Quantification of Pubic Symphysis Metamorphosis Based on the Analysis of Clinical MDCT Scans in a Contemporary Malaysian Population

Forensic age estimation methods are biased to sex and population; in general, accuracy is reduced when applied to foreign populations. This study assessed the accuracy of the Suchey–Brooks method in contemporary Malaysian individuals and aimed to formulate population‐specific standards. Multi‐detector computed tomography scans of 355 individuals (165 male; 190 female) of 15–83 years of age were reconstructed using 3D‐volumetric rendering in RadiAnt. Pubic symphyseal phase, bias, inaccuracy, and percentage correct age classifications are examined. Transition analysis was used to develop age estimation standards. High observer agreement (κ = 0.763–0.832) and a positive relationship between age and pubic symphyseal phase (r = 0.884–0.90) were demonstrated. Mean inaccuracies were 8.62 and 8.95 years for males and females, respectively; overall correct classification was 97.8%. Transition ages between phases in males were 18.79, 23.29, 28.85, 43.64, and 61.15 years; in females, the corresponding data were 19.77, 22.53, 32.62, 41.85, and 57.39 years.     

Current practices by forensic anthropologists in adult skeletal age estimation

When determining an age estimate from adult skeletal remains, forensic anthropologists face a series of methodological choices. These decisions, such as which skeletal region to evaluate, which methods to apply, what statistical information to use, and how to combine information from multiple methods, ultimately impacts the final reported age estimate. In this study, a questionnaire was administered to 145 forensic anthropologists, documenting current trends in adult age at death estimation procedures used throughout the field. Results indicate that the Suchey-Brooks pubic symphysis method (1990) remains the most highly favored aging technique, with cranial sutures and dental wear being the least preferred, regardless of experience. The majority of respondents stated that they vary their skeletal age estimate process case-by-case and ultimately present to officials both a narrow and broad possible age range. Overall, respondents displayed a very high degree of variation in how they generate their age estimates, and indicated that experience and expertise play a large role in skeletal age estimates.     

中国汉族人耻骨性别判定的研究

目的为了探讨耻骨性别判定的更为简便可靠的方法。方法对96副已知生前确切性别的耻骨进行了性别差异的研究,其中男性耻骨73副,女性耻骨23副。测量项目有:缘枝角,耻骨宽,耻骨联合面的高及厚。结果将耻骨的测量数据输入电脑,用SPSS软件,对耻骨的测量数据进行了统计分析,建立了耻骨性别判定的判别方程。结论其性别判别率最高可达95.5%,该方法可以用于法医学实践。     

公安信息化建设引入CIO机制的战略构想与路径设计

CIO是具有先进管理经验,精通信息技术的复合型管理人才,是管理阶层中的一支生力军.公安信息化建设的重要性、复杂性和长期性,迫切要求引入.CIO机制.公安机关要建立CIO机制,实施CIO人才战略,搭建教育平台、创新选拔任用模式、建立人才管理机制,大力培养“宽口径、厚基础、高素质”的复合型信息化领军人才,深入推进公安信息化建设.     

论行政处罚担保的创制

基于对公安执法实践的理性思考,对担保制度在行政处罚过程中的可能与适用进行了尝试性研究,提出创制行政处罚担保制度。首先从功利主义角度出发,描述行政处罚担保制度在公安行政处罚过程中的客观需求,显现出行政处罚担保制度的工具价值。其次,对行政处罚担保制度的法律依据和理论基础进行了寻求,概括和分析了行政处罚担保的法理基础。最后,从行政处罚担保的概念入手,对行政处罚担保的启动及担保方式进行了初步设计与建构。     

基层民警思想政治工作思考

公安思想政治工作是公安工作的生命线。基层民警是公安思想政治工作的重点和难点。思想政治工作只有和制度建设相互结合 ,才能发挥最大效能。在做基层民警的思想政治工作时 ,一定要注意工作方法 ,坚持公安思想政治工作与公安业务工作紧密结合 ;坚持教育引导与管理约束相结合 ;坚持解决思想问题与解决实际问题相结合 ;坚持言教与身教相结合 ;坚持以理服人 ,以情感人。     

Surface Curvature of Pelvic Joints from Three Laser Scanners: Separating Anatomy from Measurement Error

Recent studies have reported that quantifying symphyseal and auricular surface curvature changes on 3D models acquired by laser scanners has a potential for age estimation. However, no tests have been carried out to evaluate the repeatability of the results between different laser scanners. 3D models of the two pelvic joints were generated using three laser scanners (Custom, Faro, and Minolta). The surface curvature, the surface area, and the distance between co‐registered meshes were investigated. Close results were found for surface areas (differences between 0.3% and 2.4%) and for distance deviations (average <20 μm, SD <200 μm). The curvature values were found to be systematically biased between different laser scanners, but still showing similar trends with increasing phases/scores. Applying a smoothing factor to the 3D models, it was possible to separate anatomy from the measurement error of each instrument, so that similar curvature values could be obtained (p < 0.05) independent of the specific laser scanner.