婚内强奸行为的刑法分析

婚内强奸现象由来已久,近来几起案件的不同判决引起了社会关注,遂成为理论热点。从传统意义上看,婚内强奸似符合犯罪构成的“四要件说”,当构成强奸罪。不过,鉴于婚内强奸与一般强奸行为的差异,对婚内强奸行为的认定不应草率以构成要件而论。在现行刑法的分析基础上,充分考虑婚内强奸行为所涉及的具体问题和各方面影响,不宜将该行为认定为强奸罪,也无需修改刑法另设新罪,完全可以在既有罪名体系之下,以虐待或故意伤害视之。     

网络团购合同关系探析

2010年一年间,我国出现一千多家团购网站,2011年更是飞速发展,目前已经达到5300多家。如此大量的团购网站集中出现,使得团购的问题也屡屡出现。许多商家在没有搞清楚为何要参加团购的情况下就去参加团购,许多团购网站也违背诚信原则,产生许多纠纷。对网络团购这一新生事物的定义和特点以及其中的合同关系进行探讨和分析,能够对团购有所界定,理清团购中的合同关系,明确团购参与各方的权利和义务,对解决团购中的纠纷具有一定借鉴意义。     

Family Formation in the Baltic Countries: A Transformation in the Legacy of state socialism

This article examines the transformation of nuptiality patterns in the Baltic countries since the late 1960s, in the context of long-term trends. The aim of the study is to compare the entry into first conjugal union in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, and analyze the position of the Baltic countries in a broader European perspective. The analyses employ microdata from national surveys conducted in the framework of the European Family and Fertility Surveys program. Our main results on the timing and mode of union formation show that in Estonia and Latvia the shift from direct marriage to cohabitation started well before the fall of the state socialist regime, and followed a trajectory close to Scandinavian countries. In Lithuania, on the other hand, the change in the pattern of union formation has been much slower. The article discusses the factors underlying the observed similarities and dissimilarities in union formation.     

罗马法中主观诚信的产生、扩张及意义

罗马法中本无主观诚信的概念,由于社会的进步,它于公元前150年在《阿梯钮斯法》中出现。主观诚信概念一旦产生,就开始了其扩张。首先扩张到了公元前67年诞生的普布利奇安诉讼中。然后在一个不能确证的时间,它扩张到了添附法。129年扩张到了继承法。在161-169年之间扩张到了家庭法。在这一过程中,主观诚信的含义摇摆于"不知"与"确信"之间,两者都是人们"走眼"、"失手"的表现。罗马法不"修理"而是救济这样的失败者,是因为他们都无害人之心,而且他们都是弱者。随着主观诚信的扩张,罗马法对它的优待措施日益丰富。     

The Effect of Incarceration on Marriage and Work Over the Life Course

The current study adopts the life course framework to examine the effect of incarceration on the likelihood of becoming married and attaining full‐time employment. It is hypothesized that men who have been incarcerated will be less likely to marry and to gain full‐time employment. Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth are used to test the hypothesis. Results from the growth‐curve models support the life‐course theoretical model. Across all models estimated, incarceration is negatively associated with marriage and employment. In addition, positive milestones (e.g., education) are associated with improved chances of employment and marriage. The findings reinforce the importance of considering a multitude of life events when estimating life trajectories.     

涉外同性婚姻法律适用问题研究

世界范围内,同性婚姻为一些国家法律认可的事实,与中国大陆对该身份领域的变化,仅存于学者呼吁应保护少数人人权的现状,则提出了在中国大陆涉外同性婚姻的法律适用问题。依据我国"涉外民事关系法律适用法"的有关规定,同性结合存在的客观事实,医学上界定其不是一种疾病的科学论断,及公平与正义、且具有全球视野的、与时俱进的现代意识,我们在法律观念与法律制度上应倾注切实可行的法律人文性。在一定的条件和法律环境下,适宜的冲突法或者直接调整方法运用于该领域,是保障人的自由权、契约身份权,维护依法设立的民事关系的稳定性,内外有别地对待与处理涉外民事身份关系的需要。     

论我国政府购买公共服务主体制度

主体制度是政府购买公共服务的重要制度,从"二元主体"发展到"三元主体"是其基本的演进路径,但在不同国家的不同历史时期,由于受市场机制在国家治理中的影响程度不同,其范围及权利义务迥异。在我国这样市场机制发展不充分的国度,完善政府购买公共服务主体制度是迫切而又棘手的课题。基本解决之道在于紧扣国家改革推进政策,紧密结合国情,科学界定主体的范围及各主体的权利义务,在此基础上采取完善立法、事业单位改革以及公众参与等多种措施来构建有中国特色的主体制度。     

论政府购买公共服务的保证责任

政府购买公共服务是公私协力的表现,是担保国家理论在行政法中的具体化。透过担保国家理论、公私协力背景分析政府购买公共服务的行政法属性,政府保证责任作为政府购买公共服务的责任转型,有其宪法渊源与民事责任阙如的现实需求。基于保障社会公众以合理的价格持续、均等地获得质高价优的公共服务之目的,政府保证责任可以类型化为监督责任、管制责任、接管责任,其内容体现为保证有限竞争、质量与价格供给、持续与均等供给以及公共服务的信息公开与公众参与。可以通过行政规制、契约治理及信用监管等措施,促进政府保证责任的最终实现。     

Introduction: disability,partnership, and family across time and space

ABSTRACT

Notions of family life and romantic partnership, like notions of disability, have been culturally constructed and socially produced over historical time, and our understandings of these notions are being continually challenged and re-negotiated across time and space. Policies, institutions, and cultural practices across the globe have brought about changes to the construction of the family and to the rights and inclusion of disabled people in private and public life. This special issue brings together a collection of studies from different countries and time periods to explore the interplay between disability, romantic partnerships, and family life across the individual lifetime and between generations. With this interdisciplinary collection, we seek to merge disability research and research on family and partnerships through a life course lens. This offers unique insights and opportunities to interconnect historical and cultural location and changing social institutions with individual and family experiences. This introduction presents the eight studies in the collection and discusses them within a life course frame that views disabled people’s roles as partners, spouses, and members of a family. In so doing, it engages in an analysis of (dis)similarities concerning how family dynamics, romantic relationships, and disability have developed over time and in different spaces.