Intra-EU Labor Mobility: A Key Pillar of the EU Architecture Subject to Challenge

Intra-EU labor mobility is often characterized as a major contributor to better functioning European labor markets. Does the evidence of recent cross-border labor mobility support this positive expectation? Does the EU live up to its potential of being a role model by showing that managing free movement of labor in turbulent times is possible? We will show that, in spite of its potential, the challenges facing free movement of labour are tremendous. We address four important aspects: enlargement; transitional measures and their consequences; the crisis and its effects; and the potential offered by free movement for better labor allocation.     

简论黑哨犯罪的定性及其应对建议

关于黑哨问题的争论到目前为止仍没有得出一个明确的定论,本文从犯罪主体角度出发,试提出对黑哨问题的个人看法。笔者认为黑哨裁判员的行为已经触犯了刑法,其身份和执法的性质决定了其行为的公务性,因此应当以受贿罪定罪和处罚。     

A Physical Match of a Metallic Chip Found on a Bolt Cutters’ Blade

Bolt cutters are known as devices which are used for cutting hard objects and rigid materials such as padlocks and bars. They are commonly used in instances of forced entries. In this case study, a bolt cutter was found in the car of two suspects in a grocery burglary. This study indicates how the presence of a small metallic chip found on a suspected bolt cutter can prove that the tool was used in the crime scene. During the initial examination, a metallic chip from the cut shackle padlock was found stuck to one of the bolt cutters’ blades. By comparing the metallic chip's microscopic edge and the breaking (fracture) line of the padlock's shackle, a full physical match was noticed. We wish to report here how residue, even the smallest, can be used to link burglary tools to a crime scene with a high level of certainty.     

是合理的变通还是“意义”的流失——谈文学翻译中的“随意”现象

文学翻译的目的何在?仅为了向读者介绍作品的故事情节,还是通过阅读这些作品,让读者了解名著中所包含的深刻思想内涵以及原文作者的本意?大凡严肃的译者都以后一种目的为追求.尤金·奈达提出"翻译,即译意",这句名言明确了翻译的使命所在.因为原文作者的本意是译作的根本.离开了这一根本,译者的创作就表现出一种随意性,就会造成原作意义的流失.     

意象与语言

本文从语言的另一重要特征意象性出发,探讨了意象与语言在哲学、心理学以及语言学方面的关系,从而指出意象在语言学习和应用中的重要作用,以期对语言教学有所启示。     

Statistical Difficulties in Determining the Role of Race in Capital Cases: A Re-analysis of Data from the State of Maryland*

In this paper, we re-analyze data used to study the role of race in capital cases in the state of Maryland. We show that when alternative, and arguably more appropriate, statistical procedures are applied, the racial effects reported in early work turn out to be very fragile. The methodological point is more general: conventional causal modeling with observational data is not likely to produce robust results for a variety of criminal justice applications. Raymond Paternoster provided us with the data on which this paper is based and made a number of very helpful suggestions on a earlier draft of this paper. We very much appreciate both. The research was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Justice.     

Population data on the forensic genetic markers: phosphoglucomutase-1, esterase D, erythrocyte acid phosphatase and glyoxylase I

Blood specimens from white and black sample populations from Baltimore, Maryland, were analyzed for the four most forensically important, polymorphic red cell enzyme systems-phosphoglucomutase-1, esterase D, erythrocyte acid phosphatase and glyoxalase I. The distributions of the phenotypes for each marker in each racial group were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The population data were similar to previously reported data for Whites and Blacks from different geographical locations within the United States.     

Job–Worker Balance and Income Match in the United States

This study uses journey-to-work data from urban census tracts across the United States to investigate whether people living and working in the same area is related to job–worker balance or to the income from jobs. The results indicate that more people live and work in the same commute shed if there is job–worker balance and income matching.     

Development of a Protein‐based Human Identification Capability from a Single Hair

Shed human hair (lacking root nuclear DNA) frequently contributes important information to forensic investigations involving human identification. Detection of genetic variation observed in amino acid sequences of hair proteins provides a new suite of identity markers that augment microscopic hair analysis and mitochondrial DNA sequencing. In this study, a new method that completely dissolves single hairs using a combination of heat, ultrasonication, and surfactants was developed. Dissolved proteins were digested and genetically variant peptide (GVP) profiles were obtained for single hairs (25 mm) via high‐resolution nanoflow liquid chromatography‐based mass spectrometry and a novel exome‐driven bioinformatic approach. Overall, 6519 unique peptides were identified and a total of 57 GVPs were confirmed. Random match probabilities ranged between 2.6 × 10^?2 and 6.0 × 10^?9. The new bioinformatic strategy and ability to analyze GVPs in forensically relevant samples sizes demonstrate applicability of this approach to distinguish individuals in forensic contexts.     

论公司法法律规范类型及其适用

公司法兼具强制性和任意性的特点,决定着公司法法律规范中既有强制性规范．又有大量的任意性规范和倡导性规范。如何区分和判别公司法法律规范的类型是公司法实务中面临的首要问题．更是正确适用公司法的前提。判别和适用公司法法律规范,不仅要从法条文意上进行理解,还要结合公司法立法精神、执法理念及相关法条等进行综合分析和判断。