公安教学实验中的管理艺术

公安教学实验管理与管理人员的素质、实验内容、实验过程、实验方法以及实验的环境、条件等等都息息相关,直接影响到应用型和复合型人才的培养。教学实验管理是涉及人、实验内容、过程、方法等的一门管理艺术,实验管理对公安人才培养具有重要意义,应加大教学实验在公安教学中所占的比重,重视对实验教师的培养,使教学实验的管理艺术水平再上一个台阶。     

论侦查实验结果的诉讼证明力

侦查实验是我国刑诉法规定的一项侦查措施,在侦查破案以至整个刑事诉讼过程中发挥着其他侦查措施难以替代的重要作用。侦查实验结果具有证据的属性,其证明价值要结合个案情况具体分析。虽然不同法系对侦查试验规则的立法方式和具体内容规定不同,但我们应加以借鉴,以便建立我国的科学、公正、文明的侦查试验证据规则。     

Taphonomic Marks on Pig Tissue Due to Cadaveric Coleoptera Activity Under Controlled Conditions

The aim of this work was to study taphonomic marks that cadaveric coleopteran can produce under controlled conditions. To evaluate this, pig trotters were initially exposed to adults of Dermestes maculatus De Geer at 21 ± 5°C and a 12:12‐h day/night cycle. Observations were made and photographs taken every 4–5 days for 9 months. When feeding and reproducing, D. maculatus produced, in both adult and larvae stages, different types of marks such as holes, striations, scratches, and pits in several kinds of tissue such as integumental, connective, and muscular, in both their fresh and dried stages. Bite marks were also evident. The results in this study provide not only taphonomic but also biological and forensic information. This is the first time that this kind of experiment has been performed.     

Analysis of Positive Control STR Experiments Reveals that Results Obtained for FGA,D3S1358, and D13S317 Condition the Success Rate of the Analysis of Routine Reference Samples

About 120,000 reference samples are analyzed each year in the Forensic Laboratory of Lyon. A total of 1640 positive control experiments used to validate and optimize the analytical method in the routine process were submitted to a multivariate exploratory data analysis approach with the aim of better understanding the underlying sources of variability. The peak heights of the 16 genetic markers targeted by the AmpF?STR^® Identifiler^® STR kit were used as variables of interest. Six different 3130xl genetic analyzers located in the same controlled environment were involved. Two major sources of variability were found: (i) the DNA load of the sample modulates all peak heights in a similar way so that the 16 markers are highly correlated, (ii) the genetic analyzer used with a locus‐specific response for peak height and a better sensitivity for the most recently acquired. Three markers (FGA, D3S1358, and D13S317) were found to be of special interest to predict the success rate observed in the routine process.     

公安院校实验教学优化的要素分析

实验教学是专业课程教学的重要组成部分和不可分割的环节，构建科学规范的公安院校实验教学的管理与运行模式，优化实验教学，使实验教学走上科学化、规范化管理，对于提高专业教学水平，确保教学质量，培养学生良好的公安业务技能和综合素质将发挥重要作用。     

管制刀具治安管理探讨

近年来，虽然管制刀具的治安管理取得了很大的成绩，但是由于管制刀具本身异常锋利，在社会面上分散广泛．又具有“五个易’’的特点，治安管理形势依然严峻。对管制刀具进行科学有效的治安管理，首先要明确概念、范围和认定标准，系统梳理其管理法律法规，其次应针对当前存在的主要问题，提出相应的对策和建议。     

Voting in the rain: the impact of rain on participation in open-air assemblies

ABSTRACT

The analysis of how weather conditions influence participation at the ballot and whether bad weather influences ballot decisions has recently gained momentum. This paper analyses the influence of rain on participation in the Landsgemeinde – the main decision-making body of two Swiss cantons, wherein citizens meet on the main square in order to debate and decide bindingly on political matters of all sorts. We rely on a survey with an in-built conjoint experiment that presents citizens with several hypothetical Landsgemeinde situations characterized by randomly varied combinations of weather and other conditions such as outcome favorability, the expected closeness of the vote and the company available during the event. We find that rain not only decreases overall participation but it also lowers participation when votes are expected to be uncontested and for individuals who do not primarily attend the Landsgemeinde for political reasons.     

空肠弯曲杆菌生物膜的体外形成及鉴定

采用结晶紫染色与正交试验相结合的方法,对空肠弯曲杆菌在不同温度、pH值、气体条件以及不同培养基条件下形成生物膜的能力进行了检测和比较;并以筛选出的最佳培养条件在盖玻片上形成的生物膜为对象,用光学显微镜及扫描电镜观察生物膜的结构。结果显示,在正常气体条件下培养1～3d,生物膜形成水平明显高于其他2种气体条件(P<0.01),4d后3种气体条件下的生物膜形成量均有增加,但3组间差异不显著,说明正常空气组分的条件更有利于生物膜的快速形成,而且37℃、正常空气条件下,在pH7.0的MH肉汤中培养5d,通过显微镜和扫描电镜观察,在盖玻片上可形成典型的、可观测的生物膜结构。     

Occurrence of contamination by controlled substances in Euro banknotes from the Spanish archipelago of the Canary Islands

The social problems of drug abuse are a matter of increasing global problem. Nowadays, international agencies need fresh methods to monitor trends of the use of illicit drugs. In this sense, small amounts of drugs are transferred to banknotes and they could be detected and quantified. An analytical procedure based upon extraction with organic solvent, liquid chromatography separation, and mass spectrometric detection allowed the identification of 21 drugs and metabolites in 120 used Euro banknotes collected in the Canary Islands (Spain). Most of the banknotes analyzed showed detectable drug residues (92.5%). Cocaine was the most frequently detected drug, present in approximately 90% of the samples. In addition, 75%, 35%, and 15% of the banknotes showed residues of amphetamine derivatives, opiates, and benzodiazepines, respectively. An average of three drug residues per banknote was detected. In summary, the presence of drug residues in banknotes could be useful as tracer for drugs prevalence.