试论物权公示原则在物权性质界定与类别划分中的意义——兼评公示要件主义与对抗主义的立法模式选择

物权公示原则不唯是关于物权变动的基本规则,其在物权的性质界定和类别划分中亦具有重要意义。公示要件主义意义上的物权公示原则与关于物权性质的物权绝对原则、关于物权种类的物权法定原则具有内在和谐性和逻辑上的一致性,而意思主义和公示对抗主义模式下的物权公示原则与物权法上的其他制度则存在难以自圆其说的逻辑矛盾,将会出现物权分为“有对抗力的物权”和“无对抗力的物权”之窘境。我国立法上应以公示要件主义为基础而设计物权变动的规范模式,公示对抗主义只宜在极个别的场合下适用。我国《物权法》中采行公示要件主义与公示对抗主义“并重”模式的做法,其妥当性值得推敲和检讨。     

预告登记在商品房预售领域中立用问题研究

商品房预售登记制度的理论研究与探讨是随着我国房地产市场日益活跃而兴起的,我国目前的房地产转让中,存在商品房预售这种特殊的买卖方式。因在建工程的工期长,交易标的有许多不确定的因素,因而购买期房面临的风险比一般购买现房的大得多。在我国商品房预售领域里引入预告登记制度,能够有效地规范房地开发企业的预售行为,也即预购人与预售人办理了预告登记之后,预售人对该房屋所为的其他处分都在此债权范围内无效。     

物权变动理论对著作权转让的启示

著作权转让是著作权人利用其财产权的一种方式,由于我国著作权法关于著作权转让相关制度的缺失,导致著作权转让过程中重复转让的现象多次发生,严重影响了著作权转让中的交易安全和善意受让人的利益。在借鉴物权变动理论的基础上,应建立我国的著作权转让登记制度。     

“Hand-to-mouth” citizenship: decision time for the UK Supreme Court on the substance of Zambrano rights,EU citizenship and equal treatment

UK benefit rules strip Zambrano residence rights, for UK national children and their third country national primary carers, of equal treatment entitlement. These rules are challenged in a case pending before the UK Supreme Court. This piece argues that Zambrano creates an EU-citizenship-based right to reside which necessarily entails equal treatment. UK national children in Zambrano families fall within the scope of EU law so are not prevented by the wholly internal rule from claiming equal treatment with EU national children in Teixeira families. And they are protected by equal treatment as a general principle of EU law, which requires equal treatment with other UK national children. The justifications for automatic unequal treatment put forward before, and accepted with alacrity by, the Court of Appeal, are poorly reasoned and ill-matched with the rules in question – most notably because Zambrano families may have strong connections with the UK. A CJEU reference is likely; a Zambrano right is the right to reside in the Union – it is the right to have EU rights. The substance of EU citizenship is at stake.     

意思主义与形式主义对立的法理与历史根源

意思主义是以一个不严格区分物权和债权且物上权利的绝对性尚未完成的财产法体系为基础的。其在法国和英国的首先形成，很大程度是其本国习惯法或判例法与自然法思想和自由主义激情相结合的产物，而非一种对公示的必要性有了充分、清晰的认识之后的理性自觉。意思主义和形式主义的对立本质上是财产权的相对性和物权的绝对性的对立在物权变动规则体系上的延伸，而后一对立又主要根源于二者分别承袭了不同的法律传统。     

The mouse deer and the crocodile: oil palm smallholders and livelihood strategies in Sarawak,Malaysia

The dominant view among policy-makers in Sarawak, a resource frontier state in Malaysian Borneo, is that the only viable way to involve smallholders in the oil palm boom that has transformed the agricultural economy of that island is to consolidate them into larger production entities with externally provided management and finance. However, despite lack of government support, the area of smallholder oil palm has increased dramatically in the past decade in those regions with access to roads and palm oil mills. We argue that, once processing infrastructure is in place, oil palm smallholders can readily take advantage of this infrastructure to pursue a profitable livelihood option, with lower cost and greater flexibility than large-scale operations. In this paper we explore the characteristics of oil palm smallholders in Sarawak and the complex and varied processes by which they have inserted themselves into the rapidly expanding landscape of large-scale plantation development. We develop a typology of oil palm smallholders and present a case study based on a questionnaire survey of 72 farm-households in five longhouse-communities in northern Sarawak. The analysis shows the economic viability of independent oil palm smallholders and identifies appropriate means of support that could raise incomes and spread benefits more widely.     

物权变动模式比较研究

大陆法系国家三种物权变动模式的确定受一国社会经济状况、法律传统和在长期的发展中形成的民族精神的制约。基于对我国确定物权变动模式因素的考察 ,债权形式主义物权变动模式是较为理想的选择。     

谁动了谁的奶酪？——《婚姻法解释（三）》不动产若干问题研究

《婚姻法解释（三）》在父母赠与不动产的问题上的规定充分考虑了赠与人的意愿,具有合理性。其第7条第一款实际上遵从了物权法规定的不动产归属原则,在一方父母赠与房屋的情况下,所有权归属应以登记为准。《婚姻法解释（三）》第10条不仅不会对女方不利,相反对于女性进行了一定程度的倾斜保护。其不是一种认定婚前个人财产的情形,而是确立了特殊情况下夫妻离婚后不动产的分配规则,在婚姻关系存续期间,不动产应由夫妻共同共有。何谓个人财产的＂投资收益＂、＂孳息＂和＂自然增值＂亟待法律加以明确,不动产适用善意取得制度并不会侵害共有人的生存权。     

以物上担保人为视角的担保物权实现的风险承担探析

物上担保人实为债务人同债权人建立主债权债务关系的信用风险的承担人,我国担保法赋予了物上担保人在担保物权实现后向债务人的追偿权,但未明确范围;理论界将追偿权仅限于债权人就担保物实现的债权数额。除此之外,追偿权的范围还应包括担保物权实现（担保物变现）时物上担保人所承受的消极损失,这种消极损失的请求权基础是不当得利的返还。     

物权债权区分理论的质疑

民事权利具备涉他性效力的正当基础在于该权利能够为他人知晓或识别,亦即权利具有可公示性.鉴于成本与效率等方面的原因,公示制度仅在物权法领域内被广泛适用,从而可以使物权呈现出涉他性效力,而没有在债法领域获得广泛的适用,因而无法使一般债权呈现出涉他性效力;现行的物权债权区分理论正是以此种认识为基础的.随着权利公示制度的完善与公示技术的发展,债权公示的可行性正在逐步提高,债权在很多情形中也能产生涉他性效力.另一方面,物权也并非在任何情形中都具备涉他性效力.债权与物权在本质上都是支配权,以是否具有支配为依据区分物权与债权的理由并不充分.由此其能否继续充任未来民法典体系构建之基础值得深思.