The Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility,Employee－Company Identification and Employee Performance

This study tests the effects of corporate social responsibility on employee－company identification (E－C identification) and employee performance, the effects of E－C identification on employee performance, the mediating effects of E－C identification on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and employee performance, and the moderating effects of organizational trust on the relationship between E－C identification and employee performance based on multiple regression analysis with the data collected from 140 employees and their immediate supervisors. The results reveal that corporate social responsibility associations and corporate social responsibility participation are able to influence E－C identification and employee performance; E－C identification is able to influence employee performance; E－C identification fully mediates the relationship between corporate social responsibility associations and corporate social responsibility participation and employee performance, organizational trust moderates the relationship between E－C identification and employee performance.     

The Judge Ses No Facts：on the Facts,Evidence, and Fact Identification under the Principle of Evidentiary Adjudication

Evidentiary adjudication is one of the important signs of progress of litigation and judicial civilization. There are three key concepts under the principles of evidentiary adjudication: facts, evidence and fact identification. They form a kind of logic relationship among proposition, the argument and conclusion. As a logical starting point of judicial proof, the case facts have legal determinacy which is different from the facts in philosophical sense, and also different from the fact that as a foundation for the judicial judgment. As the basis of the facts, the evidence emphasizes more the relevance and legitimacy in form. As a logical end point of judicial proof, fact identification is a rational, rigorous proof, but the case facts happened in the past, the fact-finder can only see the evidence, and can only use the evidence to find the facts, which determines the uncertainty of fact identification.     

Sequences of the Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI) Gene are Suitable for Species Identification of Korean Calliphorinae Flies of Forensic Importance (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Abstract:  Calliphorinae fly species are important indicators of the postmortem interval especially during early spring and late fall in Korea. Although nucleotide sequences of various Calliphorinae fly species are available, there has been no research on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) nucleotide sequences of Korean Calliphorinae flies. Here, we report the full-length sequences of the COI gene of four Calliphorinae fly species collected in Korea (five individuals of Calliphora vicina , five Calliphora lata , four Triceratopyga calliphoroides and three Aldrichina grahami ). Each COI gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and directly sequenced and the resulting nucleotide sequences were aligned and analyzed by MEGA4 software. The results indicate that COI nucleotide sequences can be used to distinguish between these four species. Our phylogenetic result coincides with recent taxonomic views on the subfamily Calliphorinae in that the genera Aldrichina and Triceratopyga are nested within the genus Calliphora .     

Evaluation of the Reliability of DNA Typing in the Process of Identification of War Victims in Croatia

Abstract:  Aiming to estimate the frequency of various types of errors that can occur in the large-scale process of identification, we identified and compared genotypes of 911 parent–child pairs in the database of 3498 relatives of people that disappeared during the 1991/1992 war in Croatia. Genotypes of 891 pairs (97.8%) were matching, while 20 pairs did not match in one or more loci. Reanalysis of these samples revealed that out of 1822 analyzed genotypes, one genotype was completely wrong, and two genotypes had one wrong allele because of human errors. Five genotypes had a single wrong allele due to either polymerase chain reaction or electrophoresis errors. In five genotypes mutations were the cause of mismatch. Genetic inconsistencies with parentage were found in four "fathers" (4.2%) and three "mothers" (0.36%). As the majority of observed single-locus errors were caused by nonhuman errors, all databases produced with similar technology would probably have comparable level of errors.