45, p < 0.001). Feelings of isolation and the ability to empathize based on IRI (t = 0.62, p = 0.54) and UCLALS (t = 0.88, p = 0.38) were not significantly improved. To prevent recidivism, treatment for mentally ill sex offenders should focus on changes in their cognitive and emotional characteristics in addition to their main psychiatric illness.     

宽严相济刑事政策之理论再认定

我国现阶段强调实行宽严相济刑事政策,关于该政策若干基础理论问题,学界仍存在争议.宽严相济刑事政策应当被解读为刑事司法政策,其基本内涵应是宽严之“济”,区别对待.与其他刑事政策之间的关系应当重构,即宽严相济刑事政策是对“惩办与宽大相结合”政策的修正和变革,同“严打”政策存在并存空间,也是刑事政策两极化发展的必然结果.     

试论《禁毒法》视野下的教育矫治

教育矫治是科学戒毒工作中不可或缺的重要环节,起着非常关键的作用.原有的劳教戒毒模式重戒轻治,虽然基本上戒除了毒瘾,但心理和行为得不到有效的矫治,复吸率仍较高.《禁毒法》颁布后,强制隔离戒毒更加突显了教育矫治的功能.而教育矫治是一项系统的工程,需要有科学的理论和方法指导,如何开展教育矫治工作,包括:科学的戒毒观念的树立、教育制度的落实、教育方式的创新、教育内容的拓展、队伍素质的提升等方面.     

对作品保护平等待遇原则的研究——欧盟法院第五法庭第C-360/00号初步裁定评析

欧盟成员国意大利著作权规定,对于作品的保护期限一直持续到作者死亡后的56年.但是,另一成员国德国规定对于作品的保护期限一直持续到作者死亡后的70年.意大利籍作者的作品在德国的保护期限究竟应当为多长时间?对此,欧盟法院作出了初步裁决:如果一个成员国对其他成员国作者的著作权保护的期限少于对本国作者的著作权保护期限,则是为《欧洲联盟条约》所禁止的.换言之,欧盟成员国国民的著作权应当受到同等的保护.     

醉驾:“一律入刑”还是“区别对待”

如何合理划定"醉驾"犯罪圈的大小,"一律入刑"与"区别对待"两种见解存在实质性分歧。罪刑法定原则作为刑事司法不可逾越的屏障,司法机关应该通过"一律入刑"呼应其明确性要求,同时限制司法机关的权力扩张;主观主义与客观主义作为两种不同的解释方式,在实践选择的位阶上应该以文本映射的主观主义优先适用;刑法总分体系需要刑事立法与司法进行一体化贯彻,在刑事立法已然兼顾总则要求的前提下不能通过"区别对待"再次限缩分则罪名的适用范围;"一律入刑"的主张不违背宽严相济刑事政策的内在精神,刑事政策的刑法化要求刑事司法必须坚守这一法治立场。     

弱势群体的法律保护对策

弱势群体是影响稳定大局的重要因素。我国目前对弱势群体问题的解决主要依赖于原有的社会保障体系。但实践中社会保障制度仍存在不少问题,无法很好地保障弱势群体的合法权益。因此,我国有必要出台专门的单行法规,使社会保障制度明确化、法律化,从而切实地实现对弱势群体的法律保护。     

从“开颅戒毒”谈医疗机构医学伦理委员会管理的立法

“开颅戒毒”成为近期社会一个争论热点,卫生部对这一颅脑手术用于戒毒叫停,也引起了各方的不同反应。国际上对试验性医疗行为,往往都是由医疗机构下设的医学伦理委员会来决定是否实施或终止的,而在我国却是一个立法空白。透过现象看本质,笔者谨希望通过本文为我国关于医学伦理委员会的立法工作做些探索。