试论工会组织"建设职工之家"活动的可持续发展

从1983年开始的中国工会"职工之家"建设活动,至今已走过了20个年头.工会建家活动能够延续20年而不衰,原因就是因为它是在特定历史时期中国工会组织发展方式和中国工会运动发展形式的正确选择.在新的历史条件下,工会组织建家活动可持续发展的实现,对工会组织的长远建设和发展都具有重要意义.     

Lender Liability for Environmental Harm: An Argument Against Negligence Based Rules

A firm strictly liable for any harm done will choose an inefficiently low care level if there is a possibility that it goes bankrupt. One possibility to improve care is extending liability to secured lenders, as applied under CERCLA and as currently being discussed in the EU. I compare strict liability, partial liability and vague negligence for lenders in a model with moral hazard and environmental auditing. While auditing is socially valuable only if it increases the firm's care level, the creditor also calculates the reduction in the information rent. Thus, for each possible care level, monitoring is always too high. This effect is aggravated by a vague negligence rule, where the probability that a lender is found liable decreases in the level of auditing. It is demonstrated that partial liability is superior, because the incentive for excessive monitoring is diminished.     

论大数据智能化侦查应用的特点及其构建

数据极大化和算法智能化是大数据侦查应用的基础和手段,人是大数据在侦查应用中的关键因素.从大数据侦查模式的宏观构建、微观算法目标和智能更新方式的设计到相关的行规、法规的建设等方面都需结合这两个特点展开研发和应用.通过阐述大数据智能化应用在预审业务及其人才培养的双重困境,提出在预审业务及其人才培养中开展大数据智能化侦查应用...     

惩治战争罪的国内军事立法问题研究

研究战争罪国内立法的理论与实践问题,对帮助国家领导者的正确决策,履行国家的国际承诺,震撼潜在的危及和平的争端和情势等方面具有不可低估的作用。惩治战争罪有国际惩治和国内惩治两种模式。适用国内惩治战争罪是我国相当时期内的现实选择。我国目前有关战争罪国内惩治的法律规定尚存在缺陷之处,需要从立法上予以补充和完善。     

第三次分配制度化的实现：注意力分配与正向激励——基于某公共组织支教事业的行动视角

第三次分配制度化是形式上制度的建立,但更强调过程和目标上制度要求的实现,即第三次分配相关活动的持续和重复。基于中观的公共组织行动者视角,研究发现,在一定的公共空间内个体参与第三次分配的热情和效果得以持续。以H大学的支教事业为例,此校由外而内将支教注意力纵向分配,并通过正向激励,动态实现了个体持续以志愿服务参与第三次分配的制度化要求。第三次分配制度化实现的行动方法论是：一方面,公共组织的注意力分配是第三次分配制度化实现的行动起点,组织向外确保注意力分配的科学性,向内则将注意力层层分配;另一方面,公共组织的正向激励是第三次分配制度化实现的行动保障,通过采取物质和精神的综合激励方式,针对第三次分配的参与类型,在参与准入或过程维度对参与者施以差别标准,同时吸纳多元反馈,动员和维系社会力量的慈善参与行为。     

检察办案风险点重点监控与处理机制的探讨

随着司法体制改革的深入推进,“谁办案谁负责、谁决定谁负责”的司法责任制落实完善,检察机关如何立足主责主业,有效防范检察办案风险,规范检察权的运行,化解社会矛盾,切实提高司法公信力,满足人民群众对民主、法治、公平、正义、安全、环境等方面的新需求,提供更优质的法治产品、检察产品成为新课题。文章从检察办案风险存在的客观性以及进行风险控制的必要性出发,对检察办案风险控制现状进行分析,从而进一步明确检察办案风险点并进行重点监控,并就在案管部门的协调监督下如何建立长效的检察办案风险处理机制提出意见建议。     

Joint sector reviews—M&E experiments in an era of changing aid modalities: Experiences from JSRs in the education sectors of Burkina Faso,Mali and Niger

Aid policy and practice have been thoroughly shaken up over the past few years. One of the reform areas relates to monitoring and evaluation (M&E). In short, aid recipients are asked to elaborate result‐oriented frameworks while donors are expected to harmonise and align their policies and frameworks. This article examines the extent to which joint sector reviews (JSRs) could take the M&E reform agenda forward. JSRs are M&E exercises at the sector level which have the potential to satisfy the M&E needs of various stakeholders while, at the same time, also contributing to the M&E reform agenda. They are increasingly utilised on the ground, yet, so far, there do not exist any systematic stocktakings and/or analyses of them. Our own analysis of a sample of JSRs from the education sectors of Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger indicate that JSRs score highly on harmonisation, coordination, leadership and broad‐based participation, but poorly on alignment. They generally prioritise accountability over learning needs and largely neglect accountability and learning at the level of the sector institutional apparatus. In this article, findings from the field are contrasted with insights from evaluation theory and practice so as to provide suggestions for on the ground JSR improvements. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Institutional design of ecolabels: Sponsorship signals rule strength

Ecolabels are designed to help consumers identify environmentally superior products and services; however, they are not all created equal. Some ecolabels have strong rules that promote environmental improvements, while others have weaker rules that permit free‐riding. Because information about ecolabel design and rule strength is typically not readily available at the point of purchase, consumers struggle to differentiate stronger ecolabels from weaker ones. We investigate whether ecolabel sponsorship is a signal that can help consumers distinguish between ecolabels according to the quality of their institutional design. Using data of 189 prominent ecolabels, we find that while most ecolabels have basic rules for environmental performance, monitoring, and conformance, the strength of these rules varies across labels according to sponsoring organization. Independent sponsors have the strongest ecolabel rules, followed by governments. Industry sponsored ecolabels have the weakest rule structures. Taken as a whole, these findings suggest that sponsorship may provide important information about whether an ecolabel is designed with rules that effectively condition firms to promote meaningful environmental improvements.     

论德国电子脚镣制度及对我国刑罚的影响

电子脚镣作为一种新型的监狱行刑替代方法,具有经济、简单、安全和可靠的特点,较好地弥补了监狱行刑与监外执行之间的鸿沟。德国推广电子脚镣制度的成功理论与实践,对改革和完善我国现行的司法制度有较强的借鉴意义。     

视频安防监控系统的法律规制原则研究

视频安防监控系统正得到广泛的运用,同时其使用对公民权利也产生了影响。通过对国内外立法、判例中就视频安防监控系统的使用对公民权利的规定的分析,提出视频安防监控系统法律规制的基本原则即公共利益本位原则、职权法定原则、行政正当原则,为当前的立法和执法实践提供参考。