非机动车驾驶人交通伤害及预防对策研究

在我国每年发生的道路交通事故中,非机动车驾驶人往往成为最严重的伤害对象。根据非机动车驾驶人多为颅脑损伤的特征以及电动自行车、残疾人专用车自身的危险性,结合国外的经验,对非机动车驾驶人交通伤害的预防,可采取如下对策:推行佩戴安全头盔政策、制定自行车道设计规范及管理要求、优化大型车辆行驶路线、加强对自行车驾驶人的交通安全教育。     

安全带对人体的影响

安全带普遍用于防止交通事故所致伤亡,其交通损伤中与安全带有关的损伤逐渐引起人们关注。通过复习国外相关文献,结合1例尸检案例,对安全带造成人体损伤的特点进行综述和探讨。     

交易中的物权公示分析

物权公示原则是现代各国物权法关于物权变动所奉行的重要原则,此项原则存在的必要性主要来源于交易安全的保护。对物权公示制度的历史发展予以考察,物权公示的价值在于维护交易安全。     

试论职业安全保障中的政府行为

职业安全保障中的政府行为具有妥当性。就内容而言,职业安全保障中的政府行为有抽象和具体之分且各有其构成。我国职业安全保障中政府行为存在一定问题,亟待解决。     

新时期我国监狱安全防范的严峻形势与路径选择

近年来,随着押犯结构、狱情和犯情的变化,监狱安全形势更加严峻,安全防范面临的压力越来越大。对我国监狱安全的严峻形势进行全面分析,对深层次的原因进行挖掘,有助于构建新时期我国监狱安全的防范体系。     

美国医疗差错的概念、定义与特征本

医疗差错已经是一个全世界的问题。越是现代化的国家 ,这一问题就显得越为严重 ,在美国因医疗差错导致患者死亡已占死因的第 8位。在我国 ,一直习惯使用医疗事故的概念 ,而医疗事故又在《刑法》里有明确的罪责。随着中国经济日益与世界接轨 ,法律制度中的一些概念性问题也在逐步朝向国际统一方向发展。因此 ,对于医疗差错的明确统一定义 ,就显得十分很重要。本文主要介绍美国法律方面的相关规定。一、医疗差错是当今的世界性问题1999年 ,美国医学研究所 (ＩＯＭ ,ｔｈｅＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＭｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ )估计 ,每年有 980 0 0人死于…     

驾驶模拟器用于驾驶员安全教育的研究

本文简要介绍了我国交通事故和驾驶员安全教育现状以及驾驶模拟器用于驾驶员安全教育的前提条件,提出了驾驶模拟器用于驾驶员安全教育的虚拟道路交通视景系统的组成及设计方法,分析了驾驶员安全教育的虚拟道路交通视景特征及驾驶模拟器用于安全教育的可行性。     

Classroom training in sexual victimization awareness and prevention skills: An extension of the Red Flag/Green Flag people program

This study is an extension of a previous evaluation of a program (Red Flag/Green Flag) in which children, parents, and teachers were exposed to a workbook and film designed to teach personal safety strategies for preventing sexual victimization or encouraging adult assistance through disclosure of such incidents. In the current investigation, only children and their teachers received this didactic training program. Children and teachers from neighboring schools were assigned to a Training or Control group. Self-reports from children, teachers, and parents, as well as guidance counselor incident reports, were obtained to evaluate outcome. Results indicated greater gains in general knowledge and prevention skills at post-training and 6-month follow-up for trained than control children. Some improvements were made by trained teachers and parents of trained children. Child reports of personal experiences and guidance counselor incident reports were in accord with the assistance component of the program. However, the pattern of reports across sources is difficult to interpret. The findings are discussed in light of salient issues regarding the content of training, child disclosure, and methodology.     

公安高职高专人才培养规格和课程体系改革探讨

公安高职高专院校在办学20多年的时间里,存在着通才型、专才型和复合型三种人才培养规格的类型,其中复合型是公安高职高专院校适应公安机关人才需求的最佳选择,其主要内容包括坚定的政治信念、顽强的纪律作风、较为扎实的基础知识、过硬的业务技能、良好的心理素质和强健的体魄。面对新形势对公安人才的需求,公安高职高专课程体系原有的弊端必须革除,以复合型人才培养规格为指导,按照“理论够用、突出应用、强化能力、注重实践、整体优化”的原则,对原来的课程体系进行有效整合,构建大专业基础平台课程体系和专业课课程体系,以实现公安高职高专的人才培养目标。     

Drugs in motorists traveling Swedish roads: on-the-road-detection of intoxicated drivers and screening for drugs in these offenders

This paper deals with the police officer's or police doctor's ability to find drivers under the influence of drugs. We have also studied whether the protocol on the driver's previous histories of drug intake is useful for directing the chemist in his analytical approach to revealing intoxicants in the suspects' body fluids. A comprehensive procedure for screening traffic-hazardous drugs in the urine was found necessary and is described. By using this method, we have studied the incidence of drunken drivers with detectable medicinal or illicit agents. The results demonstrate that 91% of those drivers found by the officer or doctor of the police to be on intoxicants other than ethanol, carried some kind of traffic-hazardous drug in their body fluids, and that the doctor was a better judge than the police in identifying these offenders. By using a series of chemical methods for drug screening, we found that every third driver suspected of drunken driving due to ethanol, but not to other intoxicants, held some kind of a traffic-hazardous drug substance in his urine; benzodiazepines and cannabinoids were the most common findings. The data imply that 34% of these suspects revealed their intakes of traffic-dangerous intoxicants. We conclude that the judgements of both the officer and doctor of the police are needed for an efficacious detection of drivers under the influence of drugs. Moreover, the results infer that the chemist has to screen for intoxicants to reveal these in a suspect driver. We also conclude that drugs, particularly the benzodiazepines or cannabinoids, may be commonly encountered in drunken drivers, suspected of being inebriated by ethanol but no other toxicants.