The Classification of Inkjet Inks Using AccuTOF™ DART™ (Direct Analysis in Real Time) Mass Spectrometry—A Preliminary Study

A novel approach for the analysis of inkjet inks is being reported. A time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer, coupled with a Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART?) ion source (AccuTOF? DART?), was used to determine if inkjet inks from various manufacturers and models of printers could be reliably differentiated, characterized, and identified. A total of 217 ink standards were analyzed. As inkjet printing often involves the use of multiple colors (e.g., cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) to form an image or text, two different approaches to creating a library of standards and sampling methods were evaluated for implementation in a standard operating procedure. This research will show that a microscopic examination of the region of interest is requisite to identify what colors were utilized during the printing process, prior to comparing with known standards. Finally, blind testing was administered with 10 unknown samples to assess the validity and accuracy of the methodology.     

Preparation of Disappearing Inks and Studying the Fading Time on Different Paper Surfaces

Abstract: Disappearing inks have been used in different fields, but it may be abused in forgery and counterfeiting. This research was conducted on the preparation of disappearing inks using different concentrations of thymolphthalein, phenolphthalein, and their mixture. The prepared inks were applied to different types of handwriting papers. It was found that the handwriting stability increased by increasing thymolphthalein, phenolphthalein, or alkali concentration, but in the case of using 4 mL of 1 normal (N) NaOH, the handwriting stability of phenolphthalein and its mixture inks decreased. Deciphering of the faded handwriting was evaluated by different methods; using optical deciphering, the faded handwriting did not respond to the different light sources. All the faded handwriting was visible when treated with alkaline solution. There was no change in the faded handwriting when heated to 100°C; phenolphthalein and mixture inks containing 0.5 mL of 1 N NaOH became red when only Azhar and Xerox papers were heated to 150°C.     

The prosecutor's interview with suspects in South Korea

South Korean criminal trials heavily depend on the investigation dossier written by prosecutor. The judges do no more than confirm evidence in the prosecutor's interview documents. This leads to a conviction rate exceeding 99 per cent, which is one of the highest in the world. The study aims to explore the reliability of such prosecutorial interview documents and the problems caused by criminal trials depending on them. This is based on a semi-structured interview of 20 legal professionals. Prosecutors' written interview records cannot help to regulate the risk of abuse as they provide the court with quite limited and skewed information. The criminal justice system should amend the evidentiary impact of the prosecutorial interview records. Instead, it should establish a number of appropriate safeguards to protect suspects against false confessions.     

论打击制贩假证犯罪破案战役中存在的问题——以S省为研究范围

目前打击制贩假证犯罪破案战役的运用还不尽理想，存在种种问题：将开展打击制贩假证犯罪破案战役等同于“严打”，重打轻防；对破案战役功能寄予不合理的期待；刑侦主力军作用未得到发挥，合成战效能没有充分发挥出来；打击制贩假证犯罪破案战役的决策没有遵循科学化原则。     

The Influence of Lying Body Position on Handwriting

Although the problem of handwriting variability due to lying body position has practical significance, particularly for last will cases, it has not been sufficiently studied. The presented experiment aimed to recognize how such posture may influence handwriting features. Samples of text and signatures were collected from 50 healthy individuals, aged 23–58, produced in three postures: typical sitting position (SP) and two different lying positions (LP1 & LP2). Using the SP sample of each individual as a specimen, eleven characteristics in LP1 and LP2 samples were evaluated as similar or different. Nine other features were measured with a specialized software, and their conformity was tested with Student's t‐test. Although none of the characteristics differed significantly in most cases, variation occurred in pen pressure, margins, baselines, and heights of letters. Additionally, a series of blind tests revealed that lying position of the individuals did not hinder the possibility to identify their writings.     

走出行政法律文件清理怪圈的良方——试论建立行政相对人的启动机制

我国行政法律文件冲突现象较为普遍，虽经多次集中审查清理，但效果不佳。原因之一是，行政法律文件审查清理机制存在问题。应建立行政相对人对行政法律文件审查清理的启动机制，赋予行政相对人启动权。这不仅有利于监督机关及时发现行政法律文件的冲突和违法之处，集中精力予以审查和清理，也为行政相对人权利提供了一种新的救济手段，并促使行政法律文件审查清理工作走上常规化、制度化和法制化轨道。     

从境外诸国文献和传说看佤族的形成

虽然中文史书对于佤族的记载比较晚,但从国外的文献记载和民族学的调查资料来看,佤族这个族称,至迟在11世纪的时候就已经出现。也就是说,佤族作为一个单一的民族是在这个时候形成的。     

新形势下文书鉴定标准化建设初探

文书鉴定是司法鉴定领域的重要分支学科,但我国的文书鉴定标准化建设却相对滞后。在司法鉴定制度改革的新形势下,加快文书鉴定标准化建设已迫在眉睫。文书鉴定标准化建设的首要环节是制定文书鉴定标准。     

《唐律疏议》词语杂考

唐长孙无忌等所撰的《唐律疏议》是古代法制文献的典范 ,在中国及世界法制史上均占有重要地位。德国学者 N·麦考密克曾指出 :“法学其实不过是一门法律语言学。”正确理解与阐述我国古代法制文献的语言 ,不仅对了解、研究、借鉴我国古代法律具有重要意义 ,同时也是汉语史研究的任务之一。本文选取《唐律疏议》中法制词语八例 ,其中或为目前大型语文性辞书所失收 ,或为前人疏解不当及有未尽之处者 ,参以其他文献用例 ,加以考释