The forensic deaths caused by pesticide poisoning between the years 2006 and 2009 in Izmir, Turkey

Pesticide poisoning is still a significant health problem in Turkey. We conducted a retrospective study of autopsy cases at Izmir Branch of the Council of Forensic Medicine to describe the characteristics of deaths caused by pesticide poisoning between 2006 and 2009. The distributions of the cases according to gender and age were as follows: men 74.1% (n = 40, mean [±SD] age, 44.7 ± 14.1), women 25.9% (n = 14, mean [±SD] age, 39.2 ± 18.9). The majority of pesticide-poisoning deaths were suicides (n = 43, 80%) followed by accidents (n = 4, 8%) and homicide (n = 1, 2%). The manner of death could not be determined in six cases (11%). Suicides mostly occurred at home (n = 26, 63%) (p < 0.05). Methomyl was the most frequent pesticide (n = 9, 17%) among the all cases. This study reported that most of the pesticides found in poisoning cases were highly hazardous types. Combined efforts of medical professionals and law makers are needed for enacting strict laws against highly hazardous pesticides.     

WHEN THE COST IS TOO GREAT: THE EMOTIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT ON CHILDREN OF INCARCERATING THEIR PARENTS FOR DRUG OFFENCES1

The advent of the modern “war on drugs” and its accompanying “lock 'em up and throw away the key” crime policies largely explain the evolution of mass incarceration in the U.S. and account for much of the emotional and psychological pain caused to children who have lost their parents to long prison sentences. It is by reducing reliance on incarceration to tackle the “drug problem” in the United States that there will be a positive impact on reducing the number of parents being separated from their children for inordinate amounts of time, thereby potentially reducing the negative emotional and psychological impact on children. Aiding parents combat their addiction outside of prison walls is perhaps to most sensible criminal justice policy in addressing the needs of children who are caught in the cross‐fire of the war on drugs. In the meantime, as policy makers review, assess, and, eventually, reform draconian drug laws and sentencing policies, it is imperative that front‐line service providers who work with children and family and juvenile court judges be mindful of the emotional and psychological impact that parental incarceration has on youth. A more in‐depth understanding of the complexities of these young people's life experiences will hopefully enable the development of appropriate support services.     

论监狱心理咨询师队伍专业化建设的对策

在贯彻科学发展观,落实＂首要标准＂的语境下,监狱的心理矫治工作作为实现矫正罪犯的新的方法手段,以符合教育方法创新、能体现科学发展观、以人为本的核心理念和建设和谐社会的内涵,迎来了强化和发展的春天。当前监狱心理咨询师队伍已成规模,心理矫治工作效果备受关注,进一步强化心理咨询师队伍建设,以期心理矫治手段能更充分地发挥好技防人防一体化的功能。     

大学新生心理适应性的调查

文章通过对687名在读大学新生进行心理适应性问卷的调查研究发现,大学新生适应困扰主要表现在学习、职业目标和资源利用等方面,从性别上看女生在人际适应方面遇到的困扰明显多于男生;从学校性质看,公办高校学生在职业目标、人际关系、独立生活方面遇到的困扰明显多于民办高校学生。     

心理艺术视阈下的院校思想政治工作

院校是学员学习理论知识的场所,也是学员世界观、人生观、价值观升华和固化的场所。军队院校担负着培养军事人才的重任,需要强有力的思想政治工作来支撑。加强院校思想政治工作,必须熟悉和掌握院校学员的心理特征,顺应其心理变化的规律,要善于用情,对学员多肯定少否定,学会换位思考,以客观的态度来开展院校思想政治工作。     

基于员工认知调适的心理契约改善路径选择

心理契约是联系组织与员工的心理纽带,如果员工的心理契约被破坏,就可能产生负面的工作态度和行为,从而降低组织的工作绩效、凝聚力。员工认知调适的具体路径有四：一是对具有不同个性特征的员工进行差别化的认知调适;二是减少信息不对称以减少认知偏差;三是合理调节中间变量以调适员工认知,促其回归认知理性;四是通过个人价值观的渗透使员工认知与组织价值观契合。     

试论我国心理危机干预机制构建的有效途径

大量研究表明重大突发事件和自然灾害的发生会对个体心理造成不同程度的伤害,有的甚至绵延几十年甚至伴随终生。我国的心理危机干预工作从新疆克拉玛依火灾事件开始,至今已有二十年,虽然得到了社会的关注,参与者也越来越多,现阶段干预工作中却仍然暴露出无序性、盲目性、重复性、缺乏持续性等问题。我国心理危机干预长效机制的构建,应从法制建设、政府角色、社区服务和人力资源建设等方面形成政府为主导,社区为基本点的格局。     

对我国警务实战训练内容评价的调查研究

采用文献资料法、调查法、数据统计法等研究方法,对我国警务实战训练内容的评价进行调查,结果表明:当前我国警务实战训练是以警务技能训练和战术训练为主要内容,体能训练是警务实战中最需要加强的部分;警务技能中的搜身、押解及临时看守,战术中的盘查战术、战术基本动作,成为警务实战训练中最重要的内容,心理训练的重要性尚未得到广泛认可。     

The Determinants of Medium Taxpayers’ Compliance Perspectives: Empirical Evidence from Siem Reap Province,Cambodia

Studies of tax compliance have focused primarily on individual taxpayers rather than representative enterprises. However, this paper examines several determinants of tax compliance perspectives among medium taxpayers. Using an ordered logit model, the associations of psychological and institutional factors with medium taxpayers’ compliance perspectives are analysed. The results indicate that tax law enforcement, penalties, tax awareness, trust in tax authority, and accounting agency are the main determinants increasing medium taxpayers’ high-compliance perspectives and reducing their medium-compliance perspectives. Tax law enforcement and accounting agency also remedy their low-compliance perspectives. These findings provide guidance for policymakers in enhancing tax compliance.     

The Sexual Trafficking of Juveniles: A Theoretical Model

Research on the sexual trafficking of juveniles has increased. However, there has been no theoretical model developed incorporating variables into a systemic, interactive analysis of the issue. Utilizing Parsonian functionalism as its foundation, the authors developed such a model. The model is based on sociological, criminological, and psychological theories and concepts with a particular emphasis on the role of environmental design in trafficking. Unique to this study, the authors propose that a symbiotic relationship exists between the adolescent brain and trafficker as psychopath as contextualized in the Stockholm syndrome. We offer research and policy implications based on the model.