交通事故认定的法律性质辨析

有关学者及司法实践均将交通事故认定或定位于具体行政行为,或认定为证据,将两种属性置于相互对立的地位。随着《道路交通安全法》将交通事故认定书定性为处理交通事故的证据,交通事故认定当事人申请重新认定、提起行政诉讼的权利随之丧失,其合法权益难以得到有效的维护和救济。事实上,交通事故认定属于一种行政确认行为,其书面结论的证据能力并不影响其具体行政行为的本质属性,两者完全可以协调统一于交通事故认定一身。     

Imagined Races: From Environmental Determinism to Geographical Authenticity in Twentieth‐Century Argentina

This article explores how Argentine intellectuals incorporated the natural environment into their accounts of the racial, cultural and political features of the nation. In the late nineteenth century environmental determinism, based on the assumption of a cause–effect relationship between geographical and racial factors, entered Argentina through three main routes: Lamarckism, Darwinism and Spencerianism. By the mid twentieth century, however, anti‐positivist philosophies had been fully incorporated into a body of work that analysed Argentina's socio‐historical foundations. This article examines the shift that occurred during the first half of the twentieth century in how those seeking to define race incorporated the environment into their arguments. The raza was commonly taken to be synonymous with nation. Selected works by sociologist and legal scholar Carlos Octavio Bunge (1875‐1918) and by writer and ensayista Bernardo Canal Feijóo (1897‐1982) will be analysed as influential yet overlooked examples of how ‘the problem of Argentine culture’ could not be separated from the question of nature understood in terms of both physical and human geography. The goal will be to reveal, firstly, the extent to which the notion of the interior as geographical and anthropological desert deeply informed the political vision of the early national period in relation to race and nation and, secondly, how later interpretations of the nation recast American nature as a foundational element of cultural authenticity based on a sentiment of geographical belonging.     

Embodying ‘the Nordic race’: imaginaries of Viking heritage in the online communications of the Nordic Resistance Movement

ABSTRACT

Kølvraa’s article focuses on the cultural imaginary of the Scandinavian extreme right by analysing the online presence of the so-called Nordic Resistance Movement. He seeks to show how the cultural imaginaries of this National Socialist organization make use of the Scandinavian Viking heritage in three distinct ways. First, to produce a distinctly Nordic form of National Socialism and thus potentially make this ideology palatable to Nordic publics. Second, to differentiate their racially oriented political project from a wider far-right or populist right concern with the defence of European Christian heritage and/or civilization against Islam. And, third, to thematize and perform a certain hyper-masculine identity, especially in the context of martial and sporting competitions arranged by the organization.     

试论责令性行政行为的司法认定

因责令性行政行为的法律属性存在争议,亦使法院在司法实践中的审判思路不尽相同,导致裁判结果不一,这也是此类案件频繁进入二审、再审的重要原因。本文认为,法院在认定时应以现行法律规范为基础进行体系化解释,关注责令性行政行为所产生的实质效果并结合具体因素进行分析,以更好地辨析其法律属性,从而有效发挥法院定分止争的功能。     

影响警察学员中长跑技术运用因素的研究

本文采取文献资料法、调查法、访谈法等方法对辽宁警察学院、中国刑警学院的警察学员在学习中长跑技术时容易受到哪些因素的影响进行研究。结果表明,运动员在长时间跑步时的自身综合素质、主观心理、以及天气场地等都是影响其发挥技术的关键环节。     

论涉众型经济案件的定性及其犯罪预防——以“福鼎会案”与“万家购物网”案为例

涉众型经济案件中罪与非罪的定性问题是处理该类案件的重要难点之一。通过对“福鼎会案”与“万家购物网”案的考察，可知对涉众型经济案件的实体认定，需要剖析经济行为的运行模式和获利来源的实质，并分析其正当性和合法性，再据此对其予以罪与非罪的准确定性。与此同时，亦应当从三个方面规范经济行为、加强对经济行为的引导和管理，加强对经济行为的监督和防范、遏制经济犯罪苗头，加大宣传力度、提高社会公众的防范意识，实现对涉众型经济犯罪的预防。     

Fear,greed, or garage sale? The analysis of military expenditure in East Asia

This paper examines the determinants of military expenditures in eight East Asian countries from 1983 to 1993. In a pooled cross-sectional time-series analysis, it finds that the security threats (either external or internal) have not been a factor in determining the governments' defence burdens. Instead, economic and bureaucratic budgetary factors are better predictors of their defence decision-making. Military corruption and subsidized defence industries are the main domestic elements driving up the budgets; but this bureaucratic 'irrationality' is checked and balanced by economic rationality, for the defence burdens generally correlate with the availability of economic resources.     

Teaching Race and Crime

Abstract

This paper examines the experiences of a select group of faculty (N = 37) from across the country who teach courses related to race and crime. Using survey methodology, the researchers solicited the faculty members' views on the course as well as their experience in teaching the course. The research was also designed to determine the receptivity of students to the course, as well as the nature of the evaluation scores of instructors who teach these courses. Most instructors reported having had a good teaching experience and felt the course should be required. Respondents also indicated that their teaching evaluation scores for race and crime courses were generally in line with their scores for other courses. The research found very minimal differences between the teaching evaluation scores of white and nonwhite race and crime instructors. Students were perceived to be generally enthusiastic about taking this course.     

试述法官对刑事证据的认证方法

法官对刑事证据的认证,实际上就是对刑事证据的审查判断.根据司法实践,法官对刑事证据的认证方法有综合比较法、鉴定法、对质法等六种.     

兔体内三唑仑及其代谢物的检测

目的不同方法检测三唑仑及代谢物α-羟基三唑仑，为其及时、准确的检测提供科学证据和最优方法。方法用GC／NPD、GC／MS、MS／MS、GC／ECD对兔体内三唑仑及代谢物α-羟基三唑仑进行检测。结果GC／ECD法最易检测出三唑仑及其代谢物。结论兔胃及内容物、尿液中容易检测到三唑仑及其代谢物；运用酶水解后，检测率最高；GC／ECD检测三唑仑及其代谢物的灵敏度最高。