The effect of ionizing gamma radiation on natural and synthetic fibers and its implications for the forensic examination of fiber evidence

Circumstances of criminal activities involving radioactive materials may mean fiber evidence recovered from a crime scene could have been exposed to materials emitting ionizing radiation. The consequences of radiation exposed fibers on the result of the forensic analysis and interpretation is explored. The effect of exposure to 1-1000 kGy radiation doses in natural and synthetic fibers was noticeable using comparative forensic examination methods, such as optical microscopy, microspectrophotometry, and thin-layer chromatography. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed no signs of radiation-induced chemical changes in any of the fiber structures. The outcome of the comparative methods highlights the risk of "false negatives" associated in comparing colors of recovered fibers that may have been exposed to unknown radiation doses. Consideration of such results supports the requirement to know the context, including the environmental conditions, as much as possible before undertaking a forensic fiber examination.     

高空抛物致人损害的实务研究和立法评析

侵权责任法出台前,高空抛物致人损害案件的司法审判面临两难：判决由建筑物使用人分担责任,或由物业管理公司承担部分责任缺乏明确法律依据,而裁定驳回原告起诉又将使法院面临巨大社会压力。2009年12月26日,全国人大常委会第十二次会议通过的侵权责任法,明确此类案件由可能加害的建筑物使用人分担责任。这一规定,作者认为虽对司法审判实践有所裨益,但在理论上值得质疑。     

馆藏图书剔除刍议

结合馆藏图书剔除工作的实际,论述了馆藏图书剔除是馆藏图书建设必不可少的基础工作之一,应建立具体的业务部门、进行经常性的馆藏图书剔除工作。详细地阐述了馆藏图书剔除的理由,对馆藏图书剔除的错误认识和在馆藏图书剔除中,为减少风险所采取的安全措施。     

浅议食品安全问题对国家安全的危害

食品安全关系国计民生。认识食品安全问题的危害,从国家安全、民族存亡的高度对食品安全重要性达成共识,堵死食品安全事件借口,共筑食品安全的思想防线,是解决食品安全问题的前提。     

非传统安全背景下的我国反恐警务革新

非传统安全背景下,恐怖主义犯罪日益猖獗。由于受恐怖主义活动的跨国性和传播性特点的影响,中国应确保自己免受国际恐怖主义活动的冲击和破坏。但是,中国在传统安全背景下采取的警务模式,由于其伴随有缺乏合作性、警务形式单一等方面的局限性,导致其已经不能指导公安机关在反对恐怖主义犯罪的斗争。因此,构建非传统安全下的反恐警务显得极其必要。     

我国外资并购国家经济安全审查初探

外资并购是把双刃剑:一方面外商并购缓解了我国经济建设中遇到的资金短缺、技术和管理水平相对落后等问题,加速了中国与国际化接轨的过程;但另一方面跨国公司在中国的独资化倾向和对行业龙头“斩首行动”也引起了专家和学者对于国家经济安全的担忧.我们需要外资促进国民经济的发展,但同时我们也需要全面评估外资并购对于中国国家经济安全的影响,构建和完善维护我国经济安全的法律体系.     

食品安全的刑法保障之评析:以《刑法修正案(八)》为视角

我国食品安全的刑法规制经历了一个较长的发展过程,1997年刑法规定了生产、销售不符合卫生标准的食品罪,生产、销售有毒、有害食品罪两个罪名,2011年刑法修正案(八)对上述两个罪名进行了修订,并新增了食品安全监管失职罪.整体上看,刑法修正案(八)便利了司法机关打击食品安全领域犯罪行为,但是其违背刑法谦抑性、过分关注民意、罪名的新增违背刑事立法类型化之本旨等缺陷还是显而易见的.     

Detection of latent bloodstains beneath painted surfaces using reflected infrared photography

Bloodstain evidence is a highly valued form of physical evidence commonly found at scenes involving violent crimes. However, painting over bloodstains will often conceal this type of evidence. There is limited research in the scientific literature that describes methods of detecting painted-over bloodstains. This project employed a modified digital single-lens reflex camera to investigate the effectiveness of infrared (IR) photography in detecting latent bloodstain evidence beneath a layer or multiple layers of paint. A qualitative evaluation was completed by comparing images taken of a series of samples using both IR and standard (visible light) photography. Further quantitative image analysis was used to verify the findings. Results from this project indicate that bloodstain evidence can be detected beneath up to six layers of paint using reflected IR; however, the results vary depending on the characteristics of the paint. This technique provides crime scene specialists with a new field method to assist in locating, visualizing, and documenting painted-over bloodstain evidence.     

食品安全犯罪立法修正之评析及其再完善——以《刑法修正案(八)》为样本

《刑法修正案(八)》一方面对食品安全犯罪的犯罪对象、罚金刑、自由刑进行了修改,另一方面,增加犯罪情节要件和增设食品监管渎职罪,从而加大了对食品安全犯罪的惩处力度,使得刑法对食品安全的保护更为严密和全面。我国当前的食品安全形势、原有食品安全犯罪之规定存在的不足以及监管对食品安全的重要性,决定了本次食品安全犯罪立法修正的合理性。在司法中,需要对食品安全标准、罚金刑数额及其计算标准和食品安全犯罪情节进行重新解释。同时,考虑到食品安全犯罪危害的特点和国外相关立法例,应从增设行为犯、过失犯和资格刑等方面进一步完善我国的食品安全犯罪立法。